COMM 410 Quiz Questions

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A major problem with Internet research is establishing the authenticity of individuals in cyberspace.

True

A null hypothesis shows no relationship between variables.

True

A spurious relationship occurs where a relationship between variables has been found but is actually explained by another variable the researcher was not focused on.

True

A study that includes every member of a population is a census.

True

An advantage of qualitative methods is that they often have higher "real-life" validity.

True

Authority is the way of knowing that comes because someone said it.

True

Branching is routing respondents around questions they do not need to answer.

True

Content analysis can be done using computer software.

True

Content analysis can be used to analyze the behavior of individuals as well as analyzing texts.

True

Content analysis data can be analyzed statistically.

True

Convenience sampling is named that due to the convenience for the researcher.

True

Correlation is a measure of the strength of the relationship between two variables.

True

Deduction is reasoning from theory to observation.

True

Degrees of freedom is an estimate of the number of independent pieces of information on which an estimate is based.

True

Double-barreled questions ask two questions simultaneously but allow for only one answer.

True

Content analysis is a qualitative, systematic, and subjective technique for describing the manifest content of communications.

False

Descriptive statistics help us make generalizations about a population from a smaller sample of that population.

False

Focus groups are basically the same as interviews.

False

Generally, quantitative methods and statistics provide greater insight into human communication than qualitative methods.

False

In an asynchronous focus group, members interact with one another in "real time."

False

In searching the scholarly literature, "relevance" and "quality" mean the same.

False

It is not necessary to explain to readers that deception was used in your research report.

False

It is not necessary to record the complete bibliographic information when doing a literature search.

False

Letters or postcards letting potential respondents know that they will be getting a research phone call or questionnaire are unlikely to increase the response rate.

False

Mean, median, and mode all summarize data in the same way.

False

Mean, median, and mode are all measures of dispersion.

False

Observation is a tool that can measure all communication phenomena.

False

One issue with postal sampling frames is the high response rates.

False

Open-ended questions are the most common format in most surveys.

False

Qualitative researchers look for relationships among phenomena.

False

Scientific methods often combine control, tenacity, and exploration.

False

Snowball sampling strives to obtain representative samples that statistically represent the overall population.

False

The goal of experimental design is to determine correlations.

False

The leadership in my organization is ______. Powerful - - - Weak The above is an example of a Likert Scale.

False

The results from surveys of Internet users can be easily generalized to nonusers.

False

Good experimental design does not require nonprobability sampling.

True

If a measure has "face validity," it means the questions appear to measure what they're supposed to measure.

True

If your results are reliable, it means other researchers doing your study should get basically the same results each time.

True

In a statistically perfect world, data conform to a symmetrical so-called normal curve.

True

In asking about the validity of an experiment, a researcher is asking whether the experiment captured the concepts the researcher intended to capture.

True

In panel studies, a group of individuals is sampled and recruited, and the same individuals are retained to answer questions over time.

True

Inferential statistics are based on the assumption that the sample studied is randomly selected.

True

Inferential statistics are based on the assumption that the sampled population has normally distributed characteristics.

True

Inferential statistics help us make generalizations about a population from a smaller sample of that population.

True

Interval measures assume an equal distance between points on a scale.

True

Interviews generally consist of a series of questions asked by a researcher in order to elicit information he or she is interested in.

True

One way to review literature includes treating it like journalism—asking questions of who, what, where, when, why, and how.

True

Peer-reviewed articles are likely to be high-quality studies.

True

Question format and wording are very important and influence respondents' answers to survey questions.

True

Ratio scales measure from a "true" zero point.

True

Relevance" and "quality" are two goals of a literature search for your study.

True

Scholarly publication articles are peer-reviewed and use citations.

True

Social scientists assume that human behavior and thought can be measured objectively.

True

Social scientists often bring the assumption of an external "real" world that can be observed, understood, and agreed on to the study of human interaction.

True

Stratified random sampling is a way to ensure that small but important subgroups of a population are captured in a sample.

True

Studies based on explanation attempt to answer the "why?" question.

True

Surveys are a useful method for quantitative research.

True

The "Veil of Ignorance" approach asks us to take a dispassionate approach, reviewing all sides of a decision equally.

True

The Hawthorne effect refers to increases in worker productivity explained by workers apparently interpreting research by management as management taking an interest in them.

True

The basic assumption behind probability sampling is that the sample will reflect the broader population from which it is drawn.

True

The biggest challenge of Internet sampling is the difficulty in developing an Internet sampling frame.

True

The chi-square test assesses the differences in the distribution of data between groups.

True

The concept of "theory as grounded in data" means that a theory is expected to emerge as data analysis proceeds.

True

The first step to content analysis is developing a research question or hypothesis.

True

The focus of internal validity is on experimental design.

True

The only numbers researchers can get from nominal variables are counts or percentages.

True

The principle of utilitarianism argues for the greatest good for the greatest number.

True

The two tests most commonly used to see if two groups differ in some way are the t-test and chi-square test.

True

To determine causation, the dependent variable must be caused by the independent variable.

True

Understanding human communication through observations is known as empiricism.

True

Books and journals published by a university press are unbiased.

False

Both the t test and the chi-square test look for differences in average scores between two groups.

False

"To what extent do my sample data reflect the wider population from which I sampled?" is a question that inferential statistics cannot answer.

False

A "pilot" study is a follow-up study done after an initial study.

False

A hypothesis is a question about the relationship between variables.

False

A research question is a statement about the relationships you expect to find between two variables.

False

A research study that finds nothing is an invalid study.

False

Although a research study only has volunteers who are students, it's acceptable to generalize to all people.

False

"Coding" typically means assigning units of information to a category.

True

"Freshman, sophomore, junior, senior" is an example of an ordinal level of measurement.

True

"How many violent acts occur on "Game of Thrones?" is a question that content analysis can answer.

True

A Judeo-Christian test of ethical behavior is "would you be willing to be a participant in your research study yourself?"

True

A data set consists of all the data from a research project.

True


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