Chemistry KC8: Water and Solutions

How many nonbinding (lone) pairs of electrons are in a water molecule?

2 pairs

What measurements do not change when a solution is diluted by the addition of solvent?

# of moles of solute

What operations usually makes a substance dissolve faster in a solvent?

- Agitate - Raise temperature - Crush the substance

What measurements change when a solution is diluted by the addition of solvent?

Concentration

Why is ice less dense than water?

It's a regular open frame of water molecules in a hexagonal arrangement

Holding the temperature constant while adding more solute to a solution that already has solute crystals at the bottom of the container will cause what to happen?

More solute crystals to appear at the bottom of the container

Why are two nonpolar substances able to dissolve in each other?

No repulsive force between them

what type of bond is between hydrogen and oxygen atoms in a water molecule?

Polar covalent

What is the term for the dissolved substance in a solution?

Solute

What is the term for the substance doing the dissolving in a solution?

Solvent

If a crystal added to an aqueous solution causes many particles to come out of the solution, the original solution was _________?

Supersaturated

what kind of mathematical relationship does there appear ti be between conductivity and concentration of ions (direct or inverse)?

There is an inverse relationship between conductivity and concentration. As concentration goes up so does conductivity. High concentration means more ions present per liter of water-) more ions=more conductivity

How does the solubility of a solid generally vary as: a. The temperature increases? b. The temperature decreases?

a. Solubility increases b. Solubility increases as temp. decreases (In a gas)

What is the shape of a water molecule?

bent

In a concentrated solution, there is a _____ amount of solute.

large

A dilute solution is one in which there is a ___ amount of solute.

small amount of solute in a large amount of olvent

A glass of kool-aid containing excess sugar at the bottom is said to be____?

supersaturated