CNA - Chapters 7-9

Which one of the following vital sign measurements is outside the range of normal for an adult?: A) 75 beats/min B) 18 breaths/min C) 99.2° F (O) D) 140/90 mm Hg

D) 140/90 mm Hg

Which of the following is a possible complication of restraint use?: A) Bowel and bladder elimination problems B) Depression C) Strangulation D) A, B & C

D) A, B & C

Correct positioning to keep the spine straight is called: A) Back position B) Body mechanics. C) Fowler's position D) Alignment.

D) Alignment.

What general action can a nurse assistant take to reduce a person's risk of falling?: A) Using a mechanical lift during transfers B) Performing a fall risk assessment C) Raising the bed to a comfortable working height D) Allowing the person to sit on the edge of the bed for several minutes before standing up

D) Allowing the person to sit on the edge of the bed for several minutes before standing up

The name of the technique used to sustain breathing and circulation for a person who has gone into cardiac arrest is: A) Respiration initiation. B) Cardio-respiration C) Mouth-to-mouth resuscitation D) Cardiopulmonary resuscitation

D) Cardiopulmonary resuscitation

The CNA is required to complete a written incident report about a resident who fell out of bed. The CNA would include: A) The person who is to blame for the incident. B) Suggestions to prevent future incidents. C) Staff opinions about the cause of the incident. D) Factual account of what happened.

D) Factual account of what happened.

Restraints are classified as: A) Human and inhumane. B) Personal and social. C) Emotional and physical. D) Physical and chemical.

D) Physical and chemical. - Physical: Attached on or near person body - Chemical: Medications to subdue person

What are basic steps that guide a CNA's actions in an emergency, ensuring their safety and the safety of others?: A) Call the person's family. Wait with the person. Give medication. B) Recognize that an emergency exists. Check the scene. Call for help. Wait with the person. Report and record. C) Recognize that an emergency exists. Call for help. Check the person's identification. Provide care according to the situation and level of training. Report and record. D) Recognize that an emergency exists. Check the scene. Call for help. Provide care according to the situation and level of training. Report and record.

D) Recognize that an emergency exists. Check the scene. Call for help. Provide care according to the situation and level of training. Report and record.

Which member of the health care team is allowed to order the application of physical or chemical restraints?: A) The person's family member B) The nurse C) The nurse assistant D) The doctor

D) The doctor

What is Hypotension?

Low blood pressure

What are the Vital Signs?

Measurements that give us basic information about how a person's body is functioning; include temperature, pulse, respiration, and blood pressure

What is a Cerebrovascular accident?:

Occurs when blood flow to a part of the brain is interrupted, resulting in the death of brain cells, or bleeding into the brain tissue

What is the definition of Myocardial infarction:

Occurs when blood flow to part of the heart muscle is blocked, causing the cells in that area to die

What is a Automated external defibrillator (AED):

Portable electronic device that delivers a shock automatically or with a push of a button to help the heart restore an effective pumping rhythm

What is one thing to keep people safe within your care:

Prevention - Prevention is KEY to Safety

What is the goal of "no lift" or "safe patient handling" programs?: A) To remind health care workers that residents/clients should stay in bed as much as possible to reduce their risk of injuries B) To limit patient, resident or client involvement during repositioning or transferring maneuvers C) To alert health care workers to patients, residents and clients who are at risk for falling D) To limit on-the-job injuries by providing equipment, training & resources to make lifting & repositioning people easier and safer

D) To limit on-the-job injuries by providing equipment, training & resources to make lifting & repositioning people easier and safer

Safe lifting technique includes: A) Bending over at the waist to pick the object up. B) Keeping the feet close together. C) Twisting at the waist. D) Using the leg muscles to power the move.

D) Using the leg muscles to power the move.

What is Systolic Pressure?

The pressure of the blood against the walls of the arteries when the heart pumps

What is the definition of Coordination:

The use of direction and force for purposeful action

What is the definition of Balance:

Stability achieved through the even distribution of weight

You are with a group of residents in the day room when suddenly one of the resident loses consciousness and slumps over in her chair. What should you do?: a. Call for help immediately. b. Splash water on the resident's face to revive her c. Move furniture out of the way to protect her from further injury. d. Administer cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR).

a. Call for help immediately.

Before using any equipment, you should: a. Check to make sure it is working properly. b. Unplug it. c. File an incident report. d. Stand up straight.

a. Check to make sure it is working properly.

What is the definition of Alignment?:

Good posture

You work in a hospital and the nurse has asked you to apply a wrist restraint to Mrs. Schneider because she has repeatedly puller her intravenous (IV) line out. Before applying the restraint, you must make sure of all of the following EXCEPT: a. Mrs. Schneider is able to remove the device independently. b. The doctor or advanced practice nurse has written an order for the restraint. c. Mrs. Schneider understands the reason for the restraint. d. You have been properly trained in how to apply the restraint, and applying restraints is part of your job description.

a. Mrs. Schneider is able to remove the device independently.

Mr. Rollins is receiving oxygen therapy. You could use any of the following methods to take his temperature EXCEPT the: a. Oral method. b. Axillary method. c. Rectal method. d. Tympanic method.

a. Oral method.

What instrument is used to listen to sounds when obtaining a blood pressure or an apical pulse measurement?: a. Stethascope. b. Diaphram. c. Sphygmomanometer. d. Thermometer.

a. Stethascope.

Where is the brachial pulse located?: a. The inside of the elbow. b. At the top of the heart, just under the left nipple. c. On the inside of the wrist at the base of the thumb. d. On the inside of the groin where the thigh meets the hip.

a. The inside of the elbow.

You are helping a person to eat when he begins to choke. He is making a high-pitched wheezing sound, and it is difficult for him to answer you when you ask if he needs help. What should you do?: a. Perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). b. Call for help immediately, and then begin administering back blows and abdominal thrusts. c. Watch him carefully for a minute to see if he is able to cough up the object on his own. d. Call for help immediately, and then provide reassurance until he arrives.

b. Call for help immediately, and then begin administering back blows and abdominal thrusts.

Which of the following could be a sign of a myocardial infarction? a. Blurred vision. b. Nausea c. Aura. d. Shock.

b. Nausea

How should you position a person who has had a seizure after the seizure is over?: a. Flat on his back. b. On his side. c. Seated, with his head between his knees. d. On his stomach

b. On his side.

One of your co-workers has cut herself with a knife while cutting up fruit for a smoothie making activity with the residents, and she is bleeding quite heavily: a. Call 9-1-1 and monitor her for shock. b. Put on a pair of gloves and then go to her aid c. Put a dressing over the cut and apply pressure to stop the bleeding. d. Rinse the cut with water

b. Put on a pair of gloves and then go to her aid.

Which of the following measurements is outside of the normal range for an adult?: a. Temperature 99 F. b. Respirations, 13 breaths/min c. Pulse, 63 beats/min. d. Blood pressure, 107/70 mm Hg.

b. Respirations, 13 breaths/min

If your clothing catches on fire, you should: a. Run, cover and cool. b. Stop, drop and roll. c. Call the fire department. d. Blanket, bathe and bandage.

b. Stop, drop and roll.

Mrs. Wilson's pulse is very weak. How would you describe her pulse?: a. Shallow. b. Thready. c. Bounding. d. Irregular.

b. Thready.

Temperature, pulse, respirations and blood pressure usually are taken together and are referred to as: a. Life measurements. b. Vital signs. c. Routine measurements. d. Monitoring.

b. Vital signs.

Restraints must be released at least: a. Every shift. b. Every hour. c. Every 2 hours, and more often if necessary. d. Whenever a relative visits.

c. Every 2 hours, and more often if necessary.

What should you do if a fire alarm sounds while you are at work?: a. Leave the building and go home. b. Ask another nurse assistant what to do. c. Follow your employer's policies for responding to a fire alarm. d. Ignore the fire alarm, because it is probably only a fire drill.

c. Follow your employer's policies for responding to a fire alarm.

Which of the following moves increases your stability? a. Moving your feet close together. b. Bending at the waist. c. Spreading your feet apart. d. Relaxing your stomach muscles.

c. Spreading your feet apart.

What equipment is needed to evaluate a radial pulse?: a. Sphygmomanometer. b. Stethoscope. c. Watch with a second hand. d. All of the above.

c. Watch with a second hand.

Which of the following is part of good body mechanics: a. Independence. b. Communication. c. Entrapment. d. Alignment.

d. Alignment.

Mrs. Tyler has just been admitted to the nursing home. What measurements will you obtain?: a. Blood pressure, temperature, respiratory rate, pulse rate. b. Height. c. Weight. d. All of the above.

d. All of the above.

Which of the following could be a sign of a stroke?: a. Profuse sweating. b. Convulsions. c. Fainting. d. Drooping on one side of the face.

d. Drooping on one side of the face.

All of the following are potential complications of restraints EXCEPT: a. Death. b. Low self-esteem and depression. c. Nerve and tissue damage. d. Drowning.

d. Drowning.

What is a Shock:

A condition in which the circulatory system fails to deliver enough oxygen-rich blood to the body's tissues and vital organs

What is the definition of Restraint:

A device that inhibits a person's freedom of movement or ability to reach part of his or her body or a medication that subdues a person.

What is a Sphygmomanometer?

A device used to measure blood pressure

What is a Sethoscope?:

A piece of equipment that is used to listen to sounds produced inside the body

What is the definition of an Emergency:

A situation that arises suddenly and requires immediate action to keep a person safe

What is hypothermia?

A temperature that is lower than the normal range

Mrs. Simmons begins to choke while eating. She cannot speak and is making a high-pitched wheezing sound. What should the nurse assistant do?: A) Call for help immediately and then begin the procedure for giving first aid to a conscious choking adult. B) Stay with Mrs. Simmons and encourage her to keep coughing. C) Help Mrs. Simmons to lie flat on the floor and begin the procedure for giving first aid to an unconscious choking adult. D) Give back blows and abdominal thrusts and then call for help.

A) Call for help immediately and then begin the procedure for giving first aid to a conscious choking adult.

A temporary loss of consciousness caused by a lack of blood flow to the brain is known as: A) Fainting. B) A seizure C) A coma. D) A stroke.

A) Fainting.

A grease fire has started in a pan on the stove. What is the first thing the home health aide should do?: A) Move the client to safety B) Extinguish the fire by pouring water into the pan. C) Extinguish the fire using a type B or an ABC fire extinguisher D) Call the fire department.

A) Move the client to safety

What qualities are noted when evaluating a person's pulse?: A) Rate, rhythm and force B) Rate, rhythm and depth C) Rhythm and rate D) Rate and force

A) Rate, rhythm and force

A fire alarm has sounded in the building. How should the nurse assistant respond?: A) The nurse assistant should stop what he or she is doing and remove anyone in immediate danger from the fire to a safe area. B) The nurse assistant should find the source of the fire and extinguish it with a fire extinguisher. C) The nurse assistant should use the elevator to evacuate people from the building quickly .D) The nurse assistant should move people out of their rooms and into the hallway.

A) The nurse assistant should stop what he or she is doing and remove anyone in immediate danger from the fire to a safe area.

A restraint that is applied too tightly can result in: A) Tissue damage. B) Entrapment. C) Pressure ulcers. D) Impaired hearing and sight.

A) Tissue damage.

What unit of measure is used to indicate a person's blood pressure reading?: A) mm Hg B) mL C) cc D) cc/mL

A) mm Hg

What is a Seizure?:

Abnormal electrical activity in the brain, which leads to temporary and involuntary changes in body movement, function, sensation, awareness or behavior

Mr. Klein has poor blood flow and sensation in his legs and feet because of diabetes. To keep Mr. Klein safe, the nurse assistant should: A) Massage Mr. Klein's lower legs and feet to promote blood flow and improve sensation. B) Inspect Mr. Klein's feet and lower legs daily for signs of small injuries. C) Avoid transporting Mr. Klein in a wheelchair because this may cause injury to his lower legs or feet. D) Elevate Mr. Klein's legs to promote blood flow and improve sensation.

B) Inspect Mr. Klein's feet and lower legs daily for signs of small injuries.

Mrs. Zinner, the wife of a home health client, accidentally cut herself while chopping vegetables in the kitchen. What should the home health aide do?: A) Apply a pressure bandage. B) Put on gloves, cover the wound with a sterile dressing and apply direct pressure. C) Call 9-1-1 immediately. D) Rinse the wound under cold running water.

B) Put on gloves, cover the wound with a sterile dressing and apply direct pressure.

There is a new mechanical lift on the unit. This is the first time the nurse assistant will be using this piece of equipment. What should the nurse assistant do?: A) Assume that this lift works the same way the old lift did. B) Read the manufacturer's instructions for use that are attached to the lift. C) Consult the facility's policy and procedure manual to find the correct procedure for using the lift. D) Ask another nurse assistant if he or she knows how to use the new lift.

B) Read the manufacturer's instructions for use that are attached to the lift

The instrument used to measure blood pressure is called a: A) Manometer B) Sphygmomanometer C) Mercury aneroid D) Stethoscope.

B) Sphygmomanometer

What adjective is used to describe a very weak pulse?: A) Lost B) Thready C) Absent D) Bounding

B) Thready

When should an incident be reported to the nurse?: A) When the incident causes bleeding B) Whenever an incident occurs C) When the incident caused injury to a patient, resident or client D) When the patient, resident or client requests you to do so

B) Whenever an incident occurs

What is the definition of Body mechanics:

Using one's body in a safe and efficient way to accomplish tasks such as lifting, pushing and pulling

How are weight and height measured?:

- Height: Measured only on admission - Weight: Measured periodically

Ways to keep people safe without restraints:

- If absolutely necessary, use restraints only if: • OBRA Requirements Met • You have been trained in how to use restraints - When using restraints: • Ensure correct size • Follow your employers procedure - When a person is restrained: • Keep person safe • Check person frequently and make sure person's physical and emotional needs are met

Safe Lifting - Using Muscles of legs and buttocks:

- Plan Lift - Stand Close to object; no leaning or reaching - Feet 12 inches apart; one foot slightly in front of the other - Bend Knees; keep back straight - Tighten Stomach muscles; drive upward - Pivot with feet to turn

What are the two terms within measurement of blood pressure:

- Systolic: Pressure against the walls when heart pumps - Diastolic: Pressure against the walls when heart relaxes

Types of thermometers:

- Tympanic: Ear - Temporal:Forehead - Infrared: Radiation emitted of the object being measured.

What is the definition of Entrapment:

When a person's head or another body part gets trapped between, under, or on the side rails of a bed, or between the mattress and the side rail

What does the the ABCs of good body mechanics consist of?:

1. Alignment: Good Posture 2. Balance: Stability with wide base support 3. Coordination: Purposeful action using direction and force

What is the FAST Check consist of when looking at signs of Stroke?:

1. Face: - Facial Drop: One side of the face does not move well 2. Arms: - Arm Drift: One arm drifts compared to other or does not 3. Speech: - Slurred, inappropriate words, or unable to speak 4. Time: - Call for help Immediately

What are five ways of Injury Prevention:

1. Lifting and Moving → Stress on muscles and joints → Pain and Possible Injury 2. OSHA'S - "No lift Policy". 3. Adhering to employer's and polices and person's care plan 4. Asking for Help 5. Using Good Body Mechanics

What are the two most common pulse sites:

1. Radial: At the Wrists 2. Apical: Measured with a stethoscope over the apex of the heart

What are Five Action Steps within Medical Emergencies:

1. Recognize the emergency 2. Check 3. Call 4. Care 5. Report and Record

What do the Five Action Steps Consist with:

1. Recognize the emergency: - Look for signs of distress - Note slight changes of behavior or appearance *(Change from normal can signal an emergency and needs to be reported immediately.) 2. Check: - Stay Calm - Check the Scene and Person - Ensure your safety and that of the person - Look for clues of what happend - Check on the shoulder/hand - Shout if there conscious 3. Call: - Call for Help -Dial 911 - Know your Employers polices and procedures 4. Care: - Provide appropriate care base on the situation and your level of training until help arrives - Help the person, provide reoccurrence 5. Report and Record: - Share your Observations of what happend during/after with other healthcare team members - Report Observations to the nurse

What are the ABCs of good body mechanics? A) Alignment, balance, co-worker B) Alignment, balance, coordination C) Alignment, balance, communication D) Alignment, balance, count

B) Alignment, balance, coordination

Mrs. Quinn has been identified as being at high risk for falling. What strategy would be most effective for reducing Mrs. Quinn's risk of injury due to falling?: A) Administering medications to make Mrs. Quinn drowsy so that she will stay in bed. B) Anticipating what might motivate Mrs. Quinn to get out of bed without assistance, and taking steps to meet those needs in advance. C) Instructing Mrs. Quinn not to get out of bed without assistance. D) Applying restraints so that Mrs. Quinn cannot get out of bed without assistance.

B) Anticipating what might motivate Mrs. Quinn to get out of bed without assistance, and taking steps to meet those needs in advance

Before using any piece of electrical equipment, the nurse assistant should: A) Stand up straight B) Check to make sure it is working properly C) Unplug it D) File an incident report.

B) Check to make sure it is working properly

What document describes what family members should do if members are away from home or apart from each other when a disaster occurs?: A) Emergency response plan B) Home disaster preparedness plan C) Fire and disaster response plan D) Incident report

B) Home disaster preparedness plan

What is a Incident Report?:

By reporting all incidents verbally to the nurse

Restraints, when applied, must be released every: A) Day. B) Hour. C) 2 hours D) 15 minutes.

C) 2 hours

A tympanic thermometer is inserted in the: A) Armpit B) Rectum C) Ear D) Mouth.

C) Ear

A person who is having a heart attack may show which of the following signs and symptoms?: A) Clutching at the throat and wheezing B) Confusion and a severe, sudden headache C) Extreme fatigue, nausea, and breaking out in a cold sweat D) Restlessness, irritability and extreme thirst

C) Extreme fatigue, nausea, and breaking out in a cold sweat

The National Weather Service has issued a hurricane warning for the area and an evacuation order is in effect. What should the nurse assistants on duty at the nursing home do?: A) Implement the RACE plan. B) Leave work immediately C) Follow the facility's disaster preparedness plan for evacuating the residents to another facility. D) Begin moving residents to interior rooms and hallways.

C) Follow the facility's disaster preparedness plan for evacuating the residents to another facility.

Mr. Sheirich, a resident of a nursing home, smokes. What precautions should the nurse assistant take to ensure his safety and the safety of others?: A) The nurse assistant should ensure that Mr. Sheirich's oxygen is turned on before he begins smoking. B) The nurse assistant should allow Mr. Sheirich to smoke only around other people who smoke. C) The nurse assistant should make sure that Mr. Sheirich safely extinguishes his smoking materials. D) The nurse assistant should not allow Mr. Sheirich to smoke.

C) The nurse assistant should make sure that Mr. Sheirich safely extinguishes his smoking materials.

When should a nurse assistant supervise a person who smokes?: A) When the person is confused B) When the person is smoking in his room and oxygen is in use C) Whenever the person smokes D) When the person smokes in bed

C) Whenever the person smokes

What is the definition of Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR):

Care that is required when a person loses consciousness, stops breathing, or has no pulse

What does a First Aid provide:

Care that one provides to an injured or ill person until help arrives, based on the situation and caregiver's level of training

What is Epilepsy?:

Chronic seizure condition that can often be controlled with medication

Mrs. Singer is a home health client. Complications of diabetes have caused her to lose feelings in her legs. Because of her condition, what type of injury is Mrs. Singer at high risk for?: a. Poisoning. b. Burns c. Entrapment d. Electrical shock

b. Burns

What is one thing to keep in mind within a Incident Report:

Provide Facts, Not opinions

What is the definition of a Disaster:

Severe events that cause widespread damage and destruction, affecting many people and disrupting normal functioning of a community.

What is the definition of Incident:

Something unusual that happens to a person receiving care, a staff member or a visitor to the facility that has the potential to cause harm.

You are a home health nurse aide on duty and a tornado watch has been issued for your area. Which area in the client's home would be the best place to move the client to safety?: a. The dinning room, which has large windows. b. A windowless bathroom on the ground floor. c. The client's room d. The front hall.

b. A windowless bathroom on the ground floor.

You are a new employee and the nurse has asked you to assist Mr. Thompson out of bed using a mechanical lift device. Although you have used mechanical lifts before, you are not familiar with the kind of mechanical life used in this facility. What should you do?: a. Go to help Mr. Thompson. The lift probably works the same way the lifts you used at your previous place of employment did. b. As the nurse or another nurse assistant to show you how to use the lift. c. Help Mr. Thompson to get out of bed without using the lift. d. Practice using the lift with another resident before going to assist Mr. Thompson.

b. As the nurse or another nurse assistant to show you how to use the lift.

All of the following are risk factors for falling EXCEPT: a. Poor eyesight. b. Being overweight. c. Poor mobility. d. Medication effects.

b. Being overweight.