CIS chapter 7

Corporate performance

Sixth of EPEAT Criteria - Corporate performance means that a manufacturer must demonstrate a sound corporate environmental policy consistent with International Organization for Standardization and have selfcertified environmental management systems for in place for the design and manufacturing.

Chief Information Officers

(CIOs) - In charge of all of a business's computer assets, are in charge of budgeting for all facets of information technology and computer use, but all agree in green computing.

Environmental Protection Agency

(EPA) funded a grant that developed the Electronic Product Environmental Assessment Tool or EPEAT for short managed by the Green Electronics Council (GEC)

Green Computing Business Plan misc.

-Baseline Considerations: • Organizational Policies and Procedures • Best Practice Considerations • Long‐term, Sustainability Considerations • Reduction of Power Usage and Paper Consumption • Recycling Policies and Procedures • Used Computer Software and Hardware Disposal • Governmental Guidelines (EPEAT & Energy Star®) • Green Computer Equipment Purchasing Recommendations -Benefits: • Responsible Recycling • Follow EPEAT and Energy Star® Guidelines • Decrease or Eliminate Paper Consumption • Economic Considerations

Telecommuting

A work arrangement where employees benefit from flexibility in working location and hours. Telecommuting typically does not require an employee to physically commute to a central location to work and is replaced by some form of computer telecommunication link, like the Internet. One of the main benefits of telecommuting is that it typically reduces an employee's "carbon footprint."

Like many issues, the discussion of whether global warming exists requires...

Balance, Media and Critical Thought

Greenhouse effect

Burning fossil fuels creates CO2 which builds up and slows the escape of heat into space

Economic Considerations

Business plans must demonstrate clear economic benefits to become sustainable corporate policies and procedures.

Intel® and AMD®

Central Processing Unit (CPU) manufacturers

Hewlett-Packard

Claims their computers produce less heat and reduce cooling energy by 15% to 30%, and use up to 75% less energy in Sleep mode.

Dell

Claims their computers use 25% less energy than they did only a few years ago

Challenges in Business'

Concerned with overall energy costs and ways to reduce them, carbon production in the computer manufacturing process as well as regulations on power consumption and waste.

Energy Conservation

Eigth of EPEAT Criteria - Energy conservation asks manufacturers to adopt the government's Energy Star® specifications.

EPEAT

Electronic Product Environmental Assesment Tool - evaluates electronic products, many of which are business computers relative to 51 environmental criteria, 23 of the criteria are required and 28 of the criteria are optional.

Power Conversion Standards

Energy Star® standards require a PC to enter Sleep mode after 30 minutes of inactivity and a monitor to enter Sleep mode after 15 minutes of inactivity

"80 Plus" standard

Energy Star® standards required that a PC's power supply convert 65% of its AC power into DC current, and revised that standard in 2007 to 80%.

Energy Star®

Energy Star®, introduced in 1992 by the EPA, is a voluntary labeling program designed to identify and promote energy-efficient products, like business computers, to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

End of life management

Fifth of EPEAT Criteria - End of life management asks manufacturers to make provisions to take their product back at the end of the product's life cycle.

Reduction or elimination of environmentally sensitive materials

First of EPEAT Criteria - EPEAT encourages manufacturers to reduce the amount of chemicals or eliminate them altogether whether in the manufacturing process or when the computer is discarded.

Product longevity/life cycle extension

Fourth of EPEAT Criteria - Encourage manufacturers to make extended warranties available to their consumers so their products last longer, and also to design the product so it can be upgraded with common tools.

EPEAT is managed by the...

GEC

GEC

Green Electronics Council - Manages EPEAT

Green PC

Include energy‐efficient power supplies (most important) and power supplies and processors that consume minimum amounts of electricity. They attempt to do away with or at least minimize environmentally harmful components and make use of aluminum or plastic parts made from post-consumer, recycled materials.

Follow EPEAT and Energy Star® Guidelines

Include the bronze, silver, and gold EPEAT logos, as well as Energy Star® seals, for computer purchasing criteria to evaluate, compare, and select computers.

EPEAT Criteria

Reduction or elimination of environmentally sensitive materials, Materials selection, Design for end of life, Product longevity/life cycle extension, End of life management, Corporate performance, Packaging & Energy Conservation.

Responsible Recycling

Reusing paper is a good start, but in information technology, recycling involves discarding old computers in very conscientious ways because they are filled with harmful chemicals and toxins.

National Center for Atmospheric Research

Scientists look at computer climate models to predict future climate change and by their own admission claim that these models are extremely unreliable even with current climate data

Materials selection

Second of EPEAT Criteria - informs the consumer of the percentage of recycled plastics.

Packaging

Seventh of EPEAT Criteria - Packaging criteria requires computer and electronics manufacturers to reduce or eliminate intentionally added toxins in packaging as well as having separable packing materials with a declaration of recycled content.

Three PC modes

The EnergyStar® program's main focus for manufacturers

Sleep Mode

The PC mode that is a special low power mode where power to certain low and areas of the computer are shut off after a designated period of time. -PC uses 4 watts; laptop uses about 1.5.

Standby Mode

The PC mode that is when a computer turns off automatically when it has not been used for a specific amount of time designated by the user. -PC uses 2 watts; laptop uses 1 watt.

Active Use

The PC mode that means a computer is on and being used. -PC uses 50 watts; laptop uses 14.

Decrease or Eliminate Paper Consumption

The easiest way to decrease or eliminate paper consumption is simply to not print documents, ever.

Green Computing Business Plan

The idea that businesses can become environmentally friendly, more profitable, and socially responsible through well‐thought out implementations of sustainable policies and procedures.

"Carbon Footprint"

The measure of the impact human activities have on the environment relative to the amount of greenhouse gases produced, measured in units of carbon dioxide.

Energy Efficiency

The most imortant factor in a Green PC

Green Computing

The practice of using computing resources efficiently while reducing the use of hazardous materials, maximizing energy efficiency, promoting the recyclability of defunct products, and reducing factory waste during the computer's manufacturing process. It is a necessity.

Design for end of life

Third of EPEAT Criteria - Design for end of life means that computer manufacturers, as well as all electronics manufacturers, inform their consumers about the special handling needs while disposing of their product when it is no longer useful.

Energy Star® is a joint program of...

U.S. Department of Energy and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) which attempts to help businesses and consumers save money and protect the environment by identifying energy efficient products and practices.