Classification of Medication
The nurse administers penicillin to a client and monitors the client for an adverse reaction despite that the client said she was not allergic to penicillin. What is the rationale for checking for adverse reactions? Select all answers that apply.
A person can be allergic to any medication at any time. Medications can react with over-the-counter medications to cause toxicity. Medications can react with herbal supplements to cause adverse reactions. Medications can react with other medications prescribed for the client.
The nurse should have basic knowledge of drug classifications in order to administer medications safely to clients. What drug information is instrumental in determining nursing actions following drug administration?
Adverse affects
A client developed a nosocomial (hospital-acquired), gram-negative infection when hospitalized. What is considered the antibiotic of choice for this type of infection?
Aminoglycosides
During a health interview, a client tells the nurse that she is taking ginkgo for memory improvement. For which of the following conditions should the nurse assess related to this information?
Bleeding
A client is prescribed ciprofloxacin for an acute sinus infection. This drug belongs to what category of anti-infective medications?
Fluoroquinolones
The nurse is administering penicillin to a client who has strep throat. Which of the following statements accurately describe the action of penicillin?
It is effective against gram-positive organisms.
The nurse is administering amoxicillin PO to a client who has otitis media. Which of the following factors must occur for this antibiotic to be effective?
It should not affect normal flora.
A client asks the nurse for an antibiotic to "ward off a cold." The nurse explains to the client that if an antibiotic is used indiscriminately, particularly for minor ailments, or is administered improperly, certain pathogens may mutate or build a tolerance to it. Which of the following is an example of a dangerous organism that has become resistant to antibiotics?
MRSA
A 40-year-old male client with arthritis of the knee joint has been prescribed an analgesic to relieve the pain. Which of the following is a narcotic analgesic?
Morphine
The nurse is administering morphine sulfate to a client who had a myocardial infarction. What vital sign would the nurse monitor that directly relates to the use of this narcotic?
Respiratory rate
A 45-year-old male client tells the nurse that he has not slept through the night for the past 2 weeks. Which of the following drugs might the physician prescribe for this client?
eszopiclone (Lunesta)
The nurse is placing a transdermal nicotine patch on a client. How long are most transdermal patches effective?
12 hours to 30 days
The nurse is researching the benefits and risks associated with the herbal supplement ginseng. In which of the following clients would this supplement be contraindicated? Select all answers that apply.
A client who is taking antidepressants A client who is on hormonal contraceptives A client who has diabetes A client who is pregnant
Which category of antimicrobial agents is used chiefly because of low cost and effectiveness in treating common bacterial infections?
Aminoglycosides
A client with severe back pain has been prescribed medication by the healthcare provider. Which of the following classes of drugs can help in relieving this condition?
Analgesics
The nurse instructs a client to use benzocaine to soothe the itching and pain related to an insect bite. Benzocaine is considered to be what type of dermatologic agent?
Anesthetic
The nurse is about to administer a Category C drug to a pregnant client. Which of the following describes this FDA category of risk potential during pregnancy?
Animal studies show adverse affects but there are no adequate studies in humans.
The nurse researching the use of antibiotics in healthcare settings learns that which of the following classifications of antibiotics are most widely used in the hospital setting?
Cephalosporins
A client has been prescribed a barbiturate for control of seizures. Which of the following must the nurse keep in mind when monitoring the client?
Client may have frequent mood changes.
A client with an upper respiratory tract infection has been prescribed an antibiotic that the nurse is not familiar with. Which of the following should the nurse caring for the client do if she is not familiar with the new medication?
Collect information about the new medication.
When administering narcotics to clients, the nurse must monitor for which of the following side effects?
Constipation
A nurse is administering digoxin to a client with high blood pressure. Which of the following is a priority nursing action that the nurse must perform before this administration?
Count the apical pulse rate for 1 full minute before administration.
A client with an upper respiratory tract infection was prescribed roxithromycin, an antibiotic. To which of the following should the nurse tell the client that irregular administration of this medication could lead?
Development of drug resistance
A client diagnosed with diabetes is prescribed insulin. The client expresses a fear of injecting insulin with a needle. Which of the following drugs would be the best option for this client?
Exubera
A client with constipation has been prescribed mineral oil. Which of the following reasons should the nurse provide for instructing the client to take the medication between meals or at bedtime?
It interferes with vitamin absorption
A pregnant client wants to know what drugs she can take safely during her pregnancy. Which of the following drugs should the nurse tell her is relatively safe during pregnancy?
Magnesium sulfate
An 8-year-old child is experiencing pain following tonsillectomy. Which of the following drugs would be an appropriate pain reliever for this client?
Nonsalicylates
A 7-year-old child is diagnosed with adrenocortical insufficiency and has been prescribed prolonged steroid therapy. Which of the following is a steroid used for prolonged therapy?
Prednisone
A 30-year-old client with chills and fever is diagnosed with septicemia. The client has been prescribed an aminoglycoside antibiotic. Which of the following information should the nurse include in client teaching?
Take full dose of the antibiotic prescribed.
A 70-year-old female client with chronic asthma is prescribed steroid therapy. Which of the following possible side effects of long-term therapy should the nurse discuss with the client and family?
Thrombophlebitis