Cognitive Chapter 6

According to your text, which of the following movies is LEAST accurate in its portrayal of a memory problem? The Bourne Identity Memento The Long Kiss Goodnight 50 First Dates

50 First Dates

Which of the following involves procedural memory? Knowing how it feels to be scared Recalling a childhood memory Knowing how an automobile engine works :Reading a sentence in a book

:Reading a sentence in a book

___________ memories are to experiences as ___________ memories are to facts. Semantic; implicit Implicit; episodic Episodic; semantic Procedural; episodic

Episodic; semantic

The coding of a stimulus into memory refers to which of the following? Consciousness Location Process Form

Form

Explicit memory is to ___________ as implicit memory is to ___________. aware; unaware self; others primacy; recency episodic; semantic

aware; unaware

The constructive episodic stimulation hypothesis describes how our memories are connected to our ________. knowledge emotions future neural networks

future

The primacy effect is attributed to recall of information stored in long-term memory. a type of rehearsal that improves memory for all items in a list. recall of information still active in short-term memory. forgetting of early items in a list as they are replaced by later items

recall of information stored in long-term memory.

This multiple-choice question is an example of a ___________ test. recall recognition word-completion personal semantic memory

recognition

The dramatic case of patient H.M. clearly illustrates that ___________ is crucial for the formation of long-term memories. the hippocampus synaptic consolidation vitamin B1 deep processing

the hippocampus

Why is classical conditioning considered a form of implicit memory? Because learning the association between the neutral and conditioned stimulus requires effort. Because it is based on motor skills similar to procedural memory. Because it involves learning an association without being aware of the reasons behind it. Because it usually involves memory for the episode in which it occurred.

Because it involves learning an association without being aware of the reasons behind it.

___________ memories are those that we are not aware of. Implicit Explicit Declarative All of these are correct

Implicit

Which of the following is NOT a conclusion from the case of H.M., who had an operation to help alleviate his epileptic seizures? The hippocampus is necessary for forming new long-term memories. Short-term and long-term memories are controlled by different mechanisms. Short-term and long-term memories can operate independently of each other. Long-term memories are unaffected by damage to the hippocampus.

Long-term memories are unaffected by damage to the hippocampus.

The following statement represents what kind of memory? "The Beatles stopped making music together as a group in the early 1970s." Episodic Semantic Procedural Implicit

Semantic

Which of the following is NOT an example of an implicit memory? Classical conditioning Repetition priming Procedural memory Semantic memory

Semantic memory

Lamar has just gotten a new job and is attending a company party where he will meet his colleagues for the first time. His boss escorts him around to small groups to introduce him. At the first group, Lamar meets four people and is told only their first names. The same thing happens with a second group and a third group. At the fourth group, Lamar is told their names and that one of the women in the group is the company accountant. A little while later, Lamar realizes that he only remembers the names of the people in the first group, though he also remembers the profession of the last woman he met (the accountant). Lamar's experience demonstrates the phonological similarity effect. a build-up and release of proactive interference. the cocktail party phenomenon. a partial-report procedure.

a build-up and release of proactive interference.

Neuropsychological evidence indicates that short- and long-term memories probably represent different aspects of the same mechanism. are caused by different mechanisms that depend upon each other. both rely most heavily on a semantic coding mechanism. are caused by different mechanisms that act independently.

are caused by different mechanisms that act independently.

Ming is taking a memory test. She is more likely to recall the name of a popular singer if she had just read about the singer in a magazine. just seen the singer on TV. recently seen the singer on TV and read about the singer in a magazine. attended the singer's concert last year with her boyfriend.

attended the singer's concert last year with her boyfriend.

Murdoch's "remembering a list" experiment described the serial position curve and found that memory is best for ___________ of a list. the first words the middle words the last words both the first and last words

both the first and last words

When investigating the serial position curve, delaying the memory test for 30 seconds has no effect on the curve. increases the primacy effect. decreases the recency effect. increases both the primacy and the recency effects.

decreases the recency effect.

"I remember being really excited last year, when my college team won the national championship in basketball." This statement is an example of ___________ memory. episodic implicit semantic procedural

episodic

As people get older, their memories of past experiences tend to have an emphasis on ________. facts feelings episodes procedures

facts

K.C., who was injured in a motorcycle accident, remembers facts like the difference between a strike and a spare in bowling, but he is unaware of experiencing things like hearing about the circumstances of his brother's death, which occurred two years before the accident. His memory behavior suggests intact semantic memory but defective episodic memory. intact procedural memory but defective semantic memory. intact episodic memory but defective semantic memory. intact episodic memory but defective procedural memory.

intact semantic memory but defective episodic memory.

Semantic memory is to ________ as episodic memory is to ________. images; sounds implicit; explicit knowing; remembering fragile; permanent

knowing; remembering

The predominant type of coding in long-term memory is phonological. concrete. semantic. visual.

semantic.

Your book discusses the memory functioning of patient H.M. who underwent brain surgery to relieve severe epileptic seizures. H.M.'s case has been extremely informative to psychologists by demonstrating that long-term memory can operate normally while short-term memory is impaired. impairment of one memory system (long-term or short-term) necessarily leads to deficits in the functioning of the other. a double dissociation exists for short-term and long-term memory. short-term memory can operate normally while long-term memory is impaired.

short-term memory can operate normally while long-term memory is impaired.

The propaganda effect demonstrates that we evaluate familiar statements as being true only when we are aware we've seen them before. simply because we have been exposed to them before. only when we agree with them. unless we are told explicitly that the statements are false.

simply because we have been exposed to them before.

Procedural memories are also known as ________ memories. static skill explicit task

skill

Memory enhancement due to repetition priming is a result of the test stimulus being the same as or resembling the priming stimulus. different from the priming stimulus. similar in meaning to the priming stimulus. different in meaning from the priming stimulus.

the same as or resembling the priming stimulus.

Wickens et al.'s "fruit, meat, and professions" experiment failed to show a release from proactive interference in the "fruit" group because the stimulus category changed. the stimulus category remained the same. the response task changed. the response task remained the same.

the stimulus category remained the same.