CIS Chapter 3

Five Components of DBMS

DBMS includes the following: 1.) DBMS engine 2.) Data definition subsystem 3.) Data manipulation subsystem 4.) Application generation subsystem 5.) Data administration subsystem

Integrity constraints

These are rules that help ensure the quality of information within a database. Examples are the usage of a data dictionary to define what type of information goes into a field and foreign keys that specify that more information exists in a second table that the foreign key references.

Data-mining tools

These are software tools that are used in a data warehouse environment to get useful information from the data that has been collected. Some of these tools include Query-and-reporting tools, artificial intelligence, multidimensional analysis tools, digital dashboards, and statistical tools.

Query-and-reporting tools

These tools are similar to SQL, and report generators for processing information.

DBMS engine

This accepts logical requests and converts them into the physical equivalents, and it also accesses the database and data dictionary on a storage device.

Data Dictionary

This contains the logical structure for the information in a database. It describes what information is stored in the database.

Business Intelligence (BI)

This describes the collective information that gives you the ability to make effective, important, and strategic business decisions.

Online Analytical Processing (OLAP)

This describes the manipulation of information to support decision making. The purpose of this is to help build business intelligence (BI) and it is supported by data warehouses and data-mining tools.

Online transaction processing (OLTP)

This describes the process of gathering and processing information and updating existing information to reflect the processed information. The process supports operational processing by handling sales orders, accounts receivable, etc. The processing is supported by operational databases and DBMSs.

Data warehouse

This is a collection of information from many places that supports business analysis activities and decision making. It helps build and work with BI and other forms of knowledge. Characteristics include that it is Multidimensional, or has rows, columns, and layers and supports decision making by only including summaries of information instead of details.

Database

This is a collection of information that you organize and access according to the logical structure of the information. Some characteristics of this are that they are collections of information, created with logical structures, include logical ties within the information, and they include built-in integrity constraints.

Primary Key

This is a field (or group of fields) that uniquely describe each record. In order for a database to store unique records, this field (or group) must be unique.

Foreign Key

This is a primary key of one file that appears in another file. For example, if a database is storing information on cars, then it contains a serial number for a specific engine, the serial number would be the primary key in the specific engine file, but is used as this term in the cars file.

Data administration

This is the business function that plans for, oversees the development of, and monitors the information resource

Analytics

This is the science of fact-based decision making

Structured Query Language (SQL)

This is the standardized fourth-generation query language found in most DBMSs. It has a sentence structure that is equivalent to QBE and is mostly used by IT professionals.

Security Management

This process describes the permissions allowed to users and other systems for create, read, update, and delete (CRUD)

Database Management System (DBMS)

This system helps you specify the logical requirements for a database and access to that database as well as the use of information within the database; it manages the database. It can be broken into five components.

Digital dashboard

This tool displays key information on a computer screen tailored to the needs and wants of an individual. This key information is usually a set of KPIs.

Relational Database

This type of database is a series of logically related two-dimensional tables or files for storing information. It is the most popular database model because it describes the relationship between information that is stored in the database.