Civil war begins

How and when did the civil war start?

April 12th, 1861 Since Lincoln resupplied their fort, they thought it was a surprise attack so the confederates attacked fort Sumter.

On-------,----- a -----fleet led by --- ----captured --- ---. This lowered ---morale and helped cut the----in two.

April 25, 1862 Union David Farragut New Orleans Southern South

What advantages did the north have at the beginning of the war?

A real government Factory supplies A lot of railroad mileage Telegraph lines Lots of money Bigger population Naval yards

---------, 1861 forces commanded by----clashed with------forces led by----near a creek called--- --- which came to be known as ------

July 21 Union General McDowell Confederate General Beauregard Bull run The first battle of bull run

----forces captured ---- ----river forts. this opened up a river highway into the----. ------gunboats could travel on the river

Grant's two confederate south Union

---was divided, however, a---invasion prompted---to stay in the---.

KY confederate KY union

----followed to ----- ----where he waited for more troops

Grant Pittsburg Landing

when---joined the confederacy,---- - --- resigned from the U.S. army and joined the -----

VA Robert e. lee confederacy

---General ----was killed and command was passed to general ----- ---

Confederate Johnston Pierre Beauregard

-----was split. the newly formed ----returned to the----.

VA WV union

by late August, ----won a second time at--- --

Confederates Bull Run

--,--,--, and-- were border states that were also slave states.

DE MD KY MO

What was the anaconda plan?

Designed to smother the souths economy like a giant anaconda snake squeezing its prey; called for a naval blockade of the souths coastline; called to gain control of the Mississippi River which would split the confederacy into two

---- - ------,------commander ordered a retreat to --.

Albert S. Johnston Confederate MS

Why did so many people volunteer to fight in the civil war?

- loyalty to that side - got money if they enrolled North: abolish slavery; farmers craved adventure because they lived boring lives South: wanted states rights and slavery

what were the four reasons for Lee to take the war to the North?

1. Thought it would give VA farmers a rest from war during harvest season 2. Could take food from Northern farms 3. Hoped that a Confederate victory in the North might force Lincoln to talk peace 4. Would show that the Confederacy could win the war, and convince Europe to side with the South

September 17, ----- -----army attacked --- army- the Battle of----which was the bloodiest day in all of American history. ----- men were dead or wounded by nightfall. ---- withdrew to --. ---- did not follow, missing his chance to finish off the ---army. --- fired --- in ----- ---.

1862 McClellan's Lee's Antietam 25,000 Lee VA McClellan Southern Lincoln McClellan November 1862

---days after the----of -- ---, --- ---asked the ---- states to provide ---------militiamen for --- days to put down the uprising in the -----

2 surrender fort sumter president lincoln union 75,000 90 south

-----states made up the------and---joined the----

24 union 11 confederacy

---days battles- from --- -- to ---- -

7 June 25 July 1

-----of the nation's factories were located in the----

85% North

Why did the civil war start?

It started because the south was proslavery and the north was antislavery and Lincoln became president and he was antislavery so the south (proslavery) seceded and created a new nation.

-----did not wait for----reinforcements to come and surprised ---troops with an attack near ---- ----.

Johnston Grants Union Shiloh Church

---sent -- --- and his cavalry to spy on ---- and the ---soldiers

Lee Jeb Stuart McClellan Union

---crossed the --- with his army and invaded -- in early --- ---

Lee Potomac MD September 1862

--- attacked, the army of northern -- suffered heavier losses but it forced ----army to retreat

Lee VA McClellan's

-----ordered supplies to be sent.

Lincoln

-----sent the 90-day militiamen home and called for a real army of-------volunteers for -------years

Lincoln 500,000 3

After invading --, ----drew up plans for his campaign in the ---. Left behind by a ---- officer and found by a ----soldier. Captured plans were given to----- which gave the----army a chance o stop---and his army

MD Lee North Confederate Union McClellan Union Lee

Keeping--in the---was important because if they---- then --- ---would be cut off from the---

MD Union seceded Washington, D.C. Union

---and--stayed in the---.

MO DE union

To take---the---army would have to defeat the---troops stationed in-----

Richmond Union Confederate Manassas, VA

The battle of----in--turned into the fiercest fighting in the civil war.

Shiloh TN

Battle of----was a ---victory, however, they lost over -------men

Shiloh Union 13,000

At the battle of ---, Confederates lost over -----soldiers

Shiloh11,000

What were the war strategies of the two sides?

South: defensive at first and wanted Britain and France to back them up. North: ships+naval blockade (anaconda plan)

How did the use of rifles and Minie Ball bullet change war tactics?

They hurt more, bullets went further so soldiers could stand further away, more accurate, usually 1 shot 1 kill

How could people on both sides of the civil war believe that they were being good citizens by fighting?

They were supporting their side and they thought they were supporting the constitution. North: save Union; preserve the democracy; abolish slavery South: keep their property; keep slavery; wanted states rights; wanted to be independent and make their own decisions

---- - ----- was a victorious ---general in the---

Ulysses S. Grant Union West

During the night----boats brought more troops to----camp.----led an attack at dawn and forced the exhausted ----to retreat.

Union Grant's Grant Confederates

--- General--- ---- ---had - horses shot out from under him

Union William Tecumseh Sherman 3

The-----of General----and Admiral----left only ---miles of the------ -----to the South. The ----- was well on their way to achieving its goal of cutting the ----in two.

Victories Grant Farragut 150 Mississippi River Union Confederacy

At first, the---took a ----position

confederacy defensive

the-----attacked----- --- at 4:30 a.m. on --- ---,1861

confederacy fort sumter April 12

-------victory in the first battle of bull run thrilled the ----- and shocked the----

confederate south north

as new troops arrived, the----equaled the-----forces in number

confederates union

--- ----in the harbor of------,---- ---- was running out of supplies

fort Sumter charleston South Carolina

----made-----general in chief of the entire----army

lincoln McClellan Union

the----had the advantage of----and----

manpower resources

almost all of the--- --- and----belonged to the-----

naval power shipyards north

the----realized it had underestimated its opponent

north

----had more than----the--- ---- than the----

north double railroad mileage South

the----withheld ----from the market in the hopes--- and----will come to the aid of the----cause

south cotton France Britain confederate

as the war heated up, the----changed from its cautious plan to take the----

south offensive

the-----greatest asset was ---- -----

union's president lincoln