Chemistry, Microbiology and Pathology D.E.A.D. study set

Which of the following are used as vehicles in arterial fluids?

All of these

Which of the following are true of reactions with formaldehyde? 1 - Exists in water as ethylene glycol 2 - Preserves lipids by coagulation 3 - Converts biliverdin to bilirubin.

None of these are true of formaldehyde

Which of the following solutions contain the most solute per-volume of solvent?

Supersaturated

Increased arterial circulation leading to congestion of blood is called

active hyperemia

Sodium citrate, when used in embalming fluids, functions as a/an:

anticoagulant

Citrates and oxalates are usually added to embalming fluids to act as:

anticoagulants

Which of these transmit disease by biting the host?

biological vectors

Which is the following structures interfere most with phagocytosis?

capsules

The complete oxidation of proteins produces:

carbon dioxide, water and urea

Inflammation of the gall bladder is called

cholecytitis

A solution containing a relatively large amount of solute is

concentrated

A circulatory disorder that is often found to occur as an after-effect of a diseased heart valve is

embolism

A foreign object moving within the blood stream is called a(n) ___.

embolism

These compounds break down large fat globules into small droplets to increase the surface area of the fat so that it can be more easily digested or washed away.

emulsifying agents

What type of substance is secreted by a living cell that can bring about chemical changes in another substance without undergoing any substantive change themselves?

enzymes

A communicable disease that attacks a large number of persons in a community at about the same time is termed

epidemic

_______________ are poisonous substances produced by bacteria and released into the surrounding medium by the living cells.

exotoxins

Identify the true solution from this list.

formalin

Spilled formaldehyde can be treated with ___ to produce a harmless product that can be easily disposed of. This can be a standard procedure for neutralizing major spills.

glutaraldehyde

Index of a formaldehyde solution is an expression of:

grams of HCHO per 100 ml of water

The expulsion of blood of a gastric origin from the mouth is

hematemesis

Tissues preserved with formaldehyde will decompose if the body is left in an environment which is:

highly humid

Which of the following would most likely transmit typhoid fever as a mechanical vector?

housefly

A highly developed state of resistance to a specific disease is called

immunity

The type of immunity that is inherited is called

innate

This condition is a dermotropic condition, really a progressive form of cutaneous tuberculosis . That pathogen may reach the skin through blood or lymph from a tuberculous internal organ, The characteristic lesion is reddish brown and often affects the face resulting in disfigurement.

lupus vulgaris

The reduction of surface tension is significant in the disinfection process because it allows for the:

maximum contact with surfaces being disinfected

A neoplasm that is malignant and pigmented is a:

melanoma

Elements are composed of identical atoms; compounds are composed of ____.

molecules

The final hydrolytic products of polysaccharides are:

monosaccharides

The cross linking that takes place between protein molecules in embalmed tissue occurs between ________ in adjacent molecules.

nitrogen atoms

Which of the chemical agents is described as a coal-tar derivative?

phenol

More than the normal total volume of blood in the body is a condition known as

plethora

Formaldehyde, in terms of embalming, is used as a:

preservative and disinfectant

Malaria is caused by a:

protozoa

Streptococcus pyogenes is responsible for the infectious disease

rheumatic fever

A childhood disease characterized by faulty ossification of bone is:

rickets

Inflammation of the fallopian tubes is called

salpingitis

A solution containing all the solute it can hold under ordinary conditions is

saturated

General paresis is caused by syphilis in the

tertiary stage

Which region of a protein molecule is acted upon by formaldehyde in the preservation reaction?

the peptide bond

Which of the following are characteristics of organic compounds?

their molecular structure is carbon based

Which statement is NOT correct about accessory fluids?

they are added to the tank of the injection machine

Which of the following is NOT applicable to viruses?

they are autotrophic organisms

The causative agent of a disease modified in such a manner that it will no longer cause the disease but will still promote the production of antibodies is a(n)

vaccine

Another name for methyl alcohol is

wood alcohol

What is the freezing point of water?

0 degrees Celsius

Which of the following are the correct steps in the partial oxidation series methane?

All of these are correct.

Which of the following are dyes used in arterial formulations? 1 - Eosine 2 - Ponceau Red 3 - Erythrosine 4 - Amaranth

All of these.

Sawdust used in absorbent viscera treatment powders is also known as:

Cellulose

Least likely to be a viral disease is

bubonic plague

Of the following neoplasms, the one most likely to cause death is

melanoma

If an embalming fluid label directs that the bottle must be shaken well before using, the mixture inside is properly described as ___.

simple suspension

The word "streptococcus" describes

spherical cells arranged in chains

The prefix "myelo" means

spinal cord

Which of the following is most efficient in destruction of microorganisms?

steam under pressure

What infection occurs as a late complication of another disease and is itself the actual cause of death?

terminal

What term is defined as the degree of the ability of a microorganism to cause disease?

virulence

Which of the following requires living cells for growth?

viruses

Most often used as fillers:

Both Cellulose and Perlite

With what disease is rubella identified?

German measles

Which of those listed below are obligate intracellular parasites?

all of these

The inhibition of bacterial growth and reproduction without necessarily destroying the organisms is the result of

an antiseptic

Ultraviolet rays of sunlight

are bactericidal

The type of acquired immunity that results from exposure to viral antigen when the virions are modified in a laboratory to be unable to cause disease is:

artificially acquired active

The product(s) of the reaction of formaldehyde and protein:

break down in the presence of an abundance of water.

The removal of the amino group from an amino acid is:

deamination

Which of the following diseases would be characterized by glycosuria?

diabetes mellitus

The presence of a capsule may affect a bacterium by

increasing virulence

Which of the following is NOT true about formaldehyde?

it can be oxidized into methanol

One major characteristic of pre-injection fluids:

little or no preservative

Inflammation of the membranes that surround the brain is called

meningitis

Silver nitrate prophylaxis was once used for the control of

ophthalmia neonatorum

Inflammation of the testis is

orchitis

Rickettsia grow only as

parasites

Chlamydia psittaci causes

parrot fever

An excessive amount of blood in a body part due to decreased venous drainage is called

passive hyperemia

Two or more atoms of different elements in chemical combination(acting as a unit) that has lost or gained an electron forms a/n? Example: NH₄+

polyatomic ion

Polycythemia vera is an uncontrolled increase of ___ in the blood.

red blood cells

Which of the following is NOT a phenolic compound?

Glutaraldehyde

Select the chemical which does not form a solution when mixed with water.

benzene

A government official whose job it is to confirm and certify the death of an individual within a jurisdiction; may also conduct an inquest as to identity of the deceased as well as cause and manner of death. In the Middle Ages, this title referred to a "person of the crown".

coroner

What is the most common mode of transmission for gonorrhea?

direct contact

What is the quaternary ammonium compounds used for in embalming fluids?

disinfectants

Which of the following may be considered a predisposing factor of disease?

race

Which of the following compounds used in arterial formulations fall under the heading of modifying agents? 1 - Anticoagulants 2 - Humectants 3 - Buffers 4 - Preservatives

1, 2 & 3 only

A bacterium which has had its virulence reduced is said to be

attenuated

What is a condition in which bacteria are found in the blood but not multiplying there?

bacteremia

The solvent which will dissolve nonpolar materials like grease and oil is:

benzene

Bacteria usually reproduce by

binary fission

Water conditioning agents used to sequester calcium ions in hard water:

both sodium citrate and sodium salt of EDTA

Surface tension reducers (allow water to flow through smaller apertures):

both sodium lauryl sulfate and sulfonates

Forms the layer beneath the epidermis, which contains connective tissue, vessels, glands, follicles, hair roots, sensory nerves, and muscular tissue.

dermis

Polyhydroxy alcohols are a class of compounds often added to arterial fluids to act as:

humectants

Theoretically, the complete reduction of the compound formaldehyde would produce?

methane

What condition may result from inguinal hernia?

necrosis

Which of the following diseases is not protected against by the MMR vaccine?

Rocky Mountain Spotted fever

Which of the following organisms is capable of forming capsules when living as parasites?

Streptococcus pneumoniae

Formaldehyde in water in a closed system such as an embalming fluid bottle, actually exists as:

Methylene Glycol - HCHO + H₂0> CH₂(OH)₂

Which of the following is a quaternary ammonium compound?

Zephiran chloride