Comm Ch 12
Which of the following is the best entry for a slide depicting wasteful spending, if you wish to make the message especially memorable?
$$$ wasted!
Matt is creative and quite skilled with computer applications. He is preparing a speech on gun ownership in the United States and how it compares to that in three other major industrialized nations. He would like to communicate the statistical information in a manner that is easily processed by listeners, as well as in a way they will find particularly interesting. What sort of visual aid would you recommend that he use?
A 3-D pie graph with the largest sector front and center and pulled out slightly
When it comes to visual aids and their effect in comparison to purely verbal messages, which of the following is valid?
A listener's recall is quicker, more accurate, and more lasting.
Rex is creating a handout for his speech. On the handout he provides the email address of his listeners' state representative, along with a sample message they might send the representative about a particular bill. When should Rex distribute the handout?
At the end of his speech, while he is encouraging them to act.
Faune will use a model of the human heart in her speech. When should she display it?
At the precise moment it's needed, and cover it when it's no longer needed
Sarah prepared a transparency featuring a bar graph based on data she found in a book. To be ethical, Sarah must do which of the following?
Cite the source orally and at the bottom of the transparency.
Rikki wants to use a chart in her speech. She has software that will allow her to construct the graph, but the meeting room in which she is to speak is not equipped with a computer and none is available for her use. The meeting room is outfitted with a chalkboard, an easel, and an overhead projector. How might she best proceed?
Create the chart via computer and print or transfer it onto transparency film.
What should you keep in mind about slides and transparencies that feature words or numbers?
Keep the entries concise so the audience can process them with a glance.
When using a bulleted list in a PowerPoint slideshow, which of the following is a good guideline?
Limit each bullet to key words that can be processed at a glance.
Raul is creating a bulleted list of subpoints to highlight various proposals for improving retention rates in high schools. He knows to keep the list simple-confined to key words or phrases. What else should he be mindful of as he devises and uses the listing?
Present the bullets one at a time as each is discussed.
This type of visual assistance, if not used with restraint, can easily become more distracting than useful if the user allows it to compete with spoken words or to become the presentation.
Presentational software
While advocating that the state rush approval of 16 new coal-fired power plants, the Governor displayed pictures of the state's major metropolitan areas, at night, with brightly-lit skylines and remarked upon their beauty. He then displayed pictures of working families, smiling as they held what was to be a lower monthly electrical bill. While listening to the governor, Niko thought about other, less favorable images that could be shown. For example, the Harvard School of Public Health revealed that SO2 emissions from power plants significantly harm the cardiovascular and respiratory health of people who live near the plants, and EPA studies identified fine particle pollution from power plants as responsible for more than 20,000 premature deaths a year. Why not show pictures of smoke pouring from the smokestacks? Why not show pictures of persons on oxygen? Why not show pictures of the many children who suffered? Niko's ability to think discerningly about the images used by the governor illustrates the necessity that we all develop our skill in ________.
visual literacy
What impact does a good visual aid have upon a speaker's credibility?
Visual aids can enhance credibility because the speaker is seen as more organized and more interested in audience understanding.
Audiences typically prefer the use of _____ in visual communications.
vivid color
When using multiple lines on a line graph, one should ______.
w & z
Lane has designed a nice poster for his presentation about shaken baby syndrome. The poster provides a detailed inventory of the physical harms caused by shaking. In order to maximize the effectiveness of the aid, when should he display it?
While he is discussing the physical harms caused by shaking
To achieve the best contrast in computer-generated slides, use the following color scheme.
White text, blue background
This type of visual aid device, if not used carefully, can hinder communication more than it helps. A principal problem is that when using it speakers often lose contact with the audience.
white board
Jasmine used a few vivid graphs during her speech. As a result, her listeners would likely think _____.
x. & y.
When creating a slide for a computer-generated slideshow, which of the following constitute good guidelines?
y & z
The council member is meeting with a small group of citizens for a brainstorming session on how the city might better organize and promote its "clean-up-our-parks" day. Which presentational aid would be the best option for stimulating discussion and recording and organizing data to later compile in a report to the city?
a flipchart
The president of Big Sky University has recruited several students to chair brainstorming sessions on how to increase and enhance green spaces around their campus. Which presentational aid would be the best option for stimulating discussion and recording and organizing data to later compile in a report to the president?
a flipchart
Researchers have found that human brains extract information more quickly and easily from _____.
an audiovisual message
Jake wanted to compare and contrast the spending of the four candidates running for President. To do so, Jake should use a _____.
bar graph
Shyla wanted to compare and contrast last year's profits of the "big three" U.S. automakers. To do so, Shyla should use a _____.
bar graph
In a computer-generated slideshow, these can be your most important slides.
blank slides
When using computer-generated graphics, be mindful that ____ guards against washout.
contrast
The key to using visual aids effectively is to ____.
control and direct the audience's attention
When constructing a pie graph, one should ______.
create a two-dimensional pie
In her speech, Avery is using a slide with a line graph she created to convey how enrollment in technical schools has been trending upward. She bases the graph on information from the U.S. Bureau of Labor. To meet her ethical accountability as well as lend credibility to her point that "training for a specific trade is on the rise," Avery should _____.
enter her source beneath the graph plus cite it orally for listeners to hear
Enrique has created a slide with a map to document the spread of White-Nose Syndrome, a disease that is decimating North American bat colonies. He bases the map on information from the National Wildlife Health Center. To meet his ethical accountability as well as lend credibility to his point that "the disease is spreading at an alarming rate," Enrique should _____.
enter his source beneath the map plus cite it orally during his presentation
During her speech, Sophie projects a bulleted list of her subpoints as she discusses them. To use the visual assistance most effectively, Sophie should _____.
face her audience and talk to them, not the screen, to remain connected
Which type of visual aid is best for helping your audience to follow through on your message after the speech?
handouts
Mica wanted to demonstrate the increase in medical costs over the past ten years as compared with the increase in real income for the same period. The best visual aid to accomplish this would be a ____.
line graph
This type of graph requires creativity and original labor. If done well, the result is a way of communicating information that audiences find particularly interesting.
pictograph
Mindy wants to show the number of citizens in each of the following profiles: employer-provided medical insurance, self-provided health insurance, and no health insurance. At the same time, she wants to demonstrate the groups in relation to each other and to the whole. To do so, Mindy should use a ____.
pie graph
Tia wants to show the number of students who reside in each of the following types of housing: on-campus housing, apartments, duplexes, condos, and houses. At the same time, she wants to demonstrate the groups in relation to each other and to the whole. To do so, Tia should use a ____.
pie graph
_____ are particularly useful for showing how a total amount breaks down into different parts.
pie graphs
In a speech advocating the cultivation of hemp to lessen the need for timber, Matt wore a shirt made from hemp, to help set the mood. Matt's shirt constitutes a _____.
prop
In a speech noting how we can all help fight litter, the mayor set the mood by displaying, on a table next to the podium, a box of trash bags and a tool for picking up litter. The trash bags and the tool constitute a _____.
prop
As Mikaela thumbed through the magazine, she noted that all of the ads for gambling casinos featured attractive, successful-looking, upper-middle class persons, smiling happily and surrounded by other happy, successful people. She thought about how the ads left out any acknowledgement of persons like a few she knew who had gambled to excess, creating great financial difficulties as well as relational problems. She knew, for example, one person who lost his home due to his gambling habit. She knew another whose marriage crumbled due to the financial strain his gambling had caused the couple. Mikaela's ability to think discerningly about the images used by the casinos to lure customers illustrates the necessity that we all develop our skill in ________.
visual literacy
