climate change and glaciers
average temperatures are around ______ degrees Celsius, and they only get an average _____ of snow a year
-50, 3mm
the largest glaciers today are small compared with the glaciers in the last major ice age. beginning about ____________, sheets of ice spread over most of North America and Eurasia.
2 million years ago
at the thickest point, greenlands glaciers goes down to ______ m from top to bottom.
2700
_________ has the harshest conditions on earth.
Antarctica
the entire continent of _____ is covered by a glacier. most of the island of Greenland, an of __________ square kilometres is also covered by a glacier.
Antarctica, 1.8 million
the polar ice cap is a large sheet of ice covering the _________ ocean. it produces similar weather effects.
Arctic
glaciers store _________ amounts of fresh water as ______ and _______. some of this water, especially at the melting _______ of a glacier, rejoins the water cycle, adding water vapour into the atmosphere (one of the ______________ gasses )
HUGE, snow, ice, edges, greenhouse
______ ______ flows off glaciers, cooling the surrounding area and helping form strong polar winds. because they are so cold, there is _______ _________.
cold, air, little, precipitation
-__________ (no.1
corals
_________ deep in ocean and lake sediments
fossils
gas trapped in ice core samples (___________)
glaciers
hard rock such as _______, is difficult for a glacier to break down (________) than a softer rock such as sandstone.
granite, erode
glaciers are large masses of _______and _____built up over thousands of years
ice, snow
as glaciers have formed over ______ of years, we can collect data from the ice that helps us understand the ________ changes, which lead to overall ________ changes
millions, weather, climate
glaciers move slowly but can change the shape of _________, valleys, and ________ - these features are ________ of past glaciation.
mountains, islands, evidence
they occur in the high altitudes of _____ and near earths _____
mountains, poles
because glaciers _____, we can get data from different areas of the earth. we can even make __________ where the ice from the ice burgs came from!
move, predictions
a glacier tends to ______ the hard rocks, leaving grooves called _________ etched in the bedrock by boulders and gravel being dragged around the bottom. these tell us the _______ that a glacier has moved.
polish, STRIATIONS, directions
glaciers move _____ . these rocks can hold _______ to the past as well...... we call these _______
rock, answers, FOSSILS
_____________ data
satellite
when the ice began to melt at the end of the last ice age, ____________ rose. _____ that had been pressed down by the immense weight of the ice continued to move upwards as well, adding more area for _____ and animals to live. but people are concerned about ________ _________ and fear that the coastal lands will be covered with water if the polar ice melts too quickly.
sea level, land, humans, global warming
-_________ rings
tree
the gasses trapped in the different layers built up over time can be compared to other data collected and _____ can be seen.
trends
the lower layers of glaciers are turned into clear ice because of the ______ of the snow above
weight