Chpt 13 Pt 3: Spinal Cord
ANTERIOR GRAY HORN
polio attacks the ____ of the spinal cord
membranes
remember, words ending in -ium or -lema relate to ____
to, from
sensory neurons go TO/FROM the CNS TO/FROM an affector (receptor)
white matter, POSTERIOR GRAY HORN, INTER, white, POSTERIOR GRAY HORN, A SOMATIC MOTOR
sensory neurons going to the spinal cord can take 3 paths: (1) into the ____ then to the brain; (2) into the _____ through an ____ neuron into the ___ matter and then up to the brain; (3) into the ____ and synapse with _____ neuron involved in spinal reflex
SHOCK ABSORBER and ION EXCHANGER
the CSF functions as a ____ and an ____
CENTRAL CANAL, BRAIN VENTRICLES and ARACHNOID SPACE
the CSF is found in the _____, ______ and ______
FILTRATION OF THE BLOOD
the CSF is made from ______
descending
the DESCENDING/ASCENDING tracts in the spinal cord are motor.
ascending
the DESCENDING/ASCENDING tracts in the spinal cord are sensory
white
the GRAY/WHITE matter in the spinal cord consists mainly of myelinated axons.
FILUM TERMINALE, CAUDA EQUINE
the ____ and ____ arise from the conus medularis
ANTERIOR MEDIAN FISSURE, POSTERIOR MEDIAN SULCUS
the _____ and _____ partially divide the spinal cord into right and left sides
ANTERIOR GRAY HORNS
the _______ contain cell bodies of the somatic motor neurons.
POSTERIOR (DORSAL) GANGLION
the _______ contains cell bodies of incoming sensory neurons to the CNS
TRACTS
the bundles of axons in the white matter of the spinal cord are called ____
biggest, LIMBS, biggest, more
the gray matter at the top of the spinal cord is SMALLEST/BIGGEST because these nerves serve the ___. the white matter in the upper spinal cord is SMALLEST/BIGGEST because there are FEWER/MORE tracts in the upper spinal cord.
GRAY COMMISSURE
the gray matter forms a letter H and the crossbar of the H is called the ______
CELL BODIES, UNMYELINATED AXONS, DENDRITES, AND NEUROGLIA
the gray matter in the spinal cord consists mainly of ____, ______, _____ and ______.
white, median fissure, median sulcus
the groves in the spinal cord's GRAY/WHITE matter that divide it into right and left sides are called the anterior ______ and the posterior ____
THORACIC AND UPPER LUMBAR (i.e. the middle of the spinal column)
the lateral gray horns are present only in the ______ SEGMENTS
AUTONOMIC MOTOR NUCLEI
the lateral gray horns contain ______ which regulate the CARDIAC AND SMOOTH MUSCLES AND GLANDS
INTERNEURONS (ASSOCIATION NEURONS), SENSORY NEURONS
the posterior gray horns (in the gray matter) have CELL BODIES AND AXONS OF ____ and AXONS OF ____
ANTERIOR GREY HORN, ANTERIOR ROOT, effector
the somatic motor neurons leave the spinal column through the _____ in the spinal cord, then through the _____ to enter the spinal nerve which finally go to the ____.
does not
the spinal cord DOES/DOES NOT have lateral grey horn throughout its length
the limbs
the spinal enlargements are points of origin for nerves to ___ part of body
PERIPHERAL
the spinal nerves are in the _____ nervous system
SENSORY RECEPTORS, MUSCLES, and GLANDS
the spinal nerves connect the CNS to ____ , ____ and _____ all over the body
central canal, CSF
the the channel (hole cross section) in the gray commissure is the ____that contains ____
white commissure
the white matter directly anterior to the gray commissure is called the _____
SOMATIC MOTOR
_____ _____ neurons (cell bodies of which are found in the anterior gray horns) provide nerve impulses for CONTRACTION of SKELETAL MUSCLES.
ANTERIOR ROOT, SPINAL NERVE, (2nd) AUTONOMIC MOTOR NEURON, PNS
after the autonomic motor neuron leaves the gray horns (spinal cord) it goes through the ____, and enters the _____ before synapsing with a _____, this time in the CNS/PNS reaching the effector.
SMOOTH OR CARDIAC, glands, LATERAL GRAY HORN, ANTERIOR GRAY HORN
autonomic motor neurons of the spinal cord (which start impulses that ultimately go to ______ muscle or ___) first go from the _____ in the spinal cord to the ____
AXONS
bundles of ____ in the CNS are called tracts
AXONS
bundles of ____ in the PNS are called nerves
TRACTS
bundles of axons in the CNS are called ____
NERVES
bundles of axons in the PNS are called ____
NUCLEI
clusters of neuron cell bodies in the CNS are called _____
effector
motor or efferent neurons go to an _____
white, somatic motor, interneurons, somatic motor
motor output from the brain goes through the GRAY/WHITE matter of the spinal cord and either synapse directly with ____ neurons or indirectly through _____ which then synapse with _____ neurons
somatic motor, ANTERIOR GRAY HORN
motor output from the spinal cord to skeletal muscles involve _____ neurons of the _____ area of the spinal cord.
thicker, added to, top, leave, gray matter, down
the white matter is THINNER/THICKER in the upper spinal cord for 2 reasons: (1) sensory neurons are TAKEN AWAY/ADDED TO at the ___ of the spinal cord and (3) motor neurons ___ the white matter going into the ____ as they go UP/DOWN the spinal cord.
columns, horns
the white matter is divided into ___ and the gray matter into _____
3, ANTERIOR (VENTRAL), POSTERIOR (DORSAL) AND LATERAL COLUMNS
the white matter is divided into ___ columns: called the ______