Chemistry Final!
If an atom loses two electrons what charge will it have?
+2
If an atom gains one electron what charge will it have?
-1
Balance this equation._CF4 + _Br2 -- _CBr4 + _F2
1,2,1,2
Balance this equation._CH4 + _O2 --> _CO2 + _H2O
1,2,1,2
Balance this equation._SnO2 +_H2-->_Sn +_H2O
1,2,1,2
4 Al + 3 O2 -> 2 Al2O3 How much aluminum would be needed to completely react with 45 grams of O2?
1.875 moles
How many electrons can the d sublevel hold?
10
The electron configuration of an atom is 1s22s22p6. The number of electrons in the atom is
10
2 KClO3 → 2 KCl + 3 O2How many moles of oxygen are produced when 6.7 moles of KClO3 decompose completely?
10.1 mol
B2H6 + 3O2 -->2 HBO2 + 2 H2OWhat mass of O2 will be needed to burn 36.1 g of B2H6?
124 g O2
1 Cheese + 2 Bread --> 1 Grilled cheeseHow many grilled cheeses can you make with 26 slices of bread and 14 pieces of cheese?
13
What is the atomic mass of "F"
19
Which electron configuration belongs to Chlorine (Cl)?
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p5
What electron configuration matches an oxygen atom?
1s22s22p4
How many electrons can the s sublevel hold?
2
Mg + ___ HCl → MgCl2 + H2
2
Balance this equation_Al +_HCl --> _H2 +_AlCl3
2, 6, 3, 2
__ Al + __ FeO → Al2O2 + __ Fe
2,2,2
Cl2 + 2 KBr → Br2 + 2 KClHow many grams of potassium chloride can be produced from 356 g of chlorine and 356 g of potassium bromide?
223 g
Which problem is balanced?
2Na + 2H2O --> 2NaOH + H2
For the Balanced Reaction: 3 Mg + 1 Fe2O3 → 3 MgO + 2 Fe; What is the Ratio of moles of MgO to moles Fe?
3 mol MgO / 2 mol Fe
2H2 + O2 → 2H2OHow many moles of oxygen are consumed if 8 moles H2 are used?
4
How many atoms of aluminum are on each side of the following equation: 4Al + 3O2 --> 2Al2 O3
4
The Formula to make S'mores is:2C + 1M + G2 → C2MG2. If you have 5 Marshmallows (M), 9 Chocolate Pieces (C), and 9 Graham Cracker Halves (G), how many S'mores can you make?
4
PCl5 + ___ H2O → ___ HCl + H3PO4
4,5
2Na + 2H2O → 2NaOH+ H2How many grams of hydrogen are produced if 120 g of Na are available?
5.2 g
2 NaClO3 (s) --> 2NaCl (s) +3 O2 (g)12.00 moles of NaClO3 will produce how many grams of O2?
576 g of O2
How many atoms of carbon (C) are in C6H12O6?
6
What is the number of valence electrons for Oxygen?
6
an atom with atomic number 6 would have how many protons
6
CH4 + 2 O2 → CO2 + 2 H2OHow many moles of carbon dioxide are produced from the combustion of 110 g of CH4?
6.85 mol
How many atoms are there TOTAL in:H2SO4
7
How many valence electrons in this structure?
7
What is the number of protons that the element in this image contain?
7
SiO2 + 3C → SiC + 2COI need to add 8 moles of Carbon to the reaction. How many grams of Carbon should I weigh?
96 g
Generally, the number of neutrons ____ the number of protons in an atom.
=
Which periodic table family could have electrons filling orbitals in the s-block?
Alkaine Earth
the element with the lowest electronegativity in period 3 is
Ar
list the following in order of weakest to strongest ionization energy. P, Cs,Co,Sr
CS,Sr,Co,P
Which of the following will have a higher electronegativity than arsenic (As)?
Carbon (C)
Which of the following elements has the smallest atomic radius?
Chlorine
the electronegativity of Cl is the highest in period 3. why?
Cl is the smallest and has the greatest effective nuclear charge
Use the equation 2 Al + 3 Cl2 ---> 2 AlCl3. If 2 moles of aluminum and 2 moles of chlorine are reacted, identify the limiting reactant.
Cl2
Always starts with a Hydrocarbon that reacts with oxygen and produces carbon dioxide and water.
Combustion
C4H12 + O2 → CO2 + H2O
Combustion
Atoms joined together by SHARING electrons are?
Covalent bonds
2Pb(NO3)2 --> 2PbO + 4NO2 + O2
Decomposition
One reactant into several products.
Decomposition
What type of chemical reaction is this?Al(OH)3 → Al2O3 + H2O
Decomposition
Define a liquid.
Definite volume, indefinite shape
When a gas changes directly to a solid, the process is known as what?
Deposition
Ions in two compounds switch.
Double Replacement
The following is what type of reaction:PbCl2 + AgNO3 → Pb(NO3)2 + AgCl
Double Replacement
3KOH + H3PO4 --> K3PO4 + 3H2O
Double displacement
The element with the largest electronegativity in the halogens is -
F
Identify the limiting reagent when 6.00 moles HCl combines with 5.00 moles Mg to form MgCl2.1 Mg + 2 HCl --> 1 MgCl2 + 1 H2
HCl
If I ride my bike to school instead of walking, then I will get to school faster. What is the dependent variable?
How fast you get to school
Will a construction paper air plane fly faster than an airplane made from notebook paper? Choose the best hypothesis.
If I make a paper airplane from notebook paper, then it will fly faster than construction paper.
How is a gas defined?
Indefinite shape, indefinite volume
pic
It remains the same.
Which side of a chemical equation is the reactant side?
Left (before the yields sign)
What atom matches this electron configuration?1s22s22p63s2
Magnesium
What does the Law of Conservation of Mass state?
Matter cannot be gained or lost in a chemical reaction.
who developed the periodic table?
Mendeleev
Which type of bond creates a "pool" of electrons between atoms?
Metallic Bonds
What is the limiting reactant if 10 moles of NH3 react with 30.0 moles of NO?4 NH3+6 NO --> 5 N2 + 6 H2O
NH3
Which of the following has a full valence shell?
Neon
Is the equation balanced?: 2H2O + O2 --> 4MgO + 3Fe
No
Which type of bond has an equal sharing of electrons?
Non Polar Covalent
1 P4 + 3 O2 --> 1 P4O6What is the limiting reactant if 12 moles of P4 react with 15 moles of O2?
O2
Which type of bond has an unequal sharing of electrons?
Polar Covalent
Elements on the LEFT side of the periodic table will most likely form:
Positive ions
The two sides of a chemical equation are called?
Reactants (left) and Products (right)
If I read this question carefully, then I will answer it correctly. What is the independent variable?
Reading or not reading carefully
Which side of a chemical equation os the product side?
Right (after the yields sign)
3Ca + 2AlCl3 --> 3CaCl2 + 2Al
Single Displacement
One element replaces another in a compound.
Single Replacement
What term describes a solid changing to a gas?
Sublimation
What is the little number after an element in a chemical equation called.Example: H2
Subscript
4Si + S8 --> 2Si2S4
Synthesis
The following is what type of reaction:NH3 + HCl → NH4Cl
Synthesis
Two Reactants and One Product
Synthesis
As you move down the periodic table atoms get bigger. This is because ____________.
The atoms have more energy levels
What happens when my glass of water is sitting in the sun and disappears into a gas?
What happens when my glass of water is sitting in the sun and disappears into a gas?
How are covalent bonds explained?
When the atom shares an electron with an another atom
When does a chemical reaction stop?
When the limiting reactant is used up.
Choose the correct shortcut configuration for iodine.
[Kr]5s24d105p5
Each row on the periodic table represents:
an energy level
Particles of a liquid
are free to move around one another but still touch.
Where is the element's atomic MASS located?
at the bottom
all matter is made of what
atoms
As you move across the periodic table atoms tend to get smaller because, ______________.
atoms have more protons
What is decomposition?
breaking substances apart
Which of the following will have a lower ionization energy than Scandium (Sc)?
calcium Ca
When balancing equations a ____ can be placed to the left of a formula of a substance to make the equations balanced
coefficient
the summary at the end of an experiment that explains the results
conclusion
This is the group that we will compare our experimental group to. This group stays "normal."
control group
the name of information that you get from your experiment
data
Atomic radius generally increases as we move __________.
down a group and from right to left across a period
Which subatomic particle has a negative charge?
electron
The tendency of an atom to attract electrons and acquire a negative charge
electronegativity
Which subatomic particles contribute the least to the mass of an atom?
electrons
Valence electrons are the number of
electrons in the outside shell of the atom
What subatomic particle(s) would be found orbiting the nucleus?
electrons only
The energies of electrons as they orbit the nucleus of an atom
energy levels
this is the group that is affected by the independent variable or the group that is changed
experiemntal group
Testing hypotheses often involves
experiments
All chemical bonds involve two atoms sharing electrons.
false
The chemical bond formed when two atoms share electrons is called a(an) IONIC bond.
false
you hypothesis can never be wrong
false
Which is NOT a step in the scientific method?
form a theory
which atom has the largest atomic radius
francium
What term describes a liquid changing to a solid?
freezing
______________________ takes place when a liquid changes to a solid.
freezing
Particles (molecules) in a ______________________ have more energy than the other states of matter.
gas
The state of matter that has no definite size or shape is
gas
electronegativity is
how good an atom is at attracting electrons
ionization energy is
how much energy it takes to remove an electron from an atom
A testable explanation to a problem that has not yet been tested.
hypothesis
If you increase the amount of spinach you eat, then you will increase the iron in your blood. What's the dependent variable?
increase the amount of iron in your blood
As you look from left to right across a period, electronegativity
increases
Electronegativity __________ from left to right within a period and __________ from top to bottom within a group.
increases,decreases
the variable in an experiment is the one being changed by the scientist
independent
Which type of bond has a transfer of an electron from on atom to another?
ionic
A bond that forms when electrons are transferred is called a/an
ionic bond
the minimum energy required to remove an electron from the ground state of an atom
ionization energy
Bonds that form between two metals are called ______________ bonds.
metallic
Which subatomic particle has a neutral or no charge?
neutron
Energy levels are denoted by:
numbers
in a controlled experiment how many variables can be worked with at a time
one
When 12 moles of O2 reacts with 6 moles of C10H8, what is the limiting reactant?1 C10H8 + 12 O2 --> 10 CO2 + 4 H2O
oxygen
You need 2 pieces of bread, 1 tablespoon of peanut butter and 2 tablespoons of jelly to make a sandwich. If you have 10 pieces of bread, 4 tablespoons of peanut butter and 20 tablespoons of jelly, what is the limiting reactant?
peanut butter
When electrons are shared unequally a/an ___________ bond is formed
polar covalent
Which subatomic particle has a positive charge?
proton
The atomic number of an elements is the total number of which particles in the nucleus?
protons
Which subatomic particles contribute the most to the mass of an atom?
protons and neutrons
What are the 3 subatomic particles of an atom?
protons, neutrons, electrons
a series of steps designed to help you solve problems or answer questions
scientific method
Covalent compounds
share electrons
Chemical bonds form when atoms
share or transfer electrons
What type a reaction is taking place in this picture?
single replacement
Molecules are closest together in a
solid
Which form of matter does not take the shape of its container?
solid
Which state of matter has the lowest compressibility?
solid
f I study for my scientific method test, then I will have a better test score. What is the dependent variable?
test score
Where is the element's atomic NUMBER located?
top
An ionic bond forms when atoms ___________ electrons.
transfer
Which area on the periodic table represents the electrons in the "d" sublevel?
transition elements
After you write your conclusion, it is important to share your results with others.
true
There are 4 different types of subshells (orbitals) s,p,d,f.
true
Water can be a solid, liquid, and a gas.
true
You use the scientific method all the time to solve everyday problems.
true
An experiment is performed on plants to see how different liquids affect plant growth. Each plant in the experiment is given a different liquid; water, apple juice, or milk. Each plant has the same amount of soil, sunlight, and listens to the same music. In this investigation, the independent variable is ...
type of liquid
The limiting reactant . . .
used up first
dependent variable means
what is being measured
Is this equation balanced?
yes
What atom matches this electron configuration?1s22s22p63s23p64s23d10
zinc
Which of the following is not a correct designation for a sublevel?
zz
