Color & Theory

Tetrad Harmony- (tretadic)

- color schemes composed of four colors equally spaced along the color wheel, such as yellow, red-orange, violet, and blue-green; four colors arranged into two complementary pairs (rectangle)

Spectrum- visible spectrum?

- the portion of colored light within the electromagnetic spectrum that is visible to the human eye.

Luminous color-

A certain color can be defined by hue (0° - 360°), saturation (0% - 100%) and lightness (0% - 100%). Luminance on the other hand is a measure to describe the perceived brightness of a color (Encyclopædia Britannica: "luminance, or visually perceived brightness"). You can lighten or darken a color by adjusting its lightness value, but lightness is not the only dimension to consider for luminance. That is because each hue naturally has an individual luminance value.

Monochromatic-

A color scheme based on variations in value and chroma of one particular hue; Using one hue and adding white, black or grey to create tints, tones, and shades.

monochromatic

A color scheme made up of variations of one hue or using any tint, tone, or shade of just one color

Subtractive Color

CMYK refers to what type of color mixing process?

Isaac Newton color theory

Color Wheel, visible colors of spectrum as seen when color light is refracted (primary and secondary) more interested in physics of color. He is known for discovering REFRACTED COLORS- phenomenon when light passes through prism

1. Hue -

Color that is the property of light by which the color of an object is classified and named as red, blue, green or yellow in reference to the visible spectrum.

Albert H. Munsell Color system

Color tree system the most widely used- developed the 3 dimensions of color hue, value and chroma(saturation). Tree has 10 hues each hue is assigned a letter and numerical notation. the number 5 represents the center or the color family where each color is at its purist. Munsell identifies value on a scale of 0-10, with pure white at the top for 0 and gray in the middle for 5 and black ate the bottom for 10. Value is expressed in the trunk of the tree.

Complementary

Colors opposite each other on the color wheel

Extension of Color-

Contrast of extension is all about proportions. It is contrast created by controlling the proportion of one color relative to the other. It is used to balance, or counter the balance of an image that is heavily weighted toward a single hue. It can also be used to affect brightness or intensity of a hue.

Add white, Add black, and Add the color's compliment

How might you decrease the intensity of a color?

harmony, rhythm, balance, proportion, emphasis, scale, unity, variety

Name the eight design principles discussed in the book

Color, space, light/Value, texture, pattern, lines, form/Shape

Name the seven elements of design presented in the book?

reflection, Diffraction, refraction

Name the three properties of light

Primary hues that create all colors

Primary (hues) red, yellow, and blue for pigment mixing; red, yellow, and green for light mixing; cyan, magenta, and yellow for printing; can be mixed to create all other colors

Triad

Red, blue yellow RedOrange, BlueViolet, YellowGreen RedViolet, BlueGreen, Yellow Orange Orange, Violet, Green YellowOrange, RedViolet, BlueGreen

Tetrad

Redorange, yellow, violet, blue-green square or rectangle, 2 complimentary pairs yg,b,rv,o y,b,o,v yg,bv,yo,rv r,yo,bv,g ray,v,g

intensity

The brightness or dulness of a color

Mixing yellow and Violet mixing two complimentary colors together and Mixing Orange, red and Black

The color Brown is a result of ?

analogous

The color scheme that includes colors beside or adjacent to each other on the color wheel (use at least 2 but no more that five consecutive colors on the wheel EX: yellow-green, green, blue-green, blue and blue-violet.

Saturation-

The intensity or purity of a hue

Successive Contrast-

The interaction of hues results in the following color-contrast effects, which affect our perception of hue, depth, and transparency: simultaneous contrast—When complementary colors are immediately adjacent to one another, they visually influence each other and their chroma levels appear dramatically intensified.

Value

The lightness or darkness of a color

Visible Spectrum

The portion of colored light we can see is called the __________.

Shade

The result of adding black to a hue

Tint

The result of adding white to a hue

Chroma, Saturation, Intensity

The strength or purity of a color is identified as?

Neutrals

The term for black, gray, white, taupe, and ivory

Hue, Value, and Chroma

The three dimensions of color in the Munsell System are?

Tertiary (hues)-

There are six. red-violet, blue-violet, blue-green, yellow-green, yellow-orange, and red-orange, each made by combining a secondary hue with one of the primaries; created by mixing primaries and secondaries.

Earth Colors-

They can be created by mixing two complementary colors or combining a pure color with white, black, or gray. Pure neutral colors include black, white, and all grays while near neutrals include browns, tans, and darker colors.'" Many earth tones originate from clay earth pigments, such as umber, ochre, and sienna.

Shade:

To make a color darker in value, black is added; a hue produced by adding black

Tint:

To make a color lighter in value, white is added; a hue produced by adding white

Tone:

To make a tone, you add grey to your hue; a hue produced by adding grey.

4 types of Color Balance

Value Contrast (emphasis) (light/dark), Hue balance (complements), intensity contrast (bright/dull), size of color area (large/small)

Cool Colors and Chromatic Colors

Violet, blue, and green are considered ____.

Red, Green, Blue

When discussing colored light mixing, which are considered Primary?

Yellow, Red and Blue

When discussing colored paint or inks, which are considered primary?

Split-complimentary scheme-

a base color and the two colors adjacent to its complementary color.

Triadic or triad

a color scheme made up of colors at the points of an equilateral triangle drawn on the color wheel/ or using three colors equally spaced from each other on the wheel EX: orange, violet, and green

Chromatic Colors-

any hues other than white, gray, and black.

Warm Colors-

are vivid and energetic, and tend to advance in space.(red/yellow/ orange)

Additive Color-

color creation with light vs. pigment by adding the primary colors of light red blue, and green in various combinations and intensities. Adding all colored light produces white light.

Triadic Harmony-

color schemes composed of three colors equally spaced along the color wheel, such as green, purple, and orange.

Cool Colors-

cool colors are not overpowering and tend to recede in space. For this reason, cool colors typically make a space seem larger. Examples of cool colors include green, blue and violet (think calming blue waters).

Analogous-

describing color schemes resulting from two or more colors(2-4) adjacent to one another on the color wheel, such as blue, blue green and green.

Square Scheme-

four complimentary colors evenly spaced around the color wheel.

Diffraction

occurs when light is partially obstructed by an object. The interference of the light bends the waves around the edges of the object or opening and spreads outward, producing light, dark, or colored bands.

Refrlection

occurs when light strikes an object, and in the case of seeing color, the light reflected back from an object results in the color we see

Subtractive Color-

pigment color mixing using paint, dyes, colorants, and inks where red, blue, and yellow are commonly identified as the primary colors. (the subtraction of all color produces white.)

Complementary-

referring to two colors opposite one another on the color wheel; red/green, blue/orange, and violet/yellow

Achromatic-

refers to black, white, and gray, each of which is without color.

Value:

refers to how light or dark a color appears; the degree of lightness or darkness of a hue

Chroma-

refers to the purity of a color, completely absent of any white, gray or black that would lessen its intensity or saturation, tow additional terms acceptable for describing the color strength

refraction

results when one or more light rays moves through a light medium to another, denser medium such as air to water or a prism, causing light to bend. Colored lights results in a prism and rainbow when light is slowed due to the material it is passing through. This reduced speed allows for the spectral colors to be seen by the human eye.

Color-aid

system is a colored-paper system developed and used extensively by Josef Albers . it consists of 314 colors with 34 vivid hues(saturated colors) 100 tints (clean, light colors) 47 shades (dark, deep colors), and 114 pastels, 17 grays

pastels

the term for the group of very light colors or tints

Pantone

tool for color management, matching, identification, and communication of a color to produce color more accurately.

tetrad

using a combination of four colors on the wheel that are two sets of complements. EX: blue , orange with red and green

Split Complimentary

using any color with the two colors on each side of its compliment. Example: green with red-orange and red-violet

Secondary (hues)

violet, green and orange, each made from combining two primary hues; created by mixing primaries.

Intermediate Colors, Triad Colors, Primary Colors of light, secondary colors

violet, orange, and Green are?

Simultaneous Contrast-

when any two colors are placed side by side or surrounded by one or the other, resulting in a change in colors of high saturation or brightness.

spit-comp

yo, v,b y,rv,bv yg,r,rv gy,ro,rv bg,o,r b,yo,ro bv,y,o v,yo,yg rv,g,y r,bg,yg rob,g o,bv,bg