Chemistry: Solutions Review
Unsaturated solution
A solution that contains less solute than a saturated solution at a given temperature and pressure. (Could hold more!) Any p0int BELOW the line!
Supersaturated solution
A solution that holds more dissolved solute than is required to reach equilibrium at a given temperature. (Holding more than possible!) Any point ABOVE the line!
What does stirring do to the rate of solution?
Stirring brings fresh portions of the solvent in contact with the solute. It allows the solute to dissolve faster.
Describe the process of solvation.
The process of surrounding the solute particles with solvent particles. Solvation is the process that occurs when a solute is dissolved in a solvent. The process of dissolving!
What is the difference between homogeneous and heterogeneous mixtures? Give an example of each.
A homogeneous mixture is one in which substances are evenly distributed throughout the mixture. A heterogeneous mixture is one in which different materials can be distinguished easily.
Saturated solution
A mixture that contains as much dissolved solute as is possible at a given temperature. (Holding the max!) Any point ON THE LINE!
What is the difference between the solute and the solvent of a solution?
A solute is a substance that is dissolved in a solution. Solute is dissolved! A solvent is the substance in which the solute dissolves. Solvent does the dissolving!
What does decreasing the surface area do to the rate of solution?
Breaking the solute into small pieces increases its surafce area and increases its rate of solution. The dissolving rate is decreased.
What does increasing temperature do to the amount of solid or liquids solute that will dissolve (generally)?
Increasing temperature (hotter solvents) generally can dissolve more solute, thus increases the solid or liquid.
What does increasing temperature do to the rate of solvation? What else increases the rate?
Increasing temperature increases the rate of solvation. Aggitation increases the surface area
__________ are used to show how the solubility of a substance changes with temperature.
Solubility curves
What is a condition in which the rate of dissolution equals the rate of crystallization?
Solution equilibrium
The solubilities of substances who curves show greater/steeper slopes are ______ (more/less) affected by temperature changes than those that have more gradual slopes.
more
In a solubility curve graph, what is any point on the line illustrate?
solution equilibrium
Each curve on a solubility graph shows how solubility for that substance changes as ______ changes.
temperature
The __________ of a solution affects how much of the solute is dissolved by the solvent.
temperature