com sci unit 2Which of the following best describes the protocols used on the Internet?

Best describe how computing devices represent information

A computer represents data as bits which is either a 0 or a 1

The Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) defines the protocols and standards for how the Internet works. The members of the IETF are:

A loosely organized collection of citizens and engineers how communicate mostly by email

Website tool that shows all of the features and functions of a specific programming language.

API

Which of the following best explains what happens when a new device is connected to the Internet?

An Internet Protocol (IP) address is assigned to the device

Arman takes a picture with his smartphone which he subsequently posts online. Beatrice finds the picture online and posts a copy of it on her website with an attached Creative Commons license. Which of the following best describes who owns the photo?

Arman owns the photo because he was the original creator and did not license the work.

Error that occurs when your outputted results aren't what you expect.

Bug

Which of the following is true of collaboration? Select two answers.

Collaboration eases the debugging process. Collaboration keeps participants focused and sharing a similar mindset.

Which of the following is NOT a reason to include comments in programs

Comments help the computer decide whether certain components of a program are important.

Which of the following is true of intellectual property?

Creative Commons enables content creators to freely distribute their otherwise copyrighted work.

A ___________ HTTP request is used when the user requests information, but does not enter anything into the page

GET

How does a computer turn a domain name into an IP address?

It asks a DNS server for the corresponding IP address

What row has an error? 1 - onEvent("downButton" "click", function( ); { 2 - setProperty("downButton", "hidden", true); 3 - setProperty("playButton", "hidden", true); 4 - setProperty("stopButton", "hidden", true);

1

our computer uses 4 bits to represent decimal numbers (0, 1, 2, 3 and so on) in binary. What is the SMALLEST number for which an overflow error occur?

16 (4 to the second power= 4x4=16)

Which row has an error? 1 - onEvent("smiley", "mouseover", function( ) { 2 - setProperty("smiley", "background-color", rgb(randomNumber(0, 256), randomNumber(0, 256), randomNumber(0, 256))); 3 - setProperty("smiley", "x", randomNumber(0, 120)); 4 - setProperty("smiley", "y", randomNumber(0, 250));

2

Each setProperty command requires how many inputs?

3

This diagram shows a number of computing devices connected to the Internet with each line representing a direct connection.What is the MINIMUM number of paths that would need to be broken to prevent Computing Device A from connecting with Computing Device E?

3

Convert the binary (base-2) number 1001 to decimal (base-10).

9

When a new device is connected to the Internet, a packet number is assigned to that device.

False

console.log outputs messages to both the programmer and the user of an app.

False

Which line of code in this program is MOST likely to result in an error?

Line 2

What will happen when you click on the smiley object?

Nothing

Which of the following best describes the protocols used on the Internet?

The protocols of the Internet are open and used by all devices connected to the network

Which of the following is true of how the Internet has responded to the increasing number of devices now using the network?

The protocols of the Internet were designed to scale as new devices are added

With regards to abstraction on the Internet, each layer of the Internet Protocol Stack only needs to concern itself with its specific job.

True

UNIT 1

UNIT 1

UNIT 3

UNIT 3

Lucy is completing a project as part of a science class using materials she found online. Which of the following is MOST LIKELY to lead to legal consequences

Using images posted online by another student without permission or citation.

How do computers represent numbers?

With a fixed number of bits some numbers are too large to represent in a computer which will lead to overflow errors.

Two devices are connected to the Internet and communicating with one another. A squirrel chews through one of the wires in the network that is currently being used by the devices to communicate. The network immediately begins using a different path through the network and communication continues as normal. This situation best exemplifies which principle?

fault-tolerance

Which is the correct way to name a button?

homeButton

The hawk moving from one location to another is an example of ___________.

output

Type of error that occurs when the code is missing a quotation mark when one is needed.

syntax error

The backgrounds, images, buttons or menus that a user sees on an app.

user interface

In event-driven programs, events occur ____________?

when triggered

Which row has an error? 1 - onEvent(cowImage, "click", function( ) {2 - playSound("sound://category_animals/moo.mp3");3 - setProperty("animalText", "text", "Cow");4 - });

1

Information that is between two quotation marks.

string

How many total numbers can be represented with an 8-bit binary (base-2) system?

256 (2^8)

Which TWO of the following statements are true about routing on the Internet (select two answers)?

A packet traveling between two computers on the Internet may be rerouted many times along the way A packet contains addressing information to allow routers to decide how best to forward along that packet towards its destination

Jesse purchases a new smartphone and is immediately able to use it to send a photo over the Internet to a friend who lives in a different country. Which of the following is NOT necessary to make this possible?

A single direct connection is established between any two devices connected to the Internet

Which of the following situations is most likely to cause issues arising from the digital divide?

A state makes voter registration forms available only by visiting a government website

Which of the following binary (base-2) numbers is LARGEST? A. 11000000 B. 01111111 C. 00000001 D. 10111111

A. 11000000

What is NOT true of how computers represent complex information?

Abstraction helps represent complex information by surfacing complexity that might otherwise be hidden

Researchers have developed a simulation of packets traveling between server computers and client computers in a network. Of the following, which two outcomes are most likely to be results of the simulation (select two answers)?

Better understanding of the impact of increased connections speeds for frequently visited servers Better understanding of the effect of temporarily unavailable network connections

Which of the following best describes the purpose of a design specification?

Describing the requirements for how a program will work or users will interact with it

Which stage in the development process would involve you sketching out the screens of your app?

Design

____________ are used in the place of IP address because they are easier to remember by humans.

Domain names

Routers do not monitor current network conditions in determining the fastest route for packets to take in reaching their destinations.

False

The various protocols in use on the internet are said to operate in layers in which the protocol(s) at each layer solve one problem related to networked communication, and higher layers are built on top of, and rely on, the lower layers to do their jobs. From the list provided choose the two (2) answers that correctly describe which internet protocol relies on the other. For example: if protocol A relies on protocol B, it means that A is a higher-level protocol than B, and thus protocol B must exist and work properly in order for protocol A to do its job. Select two answers.

HTTP relies on TCP/IP DNS relies on TCP/IP

HTTP is considered to be a high level protocol because:

HTTP requests make use of abstractions provided by lower level protocols

A car manufacturer uses simulation software during the design process for a new car. Which of the following are reasons to use simulation software in this context? I. Using simulation software can save the company money by helping to compare designs early in the process, before prototype cars are built. II. Using simulation software can help to identify safety issues by providing data about how different mechanical components will interact in a wide variety of situations .III. The manufacturer can present simulation software to customers to demonstrate different design possibilities.

I, II and III

What is the correct order of elements in a setProperty command?

ID, property, value

The layer in the Internet Protocol Stack that handles the assigning of IP Addresses.

IP

Which of the following best describes the purpose of an IP address?

IP addresses provide a unique number for identifying devices that send and receive information on the Internet

Which of the following BEST describes the differences between sequential and event-driven programming?

In sequential programming commands run in the order they are written. In event-driven programming some commands run in response to user interactions or other events.

Which of the following is true of how packets are sent through the Internet?

Packet metadata is used to route and reassemble information travelling through the Internet

Which of the following is MOST likely to be an outcome of the digital divide?

People from some racial or ethnic groups have unequal access to computing technology.

Which of the following is a true statement about program documentation?

Program documentation is useful during initial program development and also when modifications are to existing programs.

When programmers work together, what is an example of how abstraction in programming can promote collaboration?

Programmers can use functions created by their partners, relying on the functionality without needing to know the specific details of how the function is implemented

An Internet Service Provider (ISP) is a company that builds the routers and wired connections that allow individuals to access the Internet. An ISP is considering adding additional redundant connections to its network. Which of the following best describes why the company would choose to do so?

Redundant networks are more reliable

The layer in the Internet Protocol Stack that puts the packets in order and reassembles the message once received:

TCP

Which of the following is NOT true about TCP/IP packets?

TCP guarantees that no packets are ever dropped

Which of the following is a characteristic of the fault-tolerant nature of routing on the Internet?

The ability to provide data transmission even when some connections have failed

Two computers are built by different manufacturers. One is running a Web server and the other is running a Web browser. Which of the following best describes the ability of the two computers to communicate with each other across the Internet?

The computers can communicate directly because Internet communication uses standard protocols

A user enters a Web address in a browser, and a request for a file is sent to a Web server. Which of the following best describes how the file is sent to the user?

The file is broken into packets for transmission. The packets must be reassembled upon receipt

Which is true of this onEvent?

The hawk and sparrow will relocate to a random location when you move the mouse over them.

Jorge is sending a large image file to a friend as part of a shared classroom project. Which of the following is most likely true if Jorge opts to compress the image before sending it?

The image will require fewer bits in order to be represented.

Emilee is watching an online video. The video is being sent to her laptop by a server over the Internet which splits the video into packets and sends them in the order they appear in the video. Which of the following is true about how the packets will arrive at her computer?

The packets may arrive out of order

When visiting a museum Lian takes a photo of a painting with a smartphone which stores the photo as an image file. Which of the following best describes the differences between the painting itself and the photo of the painting stored on the smartphone?

The photo is a digital representation of the analog painting

A program is expressed in a programming language. Which of the following is true of the program?

The program can also be expressed as binary code, but will be more easily understood by humans when expressed in a higher-level programming language.

Which of the following are FALSE regarding creating comments in your coding?

They allow you to share your coding with other programmers

A group of students with no coding experience decide to develop an anti-bullying mobile application. Which of the following will make their work easier? Select two answers.

They may make use of other code, accessible through APIs Working together, each individual's tasks are smaller

In which of the following stages of the development process is a team MOST likely to interview a potential user of an app?

investigating and reflecting

Which of the following Internet protocols is used to request and send pages and files on the World Wide Web?

HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP)

Convert the decimal (base-10) number 20 to binary (base-2).

10100

What is the purpose of a router?

It forwards a message from one device to another

This diagram shows a number of computing devices connected to the Internet with each line representing a direct connection.Device A is attempting to send data over the Internet to Device E. Which of the following is true of how the data will travel through the network?

It is possible that the data travels through any of the devices in the network before arriving at device E

What is true about lossy and lossless compression algorithms?

Lossy compression algorithms are typically better than lossless compression algorithms at reducing the number of bits needed to represent a piece of data.

Ryan is designing an app that needs to quickly send low quality photos between users. Most smartphones take much higher quality photos than Ryan needs for his app. Which answer best describes the type of compression Ryan should choose and why?

Lossy compression since it typically results in smaller data sizes.

Which of the following BEST describes how protocols on the Internet (e.g. IP, TCP, HTTP) make use of abstraction to accomplish their respective purposes?

Low level protocols can provide functionality to high level protocols without revealing the details of how this is accomplished

When sending a message across routers in the Internet Simulator, your message sometimes jumped multiple routers (for example instead of being sent from Router 1 to 2, it went from Router 1 to 8 to 4 then to 2). What is this concept called?

Network Redundancy

Why is IP v4 going to be replaced by IPv6?

We are running out of IPv4 addresses

The following program is run. Then the user clicks the "bottomButton" TWO TIMES. What will be displayed in the console?

bbb ddd ccc ccc

If the user does NOT click the button what color will "topButton" be when this program finishes running?

blue

What will the "background-color" of the "topButton" be when the program is finished running?

blue

Which UI element name is not conventionally appropriate?

button1

The following program is run. Then the user clicks the "topButton" button ONCE. What will be displayed in the console?

cat dog bird

The following program is run. Then the user clicks the "bottomButton" ONCE and then clicks the "topButton" ONCE. What will be displayed in the console?

ccc bbb aaa