CHP 4 NUT

The Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR) for carbohydrates is 45% to 65% of total calories. For an 1800 kilocalorie diet, how many grams of carbohydrates are recommended per day? A. 203-293 g B. 225-325 g C. 90-130 g D. 281-406 g

A. 203-293 g

What are all of the portions of a whole grain that are removed when it is refined? A. bran and germ B. endosperm, germ, and bran C. bran D. endosperm and bran

A. bran and germ

Which of these carbohydrates may contain glucose as well as other monosaccharides? A. fiber B. amylose C. amylopectin D. glycogen

A. fiber

The Health and Medicine Division classify fibers based on: A. whether they are naturally occurring versus extracted or synthesized. B. whether it comes from grains, nuts, and seeds versus fruits and vegetables. C. the impact on digestive health. D. water solubility.

A. whether they are naturally occurring versus extracted or synthesized. Correct. Fibers are classified as either dietary fiber (naturally occurring) or functional fiber (synthesized or extracted).

Colton is eating a bran muffin, and the Nutrition Facts for one muffin are 55 grams of total carbohydrate, 5 grams of dietary fiber, and 9 grams of sugars. There are _____ grams of digestible carbohydrates in the muffin. A. 64 B. 50 C. 46 D. 59

B. 50 Correct. Digestible carbohydrates include starch and sugar but not dietary fiber. This is calculated by taking Total Carbohydrates and subtracting Dietary Fiber, so 55 g - 5 g = 50 g.

Which of the following is a TRUE statement about glucagon? A. Its concentrations in blood will be low after an overnight fast. B. It stimulates the liver to increase glucose production. C. It stimulates the synthesis of glycogen in the liver. D. It stimulates muscle protein breakdown to release amino acids.

B. It stimulates the liver to increase glucose production

Which of these ingredients CANNOT be on the food label of a product that bears the "100% whole grain" stamp? A. high-fructose corn syrup B. bran C. hydrogenated oils D. salt

B. bran

Everett has constipation. He should eat _____ if he wants to increase his intake of fiber from whole grains. A. enriched pasta B. brown rice C. gluten-free bread D. multigrain bread made with enriched wheat

B. brown rice Correct. Brown rice is 100% whole grain

Processing grains removes the _____ and _____, leaving only the starchy portion of the grain. A. kernel; essential oils B. germ; bran C. endosperm; bran D. antioxidants; phytochemicals

B. germ; bran Correct. Processing grains removes the bran and germ, leaving the endosperm.

18. The risk for which of the following is NOT reduced with an increased intake of insoluble fiber? A. diverticular disease B. heart disease C. constipation D. type 2 diabetes

B. heart disease

Compared with whole grains, enriched grains in the United States contain: A. more B vitamins. B. less fiber. C. more magnesium. D. less starch.

B. less fiber. Correct. Whole grains contain less fiber since it is not routinely added to enriched grains.

Which of these choices list all the products of starch digestion by pancreatic amylase? A. maltose and glucose B. maltose and oligosaccharides C. glucose D. fructose and glucose

B. maltose and oligosaccharides

When trying to choose healthy whole-grain foods, the American Heart Association recommends one should look for a total carbohydrate to fiber ratio that is no more than: A. 8:1. B. 12:1. C. 10:1. D. 5:1.

C. 10:1.

Which of the following statements regarding alternative sweeteners is NOT true? A. Excess consumption of sorbitol can cause diarrhea. B. Sugar alcohols provide fewer calories than table sugar because they are poorly absorbed. C. Because aspartame is composed of two amino acids, it is considered a nutritive sweetener. D. Stevia is extracted from the leaves of a South American plant.

C. Because aspartame is composed of two amino acids, it is considered a nutritive sweetener.

Which of the following is NOT true regarding carbohydrate structure and function? A. Adequate carbohydrate consumption reduces the use of protein for energy. B.Carbohydrates provide the vast majority of energy needed by the brain under normal circumstances. C. Carbohydrates provide 9 kilocalories per gram. D. Carbohydrates are molecules made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.

C. Carbohydrates provide 9 kilocalories per gram.

Which of these is a characteristic of insoluble fiber? A. contributes to feelings of fullness B. thickens in the gastrointestinal tract C. contributes to fecal bulk to reduce constipation D. binds with bile to lower cholesterol levels

C. contributes to fecal bulk to reduce constipation Correct. Insoluble fiber contributes to fecal bulk and is the predominant type of fiber in the diet.

Which of these carbohydrates is NOT broken down by human enzymes? A. amylose B. glycogen C. fiber D. amylopectin

C. fiber

Which of the following is the sweetest of the simple carbohydrates? A. galactose B. sucrose C. fructose D. glucose

C. fructose

Adding sugars to foods: A. decreases both their energy density and nutrient density. B. increases both their energy density and nutrient density. C. increases their energy density and decreases nutrient density. D. decreases their energy density and increases nutrient density.

C. increases their energy density and decreases nutrient density.

Which enzyme completes the digestion of starch into absorbable units? A. sucrase B. lactase C. maltase D. amylose

C. maltase

Glycogen in _____ is broken down and released into blood when blood glucose is low. A. the small intestine B. the liver and muscle C. the liver D. muscle

C. the liver

Lina wants to know more about the carbohydrate content of the cereal options in her mom's pantry. What information can she interpret from the Nutrition Facts Panel? A. She can compare the percent Daily Value of the cereals' starch content. B. She can determine the quantity of types of dietary fiber each cereal contains. C. She can compare the gluten content of each cereal. D. She can identify which cereal has the least amount of sugars added during processing.

D. She can identify which cereal has the least amount of sugars added during processing. Correct. Added sugars are included in the latest revision of the Nutrition Facts Panel, making for an easy comparison.

Which of the following is NOT true about insulin? A. Insulin stimulates the synthesis of glycogen in both liver and muscle. B. Insulin promotes the synthesis of fat in liver and adipose tissue if excess glucose is available. C. Insulin is a hormone secreted by the pancreas. D. When blood glucose is high, insulin stimulates all cells to take up glucose from the blood.

D. When blood glucose is high, insulin stimulates all cells to take up glucose from the blood.

Which of the following foods in the protein category contains the most grams of carbohydrates? A. pistachios, 49 kernels B. peas, ¼ cup C. peanut butter, 1 tbsp D. black beans, ¼ cup

D. black beans, ¼ cup

Which choice correctly identifies all the substances that are depleted from whole grains when they are refined? A. fiber, vitamins, minerals, and phytochemicals B. fiber, vitamins, minerals, phytochemicals, and starch C. fiber, vitamins, and minerals D. fiber, vitamins, minerals, phytochemicals, and essential fatty acids

D. fiber, vitamins, minerals, phytochemicals, and essential fatty acids

Which of these choices lists all the sugars that can be absorbed without additional digestion? A. fructose, galactose, glucose, lactose, and sucrose B. glucose, lactose, and sucrose C. fructose, glucose, and sucrose D. fructose, galactose, and glucose

D. fructose, galactose, and glucose

Which of the following foods is NOT a good source of soluble fiber? A. avocados B. barley C. beans D. wheat

D. wheat