Child Development Unit 4
communication
Preschoolers' more advanced _______ skills, more balanced emotions, positive self-concepts, and great self-confidence are reasons for preschoolers being able to get along better with others.
expressive vocabulary
all the words that one says
myplate
Jay's mother prepared two-year-old Jay a nutritious dinner after consulting _________.
imitation
Most of what toddlers learn is through ________.
positive
Parents should give preschoolers attention for __________ behavior.
coordination, balance
Preschoolers attain __________ and __________ through physical play.
toddlers
Preschoolers have greater appetites compared to those of _________, and they usually eat the same foods as their family.
lisping
Preschoolers having trouble pronouncing particular sounds are ____________.
jealousy
Preschoolers snatch toys from other children during group play because of ________.
ambidexterous
Preschoolers who can use either hand to accomplish tasks are ___________.
pretend play
The creation of a fantasy world occurs when toddlers engage in make-believe or _________.
symbolic play
The substitution of one item for another happens during ________.
Love, trust
______ and ________ are preschoolers' emotional needs.
regression behavior
______ is a temporary or long-term defense mechanism employed to express an unacceptable behavior instead of a more adult-like and acceptable response.
dexterity
_______ is the skillful use of hands and fingers.
abstract thinking
_________ is generalized or conceptual thinking.
competition
__________ may become harmful if children become too aggressive and damage cooperative relationships.
permanent
__________ teeth replace baby teeth at the age of five.
moral development
a developmental process that results in the ability to know right from wrong
group identification
a feeling of belonging to a certain group of people
phoneme
a group of sounds in different words that sound alike to native speakers
dyslexia
a learning disability in which a person is unable to understand printed symbols in a normal way
receptive vocabulary
all the words that one understands
empathy
an ability to understand others' thoughts, feelings, and emotions
conscience
an inner feeling for what is right and wrong
life skills
behaviors individuals use to manage personal affairs on a daily basis
Multiple intelligences
different ways of using the mind and body to experience the world
role play
Children pretend to be someone else during _________.
parallel play
During ________, toddlers play alongside but not with other children.
fears
Storms, the dark, noises, falling, dogs, bodily harm, and parental death may be _________ of preschoolers.
nutritious food
To ensure preschoolers eat __________, parents should consult MyPlate.
temper tantrums
Toddlers may release frustration during __________.
self-concepts
Toddlers who receive good feedback develop good __________.
fears
Toddlers' _________ include ones of loud noises, large animals, and quick moves.
calcium
Toddlers' parents ensure their children receive enough daily ________ by giving them sufficient milk.
dyslexia
When a child is unable to understand printed symbols in a normal way, it is termed ___________.
Intelligence quotient
a number obtained by comparing a person's intelligence to the scores of others on a test
telegraphic speech
a style of communication that is short and sweet
holophrase
a word that has more than one meaning
social development
advance from solitary play to parallel play; begin naming friends
physical development
further develop large and small motor skills; vision improves
physical development
large motor skills: walk unassisted, run, kick, pedal a tricycle; small motor skills: self-feed, self-dress, start using the toilet
social development
move from group play to cooperative play; form friendships; become increasingly social
dramatic play
play in which children imitate real-life situations
cooperative play
play in which children interact with and share with other children
solitary play
play in which children play alone
group play
play in which children play in a group that is not well-formed
role play
play that helps preschoolers prepare for school
structured play
play that is formally planned
unstructured play
play that is unplanned
gender identity
recognizing oneself as being a boy or girl
Intellectual development
solve problems; participate in symbolic play and role play; enter the linguistic stage during which they use holophrases and telegraphic speech
emotional development
start developing a sense of insecurity; achieve more independence and greater self-control
developmentally appropriate
suitable for children of a certain age and interests
symbolic thinking
the ability to understand that words, images, and symbols represent a whole set of ideas
negativism
the act of being negative and lacking a positive outlook
emotional balance
the moderation of emotions
conformity
the need to be similar in appearance to and actions of those in their same age group
intonation
the pitch or highness or lowness of a sound in which a word is spoken that indicates a different meaning
linguistic stage
the stage of development in which language is used to convey thoughts
intellectual development
use logical thinking to solve ordinary problems; learn new concepts; improve language skills
