Chpt 13 & 14 Quizzes

List and describe two health organizations at the national level

CDC, PHS, FEMA, FDA, NIH

_________________, clean water, ________________, _________________, and antibiotics are the major factors in control of microbial disease.

Sanitation, food safety, immunizations

In the 19th century, London was plagued by outbreaks of a. Black Death b. cholera c. smallpox d. plague

b. cholera

PHS stands for __________________.

Public Health Service

Rotary International is committed to the eradication of A. AIDS. B. polio. C. tuberculosis. D. malaria.

b. polio

The Kampung Improvement Program focused on a. immunization programs b. sanitation and clean water c. AIDS eradication d. antibiotic availability

b. sanitation and clean water

What country has the highest life expectancy in the world? a. USA b. Finland c. France d. Monaco

d. Monaco

Which of the following may carry bacterial antibiotic resistance genes? a. Transpoons b. plasmids c. chromosomes d. all of the above

d. all of the above

The most resistant type of microbes to disinfection is?

prions

Name two essential characteristics of microbes that must be handled using biosafety level four containment?

there is neither a cure nor a vaccine available

The role of the CDC is to act as the nation's _____________.

watchdog

What is the significance of "horizontal gene transfer" in the spread of antibiotic resistance?

Bacteria can become resistant to antibiotics by cell-to-cell transfer of DNA (horizontal gene transfer) where susceptible bacteria acquire pre-existing resistance genes from antibiotic resistant bacteria

Provide three methods of disinfection with one example.

chemical-heavy metals such as mercury and silver; physical- heat (pasteurization); and biology (burial)

Food and water contaminated with _______________ is a major cause of disease

feces

__________________ is a mechanism by which genes are passed from one mature bacterial cell to another

horizontal gene therapy

The Carter Center is an example of what type of organization? A. community organization B. nongovernmental organization C. international organization D. national governmental organization

B. nongovernmental organization

Malaria eradication seemed possible 50 years ago but was unsuccessful mainly due to a. the lack of a vaccine b. the lack of drugs available to fight the disease c. the emergence of drug-resistant parasites and mosquitoes d. the lack of money

c. the emergence of drug-resistant parasites and mosquitoes

In the 1880's the germ theory of disease linking sanitation to microbial disease was made by Louis Pasteur and _______________. a. Alexander Fleming b. Selman Waksman c. Edward Jenner d. Robert Koch

d. Robert Koch

Surveillance and control of infectious diseases are the responsibilities of A. individuals. B. local health departments. C. WHO. D. all of the above.

d. all of the above

The Carter Center has committed itself to eradicating A. guinea worm disease. B. onchocerciasis. C. filariasis. D. all of the above.

d. all of the above

The attainment of health involves partnerships at a. the community level b. the national level c. the international level d. all of the above

d. all of the above

The novel by Upton Sinclair in 1906 tried to portray which sanitary health issue?

Meatpacking (slaughter houses)

"Health for all by the year 2000" is a slogan popularized by_____________________.

World Health Assembly

The outbreak verification program is associated with which organization?___________________________

WHO

Why are partnerships so helpful in preventing infectious disease? Cite two examples

Because the potential burden of infectious diseases is too enormous to be handled without teamwork. Partnerships are the key to further success in reducing burden of microbial diseases by responding without delay to populations endangered by the ravages of disease as a consequence of floods, earthquakes, and other natural disasters. Examples: The earthquake in India, the SARS epidemic in China, the tsunami in Indonesia, Ebola outbreak in central Congo, Hurricane Katrina in the U.S., and the cholera outbreak in Zimbabwe

Which organization maintains the "green sheet" as a travel advisory?__________________

CDC

Which organization specializes in sending "SWAT" teams of epidemiologists into the field, in response to infectious disease outbreaks?______________________________________

CDC

What does CDC stand for?_________________________

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

Name the organization whose slogan is "Helping People, before, during, and after Disaster." __________________________________

FEMA

The misuse of antibiotics is now a major public health problem. Describe examples of "misuse." What do you recommend towards the solution?

Failure to complete dose (for different reasons in developed and developing countries); physicians prescribing antibiotics when viruses are suspected; "demanding" public insisting on antibiotics

Sanitation is an important public health achievement in the past century. Write a short paragraph on this topic.

Open ended. For example, "sanitation promotes cleanliness, which, in turn, minimizes the risks of microbial disease through reduction in filth and squalor. The development of sewage systems for the safe disposal of human wastes is a top priority. Provision of "clean" water is imperative.

What is the mechanism of activity of penicillin? a. interference with metabolic activity b. interference with nucleic acid synthesis c. interference with cell wall synthesis d. interference with protein synthesis

c. interference with cell wall synthesis

Which organization is charged with assisting communities in coping with natural disasters? A. FEMA B. PHS C. FDA D. CDC

a. FEMA

Which of the following is an antiviral agent? a. Tamiflu b. Penicillin c. Streptomycin d. all of the above

a. Tamiflu

The second cause of child mortality after pneumonia is? a. diarrheal diseases b. HIV c. malaria d. tuberculosis

a. diarrheal diseases

Which of these viral diseases is NOT on the list for potential eradication by the ITFDE? A. influenza B. mumps C. polio D. rubella

a. influenza

The most common cause of single food product foodborne outbreak are associated with? a. poultry b. pork c. dairy d. fish

a. poultry

It has been stated that control of lethal diseases was due to all of the following EXCEPT a. urban improvements b. public health c. curative medicine d. superior nutrition

c. curative medicine