CJUS 204 Final
Bail bondsmen/women are obligated to post bail for:
they are not under any obligation to post bail for anyone
A bench trial is where a judge decides the case. (T/F)
True
A bifurcated trial is mandatory in a capital murder case. (T/F)
True
A factual basis for the guilty plea must be ascertained by a judge before any plea bargain can be approved. (T/F)
True
ADR is a civil alternative to a criminal proceeding. (T/F)
True
An extralegal factor is race. (T/F)
True
An informal, community based program to remove certain crimes from criminal courts and dispose of them by civil means is alternative dispute resolution. (T/F)
True
Bail bonds are sureties that are intended to guarantee one's subsequent appearance in court to face criminal charges. (T/F)
True
Courts of limited jurisdiction have monetary limits for making awards. (T/F)
True
Decriminalization means to legalize something that was once prohibited. (T/F)
True
Good-time credit is most relevant for determinate sentencing schemes. (T/F)
True
In Furman v. Georgia, the US Supreme Court declared the death penalty unconstitutional due to the manner in which it was being administered. (T/F)
True
Indeterminate sentencing has been gradually replaced by determinate and presumptive sentencing schemes. (T/F)
True
Jury trials are granted for persons in petty cases, provided that the possible punishment for the offense alleged is imprisonment beyond six months. (T/F)
True
Juvenile delinquency is any act committed by a juvenile which, if committed by an adult, would be a crime. (T/F)
True
Lawyers who belong to the American Bar Association adhere to the ABA Model Code of Professional Responsibility. (T/F)
True
Many persons in jails and prisons have mental health issues. (T/F)
True
Nonpartisan elections involve candidates who are needed to fill judicial vacancies regardless of their political affiliation. (T/F)
True
Parens patriae is an old English doctrine meaning that the King assumes the responsibility for the youths of his country. (T/F)
True
Partisan elections are popular methods of judicial selection. (T/F)
True
Plea bargaining does not involve a formal trial proceeding. (T/F)
True
Plea bargaining occurs in the United States in about 90 percent of all criminal cases. (T/F)
True
Prosecutors and defense attorneys are permitted an unlimited number of challenges for cause. (T/F)
True
Prosecutors and defense attorneys have a limited number of peremptory challenges when rejecting prospective jurors. (T/F)
True
Selective chivalry hypotheses pertain to special consideration given to white females who have been charged with crimes. (T/F)
True
Stigmatization is avoided through mediation. (T/F)
True
The United States has roughly ¼ (25%) of the world's prisoners (T/F)
True
The adversarial nature of the criminal court system involves arguments between prosecutors and defense counsels. (T/F)
True
The case where the minimum jury size was set involved the showing of an X-rated film during trial. (T/F)
True
The defendant's sentencing memorandum is the defendant's version of events. (T/F)
True
The first juvenile court was established in Illinois in 1899. (T/F)
True
The subject matter of Kent v. United States concerned a transfer to criminal court. (T/F)
True
The value of stolen property determines which court has jurisdiction. (T/F)
True
more than six months.
The standard for determining whether one should be granted a jury trial is whether the defendant stands a chance of receiving a sentence of:
The adversary system
The system of alleging charges against criminal defendants and defending them against such charges is called:
There are 51 different court structures in the United States. (T/F)
True
When witnesses are interviewed prior to a criminal trial, the process is known as a deposition. (T/F)
True
adversary system
The system of justice which pits the prosecution against the defense in a search for the truth is called:
greater release certainty.
A primary objective of determinate sentencing is to provide prisoners with:
Subject matter jurisdiction has to do with the political boundaries where a crime has been committed. (T/F)
False
The Canon of Professional Ethics was developed by the American Bar Association in 1990. (T/F)
False
denied
A disparate sentence is one where the judge rules in such a way so that one's right to equal treatment is:
Batson v. Kentucky
A landmark case arguing the constitutionality of striking prospective jurors because of race is:
prior criminal history
A legal factor used by a judge in sentencing would be the defendants:
social control
A nonlegal method of resolving a disagreement is known as:
not many attorneys
About half of all jurisdictions use a system to appoint public defenders to represent indigent clients. One of these is the assigned-counsel system. This is used most often in jurisdictions where there are:
The Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974 advocated the removal of delinquents from secure facilities. (T/F)
False
Law has what dimensions?
All of the above
Social change may involve: All of the above
All of the above
The law has been used to regulate: All of the above
All of the above
excessive bail, judicial discretion in granting bail, and bail for indigent defendants
Among the issues addressed by the Bail Reform Act of 1984 were:
socioeconomic status , race, and gender
An extralegal factor is:
The Victims of Crime Act of 1984 abolished restitution. (T/F)
False
The adversarial system is rooted in French jurisprudence. (T/F)
False
The federal court system is made up of only the U.S. Supreme Court. (T/F)
False
a state issue
As the result of the Dred Scott case, citizenship was:
The right to a speedy trial is guaranteed under the Fourteenth Amendment. (T/F)
False
Persons are dangerous and likely to cause serious bodily injury to others if freed, Persons pose a danger to themselves if freed, and Persons are likely to flee the jurisdiction.
Bail may be denied under the following circumstances:
The right to counsel is governed by the Eighth Amendment. (T/F)
False
The standard of proof in juvenile proceedings where one's freedom is in jeopardy is "preponderance of the evidence. (T/F)
False
Trials by the judge are most often conducted in petty offense cases. (T/F)
False
subject matter jurisdiction.
Courts which are restricted concerning the types of cases they will hear are classified according to:
The Rules of Criminal Procedure
Criminal courts are guided in the conduct of their cases by which rules?
initial appearance
Defendants are first advised of criminal charges against them following their arrest during a proceeding known as a(an):
jury trials
Duncan v. Louisiana pertained to:
social control
Efforts by a society to regulate the behavior of its members is:
Victims have no input in sentencing hearings. (T/F)
False
Eighth Amendment
Excessive bail is prohibited by the:
A bifurcated trial is a three part trial used in death penalty cases. (T/F)
False
A convicted offender is forbidden from commenting about or adding to a PSI report at the time of the sentencing hearing. (T/F)
False
All indigent defendants are entitled to the best defense that money can buy. (T/F)
False
All judges have law degrees (T/F)
False
An example of a status offender would be a juvenile adjudicated for purse- snatching or robbery. (T/F)
False
Courts of general jurisdiction cannot hear civil cases. (T/F)
False
Decriminalization means to declare one innocent of a crime following a jury trial. (T/F)
False
Deinstitutionalization of status offenses tends to separate those who commit misdemeanors from those who commit felonies. (T/F)
False
Divestiture of jurisdiction means that juveniles must be incarcerated. (T/F)
False
Everyone charged with a crime is entitled to bail. (T/F)
False
Federal prosecutors are known as state's attorneys. (T/F)
False
In a 1997 poll where different professions were ranked according to their honesty, lawyers came out as being the most honest. (T/F)
False
Judges have unlimited discretion in their courtrooms to impose whatever punishments they see fit (T/F)
False
Parens patriae was a doctrine established in 1965 by judges in Pennsylvania. (T/F)
False
Parole boards are most relevant for determinate sentencing systems. (T/F)
False
Plea bargaining means that one does not acquire a criminal record. (T/F)
False
Politics have nothing to do with the selection or appointment of judges. (T/F)
False
Prosecutors are known by one name throughout the United States such as the "state's attorney." (T/F)
False
Research indicates that perfect juries can be selected that will acquit a defense attorney's clients. (T/F)
False
Restorative justice is the equivalent of a conviction. (T/F)
False
the difference between appellate and trial courts
Hierarchical jurisdiction refers to:
more severe
If plea bargaining is rejected by a defendant and the defendant goes to court and loses the case through a jury trial, the sentence received from the judge compared with what would have been received through the plea bargain is:
gossip
Informal social control is:
is a civil means of settling a case involving an impartial arbiter.
Mediation means that a person charged with a crime:
impeachment.
One legitimate way of removing a corrupt judge from office is through:
limited jurisdiction
Petty offenses are heard in courts of:
Alaska
Plea bargaining is banned in:
all of the above
Pre-sentence investigation reports contain:
almost all the time
Prosecutors work closely with law enforcement officers when developing criminal cases against suspects:
corrections doesn't correct.
Public dissatisfaction with corrections generally has been based on the idea that:
Indeterminate
Sentencing where parole boards determine an inmate's early release is called:
the U.S. Sentencing Commission
The Sentencing Reform Act of 1984 created:
Limited it.
The Sentencing Reform Act of 1984 has done which of the following to judicial discretion:
1987
The U.S. sentencing guidelines were introduced in:
Drug courts
These specialty courts began in Miami in 1989 and today number well over 2,500.
the defense and prosecutor
The adversary system pertains directly to a contest between:
law
The body of rules of specific conduct, prescribed by existing authority, is called:
Greece
The first country in the world to use a jury system was:
California
The first state to create a judicial conduct commission was:
11
The minimum number of jurors needed to determine the guilt or innocence of the accused in federal district courts, with judicial approval, is:
Judiciary Act of 1789
This congressional act provided for three levels of courts.
constitutional
Threatening a defendant with more serious criminal charges (for which the prosecutor has evidence) if the defendant does not plead guilty to a lesser charge is:
Both elections and Gubernatorial nominations
What is one form of judicial selection method?
They may be used to excuse jurors for no particular reason.
What is true about peremptory challenges?
over 90%
What percent of criminal convictions are obtained through plea bargaining?
acceptable
When a defendant enters a guilty plea to second degree murder to avoid the possible imposition of the death penalty, even though the defendant believes himself innocent of the charge, the U.S. Supreme Court has determined that this is:
impose probation for many first-time offenders convicted of minor offenses
When judges are permitted to use more discretion in sentencing, they are inclined to:
the contract system
When law firms engage in competitive bidding for providing legal services to indigent defendants, such a practice is known as:
Engaging in malicious prosecutions against innocent suspects.
Which is not a function of prosecutors?
A prior felony conviction
Which of the following would exclude an American citizen from jury duty in most jurisdictions?
The criminal justice system is a major institution in society and is generally thought of as being made up of which entity/entities.
all of the above
Persons charged with petty offenses where the maximum punishment is 90 days in jail:
are not entitled to a jury trial as a matter of right
