com chapter 11-15

Which of the following is NOT a quality a speaker should display for ethos? Multiple Choice goodwill toward the audience integrity a false sense of humility knowledge with the topic

a false sense of humility

If you are considering someone's ______________, you are evaluating his or her honesty. Multiple Choice charisma competence morals character

character

When Barack Obama ran for the U.S. presidency in 2008, unprecedented crowds gathered to hear him speak. He was well known for slogans such as, "Yes, we can" and "Change we can believe in." When Obama rallied crowds with such statements, he was relying on which of the following to increase his credibility? Multiple Choice character enthusiasm charisma competence

charisma

Which of the following is a component of credibility? Multiple Choice wisdom charisma vitality humor

charisma

A persuasive speech can be made even more powerful when the speaker uses Multiple Choice emotionally charged propositions. the same type of proposition multiple times. more than one type of proposition. logic-based propositions.

more than one type of proposition

Which of the following is NOT a rhetorical proof that can support persuasive messages? Multiple Choice pathos mythos logos ethos

mythos

Olivia's informative speech focuses on diabetes. After she finishes defining the disease, she discusses her own journey in dealing with diabetes as a child. In doing so, Olivia is using _______________ to create a richer mental image for her audience. Multiple Choice illustration representation narration explanation

narration

Penny is doing a speech on breast cancer survivors. She decides that it would be helpful for the audience to know firsthand, from someone who has survived the disease, what the struggle for survival was like. She meets with Cathy, who has been in remission for five years, to ask questions about the experience. Penny thinks this __________ will help make this topic more personal and emotional for the audience. Multiple Choice questionnaire interview survey observation

interview

In March 2012, the Hall of Fame quarterback and team vice president John Elway of the Denver Broncos spoke at a press conference in which he announced that Peyton Manning would be the new starting quarterback for the team. Elway spoke of Manning's past successes as well as his future potential with the team. After his remarks, Elway welcomed Manning to the stage. Elway's goal in giving the speech was to Multiple Choice inform. give honor. introduce. entertain.

introduce

Research shows that if you incorporate materials into your presentations that involve your listeners' sense of sight, hearing, touch, or smell, their _________ will be improved. Multiple Choice education learning memory attention

learning

Which of the following allows you to explore a variety of resources and offers the assistance of trained professionals who can help you navigate all of the available assets? Multiple Choice library research Internet research a personal observation an interview

library research

A __________ is a statement expressing a specific idea or theme related to the speech topic. Multiple Choice purpose title thesis main point

main point

You should always evaluate the ___________ of your audience, as some members may face cognitive limitations or learning disabilities. Multiple Choice physical capabilities mental capabilities age culture

mental capabilities

Which of the following is a form of propaganda in which speakers use terms with negative connotations to refer to their opponents? Multiple Choice ordinary folk moral labeling false dichotomy glowing generalization

moral labeling

Which pattern of organization is particularly useful when you are describing the steps of a process? Multiple Choice topic cause-and-effect space time

time

Jordan is responsible for training new employees at the restaurant where she works. She must let them know how to greet customers correctly, where to find the specials for each day, and how to ensure repeat business. What is Jordan's goal during these training sessions? Multiple Choice to introduce to persuade to inform to entertain

to inform

When you adopt a __________ pattern, you organize your main points to represent different categories. Multiple Choice space time topic cause-and-effect

topic

Which of the following is NOT a visual element of delivery? Multiple Choice facial expressions eye contact articulation gestures

articulation

If a speaker _________, he or she is providing the meaning of a word or concept. Multiple Choice defines describes demonstrates explains

defines

When your speech focuses on a concept that may be unfamiliar to your audience, you can support your use of that concept by _____________ it explicitly. Multiple Choice defining illuminating discussing explaining

defining

When you are ____________ a process, it's important to describe each step as you do it. Multiple Choice devising finishing defining demonstrating

demonstrating

Which of the following terms means showing how to do something as you explain it? Multiple Choice explaining describing defining demonstrating

demonstrating

Studies show that students who encounter both visual and auditory stimuli accurately recall more of what they learn than those with just one type of stimuli. Thus, of the four informative methods, _______________ might lead to higher retention in your audience. Multiple Choice explanation definition description demonstration

demonstration

Which method of informing would you most likely use while teaching your audience how to make a pizza? Multiple Choice demonstration representation definition narration

demonstration

Maggie is giving a persuasive speech on vegetarianism. In her pathos appeals, Maggie decides to appeal to ___________ by showing a graphic video of a cow being slaughtered. As the audience watches the cow suffer and struggle before it dies, Maggie can see they are appalled, and she is sure her pathos appeal was effective. Multiple Choice irritation disgust frustration shame

disgust

Arjen is giving a speech on euthanasia. He is giving a lot of information, so he is careful to use transitions. Therefore, when he comes to his final main point, he uses the signpost "Most significant" to Multiple Choice give additional examples. indicate a sequence of events. compare or contrast points. emphasize importance.

emphasize importance

__________ slides often take the form of bulleted lists of words or phrases that are relevant to the presenter's topic. Multiple Choice text video PowerPoint graphic

text

With a strong ________________, you'll find it much easier to construct the rest of your speech because you'll know exactly what you want to say to your audience. Multiple Choice preview statement purpose statement main idea thesis statement

thesis statement

If you are allotted 30 minutes to speak but use only 25 minutes, audiences usually appreciate your efficient use of Multiple Choice purpose. space. time. knowledge.

time

If a speaker makes the claim, "Since prayer was banned in public schools in 1963, violent crimes have increased dramatically," that speaker is committing what type of fallacy? Multiple Choice slippery slope false-cause bandwagon appeal ad hominem

False-Cause

Jocelyn is a dynamic, humorous speaker. When she is asked to give a eulogy for her former biology professor, she prepares a somber, serious speech commemorating the educator's contribution to his field. In order to give a speech appropriate for the occasion, Jocelyn most likely asked herself, Multiple Choice "How much do I know about this topic?" "What is the emotional tone of the event?" "How appropriate is this topic for my audience?" "How much do I care about this topic?"

"what is the emotional tone of the event"

In his Treatise on Rhetoric, which Greek philosopher described three forms of rhetorical proof? Multiple Choice Socrates Thales Plato Aristotle

Aristotle

____________ are movements of the hands, arms, or head that express meaning. Multiple Choice Expressions Signals Gesticulations Gestures

Gestures

Sound recordings, movies, and photographs are examples of which of the following? electronic print materials nonprint materials periodicals books

Nonprint materials

If your presentation aids overpower your speech instead of embellish it, you probably did not follow which guideline for effective aids? Multiple Choice Consider the context. Remember your goal. Have a backup plan. Practice with your presentation aids.

Remember your goal

Trish loves using PowerPoint during presentations at work. She enjoys incorporating sound effects, fancy slide transitions, and moving graphics. However, she never seems to get good reviews on her speeches from her boss. Instead, he complains that he finds her presentations to be distracting and that he has a hard time learning during her speeches. What guideline should Trish consider before preparing her next slideshow presentation? Multiple Choice Have a backup plan. Strive for simplicity. Remember the goal. Consider the context.

Strive for simplicity

Elton is preparing a speech on health care reform in the United States. He plans to use Michael Moore's documentary Sicko and an editorial from the New York Times. What is the problem with Elton's sources? Multiple Choice They are credible. They current. They are objective. They are subjective.

They are subjective

"Today, I'd like to share with you the top three islands to visit in Hawaii. First, we'll start off on the Big Island. Then, we'll move on to Maui. We'll end our tour on the island of Oahu." This is an example of which of the following? Multiple Choice a preview a thesis an opening statement a purpose

a preview

Wendy has never enjoyed giving speeches, so when she is assigned an informative speech in her communication course, she immediately feels worried and stressed. As she begins working on the speech, her anxiety starts to decrease because she feels more in control of the situation. However, immediately before her speech, Wendy feels the pressure to perform and is very stressed once again. Wendy has been experiencing what type of anxiety? Multiple Choice reactionary anticipatory speech normal

anticipatory

Exciting, thrilling, and stimulating are _____________ for the word boring. Multiple Choice denotations antonyms connotations synonyms

antonyms

Good public speakers engage in ______________, which means thinking carefully about the characteristics of their listeners in order to address their listeners in the most effective way. Multiple Choice topic analysis psychoanalysis self-analysis audience analysis

audience analysis

Which of the following is NOT a guideline for crafting a strong purpose statement? Multiple Choice Be informative. Be specific. Be declarative.

be informative

Liza is surfing the Internet when she sees an ad for a weight-loss product. Although she usually ignores such ads, this one is a large ad that specifically states what the product can do. Liza is intrigued, so she "clicks through" the ad to get the details of the advertised weight-loss product. Liza's _________ have been influenced by the online ad. Multiple Choice behaviors opinions norms beliefs

behaviors

Phil is giving his persuasive speech about legalizing stem cell research. He knows that some of his audience members might have an issue with whether stem cells are taken from viable fetuses, so he knows that his first job as a persuasive speaker is to influence their __________ about where stem cells come from. Multiple Choice thoughts actions beliefs values

beliefs

Desmond has worked very hard on his PowerPoint presentation, so during his speech he spends a lot of time talking about what is on the screen. Afterward, he gets feedback from several audience members who said that, although the PowerPoint was a good visual aid, they felt Desmond was ignoring them, and at times it was hard to hear him. When using his visual aid, Desmond most likely forgot about what aspect of his delivery? Multiple Choice appearance gestures facial expressions body position

body position

Which of the following strategies encourages you to identify as many ideas as possible without stopping to evaluate them? Multiple Choice brainstorming innovating ideawriting listing

brainstorming

If a professor seems organized, prepared, and professional, what is he or she demonstrating? Multiple Choice competence wisdom charisma character

competence

Gustav is giving a speech on abortion. He feels it is important to define the word life, as it is central to his speech. Gustav says, "Life is defined as the moment a heart starts beating, which is just 22 days after conception." Since this is not a dictionary definition but a meaning often cited by one side of the abortion debate, Gustav is using a ______________ meaning for life. Multiple Choice synonymous symbolic connotative denotative

connotative

_______________ can be just as persuasive as full syllogisms, but only if listeners accept the validity of both the omitted premise and the premise that is stated. Multiple Choice enthymemes lines of reasoning hypotheses arguments

enthymemes

Relief organizations frequently enlist the aid of celebrities to raise funds to support their causes. The actress Alyssa Milano has promoted the cause of the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), and Angelina Jolie Pitt was named as a special envoy to the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. These celebrities' successful efforts reflect the persuasive power that __________ can have. Multiple Choice logos mythos pathos ethos

ethos

What word refers to occurrences that are noteworthy for the meanings they represent? Multiple Choice events concepts issues polices

events

To consider the context or situation of your speaking engagement, which of the following would you evaluate about your audience? Multiple Choice culture political orientation existing knowledge age

existing knowledge

Which of the following terms means revealing why something occurred or how something works? Multiple Choice defining explaining demonstrating describing

explaining

Which type of speech is one that is carefully prepared to sound as though it is being delivered spontaneously? Multiple Choice extemporaneous impromptu memorized scripted

extemporaneous

Avoiding ___________ during a speech is a response to fear that makes the speaker feel hidden and protected; having it can make the speaker feel vulnerable because it acknowledges that the audience is evaluating the speaker. Multiple Choice gestures facial expressions good posture eye contact

eye contact

During a presentation at her company's board of directors, Aiyana does not want to acknowledge that the board is evaluating her speech; she prefers to feel hidden and protected by looking at her notes. Unfortunately, as a result of her delivery, most of the board feels that Aiyana isn't being honest about her proposal, and therefore the board votes against her. What aspect of delivery did Aiyana most likely neglect? Multiple Choice eye contact body position personal appearance facial expressions

eye contact

Answering questions such as "What do you talk about the most with your friends and family?" and "What is your fantasy career?" relates to what brainstorming technique? finding topics that you care about finding topics that are relevant finding topics that are current finding topics that are in the news

finding topics that you care about

Most speeches have between two and _____ main points. Multiple Choice four five three six

five

Which of the following is NOT an important factor in using gestures during a speech? Multiple Choice Gestures should be spontaneous but look planned. Gestures should look spontaneous rather than planned. Gestures should be appropriate in number. Gestures should be appropriate in size for the proximity of your audience.

gestures should be spontaneous but look planned

Blake is giving a persuasive speech against product testing on animals. Although his facts and figures are compelling, he knows images of the abused animals will be more effective. Therefore, Blake prepares a slideshow presentation with many ___________ slides featuring pictures of animals used in product testing. Multiple Choice text video graphic pictorial

graphic

Even if your audience doesn't have direct experience with your topic, you can make it relevant by asking your listeners to imagine themselves in a(n) ______________ situation. Multiple Choice unfamiliar similar relevant hypothetical

hypothetical

What is the first step in crafting a purpose statement? Multiple Choice Decide on your main point. Identify your topic and your general goal. Identify your thesis. Consider exactly what you want to inform or persuade your listeners about.

identify your topic and your general goal

What are the two types of reasoning? Multiple Choice inductive and deductive reductive and deductive inductive and productive reductive and productive

inductive and deductive

Becky has been asked by a local high school to speak to the environmental club. She's a bit nervous, as she doesn't know the audience. She wants to get some information about who the students are and what matters to them, and she also wants to signal that she cares about them. What is the best way for Becky to build this type of rapport? Multiple Choice maintaining eye contact while she speaks opening with a story interacting with her listeners before she speaks using humor when appropriate

interacting with her listeners before she speaks

Charlie gives an informative speech on the Barbie doll. She focuses on the history of the doll and its influence on pop culture. Charlie is giving what type of informative speech? Multiple Choice object concept event people

object

Even if you have a fascinating topic and a compelling thesis statement, listeners will quickly lose interest if your presentation lacks coherence and Multiple Choice closure. organization. transitions. visual aids.

organization

It is important to be _____________ during a speech because most people process information best in a limited number of segments at a time. Multiple Choice detailed cohesive organized practical

organized

When a speaker is building a speech, which of the following reflects the speech's design and helps the speaker decide what materials will be needed? Multiple Choice blueprint organizational pattern outline thesis

outline

These three main points follow what rule of outlining? (1) The 2010 World Cup was held in South Africa. (2) The 2010 World Cup was sponsored by the F�d�ration Internationale de Football Association. (3) The 2010 World Cup was more highly attended than the 2006 World Cup in Germany. Multiple Choice clarity division subordination parallel structure

parallel structure

For her informative speech on nonverbal leave-taking behaviors, Harper goes to a local airport when she knows that a group of Marines is being deployed overseas. She observes the different ways families and friends say good-bye to the departing troops. In her speech, Harper then discusses this __________________ as a form of support. Multiple Choice experience personal observation research nonprint material

personal observation

When using ___________________ as supporting material, it is vital to remember that your study may not accurately reflect the behaviors of the population at large. Multiple Choice online resources databases personal observation nonprint materials

personal observation

Jay's informative speech is on the United States' ____________ during the Cold War era. Jay plans to discuss how the United States utilized "containment" abroad and McCarthyism at home to respond to the real and perceived spread of communism. Multiple Choice events concepts issues policies

policies

If a speaker makes a claim about what we "should do," what type of proposition is he or she making? Multiple Choice action fact value policy

policy

When asking yourself questions such as "Will my listeners be required to attend, or will they assemble by choice?" and "Is the occasion joyous or somber?" you are considering your audience's Multiple Choice time. knowledge. purpose. size.

purpose

To maximize your effectiveness as a speaker, consider the ___________ your speech, which reflects why your audience will come together to hear you. Multiple Choice size of prior knowledge about time available for purpose of

purpose of

A ___________ is a declaration of the specific goal of your speech. Multiple Choice preview statement purpose statement thesis statement speech goal

purpose statement

Ben is doing a speech on communication apprehension in college students. He decides that a(n) _______________ would be the most efficient way to see how a large number of speech students feel about communication apprehension. Multiple Choice observation survey poll questionnaire

questionnaire

To build __________ is to create the perception that your listeners see things similarly to the way you do. Multiple Choice rapport Correct ethos credibility pathos

rapport

Kuan-yin has a background in collegiate debate, so she knows that it is important to express as much information as possible in the allotted time. She is hired by a local public relations firm to do community outreach. During her first speech at a local senior citizens' home, she notices that her listeners quickly lose interest, and many of them seem to tune her out. Given her background, it is likely that Kuan-yin's ___________ was not appropriate for her audience. Multiple Choice volume pitch inflection rate

rate

Which of the following is NOT a basic style of delivery? Multiple Choice impromptu extemporaneous memorized read

read

To ________________ means to make judgments about the world based on evidence rather than emotion or intuition. Multiple Choice analyze examine deduce reason

reason

Main points should be _________ because you don't want any of your points to seem out of place. Multiple Choice arranged related distinct equally important

related

Which of the following is NOT an effective strategy for gathering supporting material for a speech? Multiple Choice Determine the type of support you require. Evaluate the quality of supporting material. Identify places in your speech where you need support. Remember that taking something from the Internet is not plagiarism.

remember that taking something from the internet is not plagiarism

Which of the following is NOT a way to deal with public speaking anxiety? Multiple Choice Desensitize yourself. Understand that public speaking anxiety is an abnormal response. Focus your nervous energy. Visualize yourself giving a successful performance.

response

Opinions reflect what we think __________, not necessarily what is. Multiple Choice might have been should be could be used to be

should be

When deciding on activities and tone, you should be concerned with audience ________, as a speech to a dozen people is different than a speech to 200. Multiple Choice demographics makeup size attitude

size

In the popular book Eat, Pray, Love, the author Elizabeth Gilbert explores three countries in terms of their cuisine and religious and sacred rituals. Gilbert uses the book to connect food to which type of need? Multiple Choice instrumental identity spiritual physical

spiritual

It is important to _____________ when dealing with public speaking anxiety because if you don't, self-fulfilling prophecy can cause you to have a poor performance simply because you expect that you will. Multiple Choice stay positive accept public speaking anxiety as normal desensitize yourself focus your nervous energy

stay positive

When a speech is organized using the rule of subordination, the most important concepts are the main points, and the less important concepts are Multiple Choice subpoints. de-emphasized. support. eliminated.

subpoints

Adore, worship, and care for are ____________ for the word love. Multiple Choice synonyms denotations antonyms connotations

synonyms

Kenny is writing a persuasive speech on the existence of extraterrestrial or alien life. His thesis is "Extraterrestrial life is a fact, backed up by extensive scientific study and government involvement." After doing his research, however, Kenny feels that he cannot support his original thesis, so he rewrites it to state, "Extraterrestrial life has been a hot topic of debate for decades, with a lot of speculation and very little proof." Kenny is following what guideline for crafting his thesis? Multiple Choice Tell the truth. Make a statement. Keep it exciting. Be concrete.

tell the truth

Children often __________ sounds when articulating, for example saying "pa-sghetti" rather than "spaghetti." Multiple Choice add delete transpose substitute

transpose

According to the rule of division, in an outline, if you divide a point into subpoints, you must create at least ________ subpoints. Multiple Choice four two three five

two

While researching his informative speech on Nostradamus, Matias thinks the information he finds on Wikipedia will be more interesting for his listeners than the information he finds in periodicals. Since his topic isn't that serious anyway, Matias figures it would keep the audience more engaged if he uses the information from Wikipedia. Matias is not following which guideline for ensuring the accuracy of his information? Multiple Choice Be clear about what he is speculating. Use information from reputable sources. Incorporate verbal footnotes. Understand the information he is reporting.

using information from reputable sources

if listeners have a(n) _______________ your speech, they have an inherent motivation to pay attention. Multiple Choice vested interest in concentration on awareness of curiosity about

vented interest in

College students will most likely have a(n) ______________ a speech on scholarships because many of them would like extra financial assistance to attend college. Multiple Choice awareness of curiosity about need for vested interest in

vested interest in

Which of the following would NOT appear on a graphic slide? Multiple Choice table chart video picture

video

Which of the following is NOT a vocal element of effective delivery? Multiple Choice rate pitch articulation vocabulary

vocabulary

If you read Time magazine or visit a website such as www.cnn.com, you are answering what question for brainstorming? Multiple Choice What topics are in the news? What topics are interesting? What topics are relevant? What topics do you care about?

what topics are in the news?

When identifying a topic that is right for the occasion, you should ask yourself, Multiple Choice What do I know about this topic? Why am I speaking? How much will my audience care about this topic? How much do I know about this topic?

why am i speaking?