Chp 30: Management of Patients with Hematologic Neoplasms

The nurse is assisting the client with multiple myeloma to ambulate. What is the most important nursing intervention to help prevent fractures in the client?

Promote safety.

A client who is undergoing chemotherapy for AML reports pain in the low back. What is the nurse's first action?

Assess renal function.

The nurse is assessing a client with leukemia. How would the nurse assess for enlargement and tenderness over the liver and spleen?

By palpating the abdomen

A nurse cares for a client with early Hodgkin lymphoma. While assessing the client, the nurse will most likely find painless enlargement of which lymph node?

Cervical

A client is awaiting test results to diagnose Hodgkin lymphoma. The nurse knows that which result is the hallmark for the diagnosis of this condition?

Reed-Sternberg cells

What assessment finding best indicates that the client has recovered from induction therapy?

Neutrophil and platelet counts within normal limits

A nurse is assessing a client with multiple myeloma. Due to this condition, what will this client be at risk for?

pathologic bone fractures.

The nurse is discussing disorders of the hematopoietic system when a client asked about erythrocytosis. What disease will the nurse mention with a primary characteristic of erythrocytosis?

polycythemia vera

The nurse is assessing a client admitted with a deep vein thrombosis with an elevated red blood cell count. The admitting diagnosis is polycythemia vera. What is the hallmark clinical sign of PV?

splenomegaly

The nurse is caring for a client with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). Which interventions will the nurse implement for this client? Select all that apply.

Monitoring for spontanous bleeding Tylenol as ordered for fever Energy conservation techniques

Which patient assessed by the nurse is most likely to develop myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS)?

A 72-year-old patient with a history of cancer

The clinic nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with leukopenia. What does the nurse know this client has?

A general reduction in all white blood cells

A client is being evaluated for a diagnosis of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). What diagnostic indicator will the nurse assess?

A leukocyte count >100,000/mm3

The nurse is caring for a client with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with high uric acid levels. What medication does the nurse anticipate administering that will prevent crystallization of uric acid and stone formation?

Allopurinol

Clients with multiple myeloma have abnormal plasma cells that proliferate in the bone marrow where they release osteoclast-activating factor, resulting in the formation of osteoclasts. What is the most common complication of the pathology resulting from this process?

Pathologic fractures

Which precautions should a nurse include in the care plan for a client with leukemia and neutropenia?

Eliminate fresh fruits and vegetables, avoid using enemas, and practice frequent hand washing.

The nurse is teaching a client about the development of leukemia. What statement should be included in the teaching plan?

"Chronic leukemia develops slowly.

The nurse is teaching the client about consolidation. What statement should be included in the teaching plan?

"Consolidation therapy is administered to reduce the chance of leukemia recurrence."

Which statement indicates the client understands teaching about induction therapy for leukemia?

"I will be in the hospital for several weeks."

he nurse is teaching a client with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) about therapy. What statement should be included in the plan of care?

"Intrathecal chemotherapy is used primarily as preventive therapy."

A nurse is teaching a client with multiple myeloma about the therapeutic benefits of radiation therapy. Which statements will the nurse include in the teaching? Select all that apply.

"It helps to strengthen the bone." "It helps to decrease bone pain."

A client being treated for non-Hodgkin lymphoma asks the nurse why they need to be monitored for additional forms of leukemia. Which is the nurse's best response?

"These are seen among survivors like yourself."

A client is receiving chemotherapy for acute myeloid leukemia and has poor nutritional intake. What is the first action the nurse should take?

Ask, "Are you experiencing nausea?"

A client presents with peripheral neuropathy and hypoesthesia of the feet. What is the best nursing intervention?

Assess for signs of injury.

A patient with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is having hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) with radiation therapy. In which complication do the donor's lymphocytes recognize the patient's body as foreign and set up reactions to attack the foreign host?

Graft-versus-host disease

A client with AML has pale mucous membranes and bruises on the legs. What is the primary nursing intervention?

Assess the client's hemoglobin and platelets.

The nurse cares for a client with acute myeloid leukemia with severe bone pain. What pathophysiological concept does the nurse understand is the reason for the client's pain?

Bone marrow expands.

The nurse suspects that a client has multiple myeloma based on the client's major presenting symptom and the analysis of laboratory results. What classic symptom for multiple myeloma does the nurse assess for?

Bone pain in the back of the ribs

client is receiving radiation therapy for lesions in the abdomen from non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Because of the effects of the radiation treatments, what will the nurse assess for?

Diarrheal stools

A client with multiple myeloma is complaining about pain. What instructions will the nurse give the client to help to reduce pain during activity?

Do not lift more than 10 pounds.

The nurse is interacting with a family that has been caring for a client with cancer for several months. What are the best interventions to assist in relieving caregiver stress in this family? Select all that apply.

Educate the family about medications and side effects. Allow family members to express feelings. Suggest support for household maintenance.

A nurse prepares a client for a bone marrow biopsy who is suspected of having acute myeloid leukemia. What results from the bone marrow biopsy does the nurse expect?

Excess of immature leukocytes

A client with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) wants to have treatment for the condition. Which medication will the nurse question for this client?

Heparin

After chemotherapy for AML, what interventions will best help to prevent renal complications? Select all that apply.

Increase hydration. Administer allopurinol. Administer rasburicase.

A patient with AML is having aggressive chemotherapy to attempt to achieve remission. The patient is aware that hospitalization will be necessary for several weeks. What type of therapy will the nurse explain that the patient will receive?

Induction therapy

he nurse is administering packed red blood cell (RBC) transfusions for a patient with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). The patient has had several transfusions and is likely to receive several more. What is a priority for the nurse to monitor related to the transfusions?

Iron levels

Which term refers to a form of white blood cell involved in immune response?

Lymphocyte

client has been diagnosed with polycythemia vera. What is the best instruction for the nurse to give to this client?

Maintain adequate blood pressure control

The nurse is caring for a client with multiple myeloma. Why would it be important to assess this client for fractures?

Osteoclasts break down bone cells so pathologic fractures occur.

The hospitalized client is experiencing gastrointestinal bleeding with a platelets at 9,000/mm³. The client is receiving prednisone and azathioprine. What action will the nurse take?

Perform a neurologic assessment with vital signs

Which term refers to an abnormal decrease in white blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets?

Pancytopenia

A client who is being treated for AML has bruises on both legs. What is the nurse's most appropriate action?

Pathologic fractures

The nurse is performing an assessment on a patient with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and observes multiple areas of ecchymosis and petechiae. What laboratory study should the nurse be concerned about?

Platelet count of 9,000/mm3

The nurse recognizes the clinical assessment of a patient with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) includes observing for signs of infection early. What nursing action will most likely help prevent infection?

Practice vigilant handwashing

A client with multiple myeloma reports severe paresthesia in the feet. When planning care for the client, which priority nursing diagnosis will the nurse choose?

Risk for falls

client with multiple myeloma reports severe paresthesia in the feet. When planning care for the client, which priority nursing diagnosis will the nurse choose?

Risk for falls

The nurse is assessing a patent with polycythemia vera. What skin assessment data would the nurse determine is a normal finding for this patient?

Ruddy complexion

client with suspected multiple myeloma is reporting back pain. What is the priority nursing action?

Send the client for a spinal x-ray study

A client with multiple myeloma presents to the emergency department and reports excessive thirst and constipation. Family members report that the client has been confused for the last day. Which laboratory value is most likely responsible for this client's symptoms?

Serum calcium level 13.8 mg/dl

A client is newly diagnosed with Hodgkin lymphoma. The nurse understands that the client's treatment will be based on what concept?

Staging of disease

A client with polycythemia vera presents to the primary care clinic for an annual physical. Which health care provider prescriptions does the nurse recognize as preventive measures to prevent thrombosis in the client? Select all that apply.

Statin therapy Beta blocker therapy

The nurse is assessing several clients. Which client does the nurse determine is most likely to have Hodgkin lymphoma?

The client with enlarged lymph nodes in the neck.

A client with polycythemia vera reports gouty arthritis symptoms in the toes and fingers. What is the nurse's best understanding of the pathophysiological reason for this symptom?

The dead red blood cells release excess uric acid.

Which statement best describes the function of stem cells in the bone marrow?

They produce all blood cells.

For a client with Hodgkin lymphoma, who is at a risk for ineffective airway clearance and impaired gas exchange, the nurse places the client in a high Fowler's position to

increase lung expansion

The nurse is reviewing the long-term treatment plan with a client diagnosed with Hodgkin lymphoma. Which recommendations will the nurse provide to reduce the client's risk of developing secondary malignancies? Select all that apply.

Avoid excessive sunlight. Restrict use of tobacco. Reduce intake of alcohol.

A client with leukemia is experiencing recurrent fevers. Which actions will the nurse take to improve this client's comfort? Select all that apply.

Change bed clothes frequently. Provide acetaminophen as prescribe Sponge with cool water.

A client with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) receiving chemotherapy is treated for an acute renal injury. What is the nurse's best understanding of the pathophysiological reason behind the client's injury?

Chemotherapy causes an increase in kidney stone formation

When assessing a female client with a disorder of the hematopoietic or the lymphatic system, which assessment is most essential?

Health history, such as bleeding, fatigue, or fainting

A nurse plans care for a client with multiple myeloma. Using the CRAB acronym for symptoms associated with this disease, which clinical features does the nurse expect to find upon assessment of the client? Select all that apply.

Hypercalcemia Renal insufficiency Anemia Bone lesions

A nurse is caring for a client with multiple myeloma. Which laboratory value is the nurse most likely to see?

Hypercalcium

A client was admitted to the hospital with a pathologic pelvic fracture. The client informs the nurse that he has been having a strange pain in the pelvic area for a couple of weeks that was getting worse with activity prior to the fracture. What does the nurse suspect may be occurring based on these symptoms?

Multiple myeloma

The nurse cares for an older adult client with unprovoked back pain and increased serum protein. Which hematologic neoplasm does the nurse suspect the client has?

Multiple myeloma

A client with acute myeloid leukemia has a fever. What pathophysiological process does the nurse recognize is the cause of the client's fever?

Neutropenia

A client is taking dasatinib as prescribed. Which findings indicate to the nurse the client is experiencing adverse effects from this medication? Select all that apply.

Prolonged QT interval on electrocardiogram Chills Fever Decreased urine output

A home care nurse is caring for a client with multiple myeloma. Which nursing interventions are appropriate for this client? Select all that apply.

Monitor renal function Delay position changes and bathing if the client is experiencing pain. Instruct the client to avoid activities that may cause injury

The nurse is caring for a client with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) who is Philadephia chromosome negative. Which medications will the nurse anticipate providing to the client during initiation of pharmacological therapies? Select all that apply.

Vincristine Dexamethasone

client is being tested for acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The nurse knows that which diagnostic test will be used as the hallmark for the diagnosis?

Bone marrow analysis