Chemistry Matter

a pure chemical substance consisting of two or more different chemical elements that can be separated into simpler substances by chemical reactions.

compound

when gas goes to solid

deposition

Is blue with and inner and outer cone

desired bunsen burner flame

Method for separating liquid mixtures into their individual components by boiling.

distillation

Separation of two or more substances based on boiling point.

distillation

2 Techniques for Separating Mixtures

distillation and filtration

____________ is a technique used to separate elements in a compound. This process breaks chemical bonds.

electrolysis

a type of atom that is defined by its atomic number (#of protons in its nucleus). Ex: Au, S, Fe

element

each of more than one hundred substances that cannot be chemically interconverted or broken down into simpler substances and are primary constituents of matter

elements

Pure Substances can be either __________ or __________

elements or compounds

change in color, change in odor, production of a gas (bubbling), production of heat or light or sound, absorbing of heat or light

evidences of a chemical reaction

Used to remove a solid from a liquid: Ex: separate coffee grounds from coffee solution

filtration

a separation technique that is used to separate heterogeneous mixtures solid that has not dissolved in a liquid (for example a precipitate).

filtration

Fills the entire volume of a container

gas

what does gas intake tube do

gas enters burner from table source

3 forms of carbon

graphite, diamond, buckmisterfullerene

Juice with pulp; fruit salad, chef's salad, Greek salad; vegetable soup; oil/vinegar/soil and water; crunchy peanut butter; carbonated soft drinks are all what type of mixture

heterogeneous

Composition is NOT uniform; individual substances are distinct; components are not blended smoothly

heterogeneous mixtures

are alloys heterogeneous or homogeneous

homogeneous

2 Types of Mixtures

homogeneous and heterogeneous

Uniform,constant composition; components are in a single phase; A.K.A: solutions

homogeneous mixture

7 diatomic molecules

hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, chlorine, bromine, iodine, flourine

what do air intake holes do in bunsen burner

lets air in

Add energy to a solid and it becomes a __________

liquid

Has a definite volume but it takes the shape of a container

liquid

What two states of matter will flow?

liquids & gases

Anything that has mass and occupies space.

matter

two or more atoms join together chemically.

molecule

The hottest part of an optimal flame is:

outside of inner flame

To find an element look on the _________ ________

periodic table

Density, color, odor, hardness, shape, weight, change of state (melting / freezing / evaporation / condensation / sublimation / deposition / dissolving) are all examples of _____________ properties

physical

Changes that result in a difference in display without changing the composition.

physical change

phase changes (Melting-Freezing or Boiling-Vaporizing-Condensating or sublimating-depositing); crumpling, crushing, cutting, folding, mangling, mixing, tearing, sawing, etc

physical change examples

Bend, tear, boil, freeze, melt

physical change verbs

Ex: luster, odor, color, density, temperature, boiling point, malleability, ductility

physical property

A pure element or compound contains only ONE substance, with no other substances mixed in. Impure materials are mixtures of elements, mixtures of compounds, or mixtures of elements and compounds.

pure substance

what does gas flow valve do

regulates flow of gas

Definite shape, definite volume.

solid

What are the 3 States of Matter?

solid liquid gas

Homogeneous mixture aka

solution

homogeneous mixture aka

solution

when a solid changes directly to a gas (solid CO₂ turns to a vapor)

sublimation

what does base do in bunsen burner

supports burner

A subtype of heterogeneous mixture. settles

suspension

True or false? All compounds are molecules but not all molecules are compounds.

true

The is the effect of light scattering in many directions in colloidal dispersion, while showing no light in a true solution.

tyndall effect

solid-solid mixture ( alloys - usually two metals) solid-liquid mixture ( salt+water or sugar+water) liquid-liquid mixture (water+alcohol or water+antifreeze) gas-liquid mixture (O₂and CO₂ in seawater) gas-gas [air - N₂and O₂; scuba tank gases]

types of solutions

Solid or liquid that is in the gaseous state

vapor

what does barrel do in bunsen burner

where gas and air mix

Different forms of the same element. Pure substances!

allotrope

solid mixture that contains two or more metals (occasionally a non-metal like carbon) mixed together.

alloy

the smallest constituent unit of matter that has the properties of a chemical element.

atom

Any change that results in the formation of new chemical substances. At the molecular level, chemical change involves making or breaking of bonds between atoms.

chemical change

Burn, tarnish, combust, cook, digest

chemical change verbs

burning, combustion, corrosion, decomposition, digestion explosion, fermentation, oxidation, photosynthesis, rusting, tarnishing

chemical changes

Reacts or doesn't react Forms a new compound... a new color is produced...a gas is formed...a solid is formed from two liquids

chemical properties

A property or characteristic of a substance that is observed during a reaction in which the chemical composition or identity of the substance is changed:

chemical property

one of the three primary types of mixtures, with the other two being a solution and suspension. Scatters light, does not settle on standing. A subtype of heterogeneous mixture.

colloid

water (H₂O) table salt (NaCl) sucrose - sugar (C₆H₁₂O₆) carbon dioxide (CO₂) carbon monoxide (CO) ammonia (NH₃) hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) methane gas (CH₄)

common compounds

Two or more elements combined CHEMICALLY; pure substance that CAN be separated by chemical means; can be identified by a chemical formula that is always the same

compound