Chp 7 penny questions

6. A bulge on the lateral border of the kidney is referred to as:

. Dromedary hump

7. The most common congenital anomaly of the urinary tract is:

. Duplicated collecting system

2. The kidneys are:

. Retroperitoneal organs

13. The inherited disorder associated with the development of tumors of the central nervous system & orbits, renal cysts, & adrenal tumors is:

. von Hippel-Lindau syndrome

22. Chronic use of hemodialysis can result in: polycystic

Acquired renal cystic disease

14. Which of the following is the most common cause of acute renal failure? Hypertension Diabetes mellitus Autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease Acute tubular necrosis

Acute tubular necrosis

20. What is the most common clinical finding of a simple renal cyst?

Asymptomatic

28. Which of the following renal conditions is associated with the development of cysts within the pancreas and liver? Autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease Autosomal dominant polycystic disease Multicystic dysplastic kidney disease Acquired renal cystic disease

Autosomal dominant polycystic disease

17. Infantile polycystic kidney disease may also be referred to as

Autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease

18. Which of the following best describes the sonographic appearance of a kidney affected by autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease? Bilateral enlarged, echogenic kidneys Unilateral, smooth-walled, noncommunicating cysts of varying sizes located within the renal

Bilateral enlarged, echogenic kidneys

24. The most common cause of fungal urinary tract infections is:

Candida albicans

5. Enlargement of the unaffected contralateral kidney with unilateral renal agenesis or compromised renal function is referred to as:

Compensatory hypertrophy

12. Renal cysts that project out away from the kidney are termed:

Cortical

9. All of the following are clinical findings of acute renal failure except: Hematuria Hypertension Oliguria Decreased BUN and creatinine

Decreased BUN and creatinine

10. Which of the following is the most common cause of chronic renal failure? Hypertension Diabetes mellitus Autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease Acute tubular necrosis

Diabetes mellitus Autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease

16. Which of the following renal findings would most likely present with a clinical finding of hematuria? Hemorrhagic renal cyst Milk of calcium renal cyst Simple renal cyst Angiomyolipoma

Hemorrhagic renal cyst

25. Clinical findings of glomerulonephritis include all of the following except Proteinuria Throat infection Hypercalcemia

Hypercalcemia

4. The vessel located anterior to the abdominal aorta and posterior to the superior mesenteric artery is the:

Left renal vein

1. What is the functional unit of the kidney?

Nephrorn

8. What is the most common location of an ectopic kidney?

Pelvis

23. The presence of purulent material within the renal collecting system is termed:

Pyonephrosis

3. The protective capsule of the kidney is referred to as:

Renal capsule

11. Sonographically, compared to normal kidneys, those affected by chronic renal failure will appear:

Smaller in size and more echogenic

15. All of the following are characteristics of a complex cyst except: Internal echoes Smooth walls Mural nodules Septations

Smooth walls

29. A stone that completely fills the renal pelvis referred to as a:

Staghorn calculus

19. The systemic disorder associated with epilepsy that leads to the development of solid tumors in various organs including angiomyolipomas of the kidneys is:

Tuberous sclerosis

21. Which of the following is not considered an extrinsic cause of hydronephrosis? a. Ureteral stricture b. Pregnancy c. Neurogenic bladder d. Uterine leiomyoma

Ureteral stricture

30. Which of the following locations is the most common location for a urolithiasis to become lodged?Ureteropelvic Midureter Urethra Ureterovesicular junction

Ureterovesicular junction

26. Which of the following is not considered an intrinic cause of hydronephrosis? Ureterocele Urethritis Urolithiasis Ureteropelvic junction obstruction

Urethritis

27. Clinical findings of nephrocalcinosis include all of the following except: Urinary tract infections Urinary calculi Hyperparathyroidism Weight loss

Weight loss