Chicano U.S History of the America's (Midterm)

What did the Nahua mother tell her daughter about clothing?

" Do not place on you, do not put on you, extravagant embroidered clothes or be one who dresses presumptuously, but you are also neither to dress in or take worn out clothes..." and do not wear makeup.

What does "O" and "L" represent in Mayan Culture?

"Awaken consciousness" and "vibration" together it means awaken consciousness in the forms of vibration

What question does Hunbatz Men pose to the culture or society who teaches that the "zero on the left [of the decimal] has no value"?

"Could it be that the culture which teaches this way of reasoning has no value?"

What do Hunbatz Men reveal that the "G" symbol ultimately represents?

"G" is the omnipresent germ, the essence, the seed. Also exists in you, dear reader, in the form of the cosmic essence which you are.

Where, according to the Nahua mother is the only safe place/way to live?

"Only with tranquility are you to go on your path and only with tranquility as you go on the road"

What did the Nahua mother tell her daughter about walking along the road and the manner of speaking?

"your words should not emerge quickly. You should not talk nonsense or hurry your speech. You should not kneel or issue commands. Your speech should come out tranquilly and gently.... Your words should be straight and direct, In a moderate voice, do not hesitake. "

Why does Hunbatz Men claim that trees and plants are the defenders and protectors of humans?

-Because plants serve to sure the physical and psychic maladies of humans -Becuase they are human's veritable companions -because they are relatives of human beings who can help humans in their most anxious and desperate of times by offering their medical properties

What type of city was Mexico Tenochtitlan?

-It was an urban city with more than 350,000 residents -It was a lake-city with scores of canals and botanical gardens -it was a place that reminded the Spaniards of Venice, Italy, but far bigger, cleaner and more beautiful.

What is the Florentine Codex?

12 books written by Bernardino de Sahagun

How many ceremonial centers, or pyramids exist in Anahuac, Mexico and Central America?

21,000

How many people lived in Mexico-Tenochtitlan in the beginning of the 16th century?

350,000 people lived

According to Hernan Cortez, how many pale stucco houses filled the island metropolis of Tenochtitlan?

60,000 pale stucco houses, single and multi-storied

How many people did Hernan Cortez claim attended the great market, Tlatelolco, of Tenochtitlan daily?

60,000 people

How many Nahuatl poems are found in the Cantares Mexicanos?

91

How much percentage of the material produced and used by official researchers is useless because of false information and the linguistic translations that they contain, according to Hunbatz Men?

99 percent

According to historian Leonard Thompson, what is "political mythology"?

A tale told about the past to legitimize or discredit a regime.

What is Anahuac and Tiwantinsuyo?

Anahuac was and is the central core of a Mexico. Tiwantinsuyo

In what way did Bernal Díaz Del Castillo describe Tenochtitlan and the cities that surrounded Lake Texcoco?

As places full of flowers, birds, botanical gardens and houses rising from the water.

" _________________ and ________________ were the foundations of [Mayan] philosophy."

Astronomy and Astrology were the foundations of their philosophy.

Why, according to Piero Bainuccio, does the earth slow its orb during certain times of the year?

Because during the spring the flow of sap is concentrated in the highest branches of plants and trees which slow down the orb of the earth.

How can trees and plants help people who are suffering from disease?

Because it gives us the fruit and norchurans that the body needs

Why has modern religions and science been brought into conflict, according to Hunbatz Men?

Because no one is in agreement with anyone else.

What does Tamuanchan signify the bringing together of for the Maya?

Bringing together of human and veggtable life.

What was the calmecac and the telpochcalli, and what was the difference between them?

Calmecac is a University and a Telpochcalli is a house of youth. The parents will choose the schooling

According to Hunbatz Men, who did the Catholic saints take the place of for the indigenous peoples of Mexico and Central America?

Catholic Saints took the roles of the Lords of Air, Fire, Rain, Etc.

How did the Mayan, according to Hunbatz Men, define the "Absolute Being"?

Defined as measure and movement. Measure of the soul and movement of the energy which is spirit.

What did the Nahua mother tell her daughter about relationships and what she should avoid at all costs?

Do not commit adultery, respect your body and choose your man wisely.

Who were the Nahua?

Group of Indigenous People

What type of skills did the father want his daughter to obtain?

H wanted her to become a Tolteca, an artist, and a craft women or painter.

What does Hunbatz Men say about Mexico City and the ancient city of the Tenochtitlan?

He said that Mexico city is ordained and all the colonial structures, houses and churched in the center of the city will succumb to the design of time and impelled by the autochtonous symbols deposited at this sacred site by our Indian grandparents and that the peopleon tenochtitlan knew the meaning and value of the "t"

What did the Nahua father warn his daughter about?

He warned his little girl that the world is a dangerous place and to not live in vain nor be idle. ( He warned her about the intoxications in the world.)

What is the Huehuetlatolli?

Huehuetlatolli is an Ancient word/ Moral Stories

Who, according to the Maya, is the "Only Giver of Movement and Measure?"

Hunab K'u

What does Hunbatz Men say about the "G" "T" and "O" and ancient tongues?

It became common in ancient tongues and in this way the people of Europe, Aisa and Africa were influenced by native American culture

According to the Honduran researcher Medardo Mejia, how does one understand Mayan culture?

It is necessary, to begin with, the religion that generates the rituals.

What is the significance of the "T" symbol in Anahuac culture?

It represents the tree and ultimately the first and last breath of a person's life on earth.

"As an example of this, we say life is______________ and death is _________________."

Life is movement and death is measure

Interestingly, the Mayan uahomche drawing is similar to the famous European ______________________ Cross.

Maltese

Why according to Hunbatz Men do many people "follow" organized religion?

Many prefer the comfort in belief.

Who were the first people on earth to give the "zero" a mathematical value and what was its name?

Mayan Forefathers

Ultimately, what does the Mayan seek for humankind, according to Hunbatz Men?

Mayan seek not the destruction of humankind but instead its exaltation, since love for one's own kind is love for one's self and by extension love for the absolute being (Hunab K'u)

"Our preconquest Mayan ancestors, through deduction and synthesis, came to a ________________________ conclusion, with a mathematical sense" (24).

Monotheistic

Who has most of the official Mayan history been written by, according to Hunbatz Men?

Most of the official history of they Maya was written by foreign "experts"

What does ooch or oosh mean in the Mayan language?

Nourishment

What can the understanding of authentic Mayan cultural values help one to do?

One can discuss religion, science, or philosophy, all within the context of things Mayan.

According to the Mayans, what happens to the human being upon death?

Our soul or physical form remains on Earth, tenuous material that it is; our spirit, however, as igneous energy, reintegrates with great cosmic focus which is that sun.

Nah Chan, according to Hunbatz Men, is the originally name for ___________________________, located in Chiapas, Mexico.

Palenque

What type of literature is found in the Cantares Mexicanos?

Poems and songs which reached lessons and talked about nature

How did Hernan Cortez describe the great market of Tenochtitlan?

Quite

What sacred books have been written by Valmiki since antiquity?

Ramayana and Mahabharata

Philosophy for the Mayan is __________________.

Science

What does panche be mean and what was it, according to Hunbatz Men?

Seeking the root of truth

What has photographic documentation shown happens when a person dies?

Subtle energy, like smoke from a cigarette, rises from the breast

What does western scholar Mr. Von Daniken say about "Pacal's Stone" located at Palenque?

That the Pacal's Stone is extraterrestrial

How did Berossus, the Chaldean, say that the Maya arrived in their lands and what were they doing there?

That the maya descended in the form of fish bring their culture

What is the significance of the "T" symbol under the nose of a sculptured face?

That the person is alive

What did the famous Egyptian priest Manetho maintain about the Mayan people?

That they lived in Atlantis for 13,900 years

What did the Mayan think about lords, humans and numbers, according to Hunbatz Men?

That they were dependent on the "absolute being"

How did the Mayan, in essence, view the trees?

That they were living human beings

What do Bernardino de Sahagún, Diego Duran, Geronimo Mendieta, Andres de Olmos and Toribio Benaventa Motolinia all have in common?

The First 16th century priest (friars) ordered by the catholic church to learn, read and write Nahautl

What does Yaxche mean in the Mayan language?

The First tree

Why do many scholars think the Totonac people were "content and peaceful" people?

The Totonac smiling figures seem to celebrate the sun and nature.

What does the meticulous "G" represent or what is it symbolic of for the Nahua, Maya, Inca etc.?

The beginning

What is the equation for the human being, according to Hunbatz Men?

The human being is simultaneously an addition, a subtraction, a multiplication, a division, and a common denominator.

Why are there so many sects of organized religions today?

The human tendency of each fraction is to believe that it is the possessor of the truth. This then creates and perplexity about who is right.

Where in Mexican society, contemporary or historically, or even in U.S. society, can the "G" symbol be seen or found?

The milky way

What did Nahua/Mexica parents do within weeks of their children being born and why?

The parents would strap their children to their backs and take them everywhere

What was the penalty for being under the influence of alcohol in Tenochtitlan or any of the surrounding cities?

The penalty for being under the influence was punishable by death

What symbol does Xochipilli's pedestal possess and what does she represent for the Mexica?

The symbol "G" and she is the goddess of agriculture, the flowers, music, song, poetry, and the dance.

What is epistemology?

The theory of knowledge, especially with regard to its methods, validity, and scope. Epistemology is the investigation of what distinguishes justified belief from opinion.

Why do many Christians associate the tree with evilness?

The tree is associated with evilness because of the great sin of Adam and eve eating from the forbidden tree of knowledge.

What did the Greeks represent or connect the geo to?

The trees

What happened to Hinduism, Buddhism and Shintoism, according to Hunbatz Men?

These religions have divided and sub-divided.

What are the Fibonacci numbers and what do they create?

They create the sacred "g" or the spiral. 01113...

From the Mayan experience with their environment, what did they conclude, according to Hunbatz Men?

They recognized that they too were part of nature and that everything has a soul.

According to J. Antonio Villacorta C. and Carlos Antonio Villacorta, how did the Mayan use their sacred books?

They were the principal objects taken on pilgrimages and on the final journey to the grave where they were buried with the priest

According to Hunbatz Men, under what names did the Nahua people worship Hunab K'u, the supreme deity of the Mayan?

They worshiped him using the names In Tloke Nahuake and Ipalnamohuani.

Beyond the tree or the tree of life, what did the "T" symbol additionally represent?

This symbol additionally represented the air, the wind, and the divine breath of God.

Why would the incorporation of the indigenous people into a technologically mechanized civilization be disastrous?

This would be disastrous, considering the spiritual decadence of European or Western culture.

How did ancient Mayan people teach their children to speak?

Through songs

How else can "lol" be interpreted in Mayan culture?

To Dia de los Muertos or day of the dead celebration

What did a father tell his son about women and children?

To be a grown man, protector, and not to be like the dog.

What does the Mayan word Teol, God, or the Nahuatl word Teotl, God, literally mean?

Tree knowledge or tree consciousness

What did Valmiki, who wrote the two most sacred books of the Hindus, say about Mayan culture?

Valmiki states that around 2700 B.C the Naga Maya brought their culture to India.

What does "lol" mean in Mayan?

Vibration ., consciousness, vibration

What is the human being made of or composed of, according to Hunbatz Men?

We evolved in a unique environment of materials and gases, combined with solar energy.

What do humans owe their ability and capacity for intelligence, reason, logic, imagination and creativity to, according to Hunbatz Men?

We owe to the air we breathe, the oxygen and hydrogen we consume as water, the foods we ingest as nourishment, and even the medicines derived from minerals and organic matter.

What does Hunbatz Men say about the knowledge found in his book?

We will attain the revelation of K'uatzal of the cosmos and we will know the mysteries of the milky way

Is it true that plants and trees can be turned to in moments of anxiety and desperation?

Yes