choice of research method

three main factors that influence sociologists choice of research method

-the methodological preference of the sociologist -practical aspects of research -ethical concerns

practical factors-research opportunity

If a research opportunity suddenly appears, the researcher may no time to prepare lengthy questionnaires or interview schedules.

practical factors-personal danger

Methods involving direct contact with a research group increases the possibility of danger to researchers.

methodological preference- interpretists

Prefer qualitative data. In their view, the aim of research is to uncover the meanings people hold. Best achieved by unstructured research methods.

methodological preference- positivists

Prefer quantitative data. In their view, the aim of research is to reveal cause and effect relationships. This requires quantitative data to identify patterns and trends in behaviour. So they would prefer to use structured research techniques.

practical factors-personal factors

Researchers have careers, family commitments etc, so they may not be able to do lengthy research in the field.

ethical factors-consent

Researchers should have the informed consent from people because of the effects that the research may have on them. People should not be manipulated or misled about the research.

ethical factors-effects on the sample

Research findings can be used by political groups or the media in ways that may be damaging to the sample.

practical factors-sources of funding

Research sponsored by government, business, voluntary organisations, etc reflects the concerns of these funding bodies. Easier to get funding for quantitative research.

ethical factors- confidentiality

Research subjects have the right to anonymity, so they should not be identifiable when research is published.

ethical factors

Sociological research does not take place in a moral vacuum; sociologists have to think about the possible effects their research might have on people's lives.

practical factors-research subjects

Some groups are less open e.g. criminals, so structured research methods may not be appropriate.

practical factors-time

Some methods usually take more time, e.g. participants observations and unstructured interviews

practical factors-finance

The finance available affects the number of researchers, respondents and the amount of research time.

practical factors

restrict the sociologists choice of method