Comm Chapters 1-7

The study of communication, power, and empowerment, especially as it relates to the issue of who is and who is not allowed to speak in a society, is strongly influenced by which philosopher? a. John Dewey b. Plato c. George Herbert Mead d. Michel Foucault e. Kenneth Burke

George Herber Mead

All of the following influence perceptions EXCEPT __________. [pp. 51-57, II] a. social roles b. cognitive abilities c. cultural factors d. expectations e. all of the above influence perception

all of the above influence perception

The study of our perception of odor and scents is known as __________. a. artifacts b. proxemics c. haptics d. olfactics e. kinesics

olfactics

What percentage of waking time does the average person spend listening, according to studies? a. 10-18% b. 21-29% c. 45-55 % d. 83-90% e. 93-100%

45-55%

Nonverbal communication is estimated to account for what percentage of the total meaning of communication? a. Less than 12% b. 16-39% c. 41-53% d. 65-93% e. 100%

65-93%

According to Aristotle, with of the following is NOT a persuasive "proof"? a. logos b. pathos c. ethos d. tanthos e. all of the above are "proofs"

tanthos

Cognitive schemata include all of the following EXCEPT __________. [p. 45, III] a. abstractions b. stereotypes c. scripts d. personal constructs e. prototypes

abstractions

The study of space and how people use it is known as __________. a. kinesics b. olfactics c. haptics d. proxemics e. artifacts

proxemics

Jane knocked on the door of her friend's house. She wanted to talk with her friend about a disagreement they had earlier in the day. When her friend answered the door, she said "May I come in? The content level of Jane's request was __________. a. she found her friend approachable b. she wanted her friend's permission to enter c. she was disappointed in her friend's action d. she should have talked to her friend earlier e. she will have a hard time talking to her about the issue

she wanted her friend's permission to enter

The study of communication is more than __________ years old. a. 3000 b. 4100 c. 5000 d. 3200 e. 2500

2500

Nonverbal communication involving touch is called __________. a. Haptics b. Gestures c. Phatics d. Kinesics e. Dianetics

haptics

The first known theorists and teachers of rhetoric or persuasive speaking were __________. a. Corax and Isocrates b. Isocrates and Plato c. Corax and Tisias d. Isocrates and Tisias e. Plato and Tisias

Corax and Tisias

Mike arrives at his class after the students and teacher have already begun discussing the topic for the day. Mike doesn't make any contributions during discussion. Based on what you know, which of the following is (are) inferences about Mike? [pp. 59-60, III] a. He was late getting to class. b. He hadn't read the assignment so he couldn't contribute. c. Jed didn't contribute to class discussion, either. d. Class began before Jed arrived. e. Both B and C are inferences

He hadn't read the assignment so he couldn't contribute

Suzy is really upset and she feels like throwing a temper tantrum, even though she's 20 years old. Disregarding the social inappropriateness of her behavior, Suzy beats a door and then kicks it while in a public area. In this instance, Suzy's behavior was motivated by which aspect of herself? a. me b. I c. moral self d. cognitive self e. abstract self

I

Which of the following statements demonstrate that Adam is taking responsibility for his thoughts and feelings? a. You are really irritating me. b. You are making me look foolish. c. This is the last time you are going to humiliate me. d. You really make me feel happy. e. I feel hurt by what you are saying.

I feel hurt by what you are saying

Which of the following is an example of tentative language? [p. 60, II] a. Lucy is mean. b. Rosie is friendly. c. Christine is neurotic. d. Lisa is nice. e. Sheryl may be upset.

Sheryl may be upset

The process nature of communication means __________. a. a given interaction has a definite beginning and ending b. what happens in one encounter has little impact on other encounters we have c. communication rarely, if ever, changes d. our interactions with others are ongoing and dynamic e. we can stop communicating

a given interaction has a definite beginning and ending

Preparing for a geography quiz, Brendan makes up the nonsensical phrase "No one notices the Queen not liking the pie" as a tool to help him recall the Eastern Canadian provinces of Nova Scotia, Ontario, New Brunswick, Quebec, Newfoundland and Labrador, and Prince Edward Island. In doing so, Brendan is employing a tool known as __________. a. a mindful manager b. an organizational grouping c. an informational adapter d. a mnemonic device e. a repetitional gambit

a mnemonic device

Words are not the things they represent. In other words, words are __________. a. ambiguous b. arbitrary c. verbal d. unconscious e. abstract

abstract

Symbols can be described as __________. a. appropriate verbal and nonverbal behaviors b. abstract, arbitrary, and ambiguous representations of other things c. a group of interrelated parts that affect one another d. figures which cause absolute balance in a system e. anything that interferes with the intended meaning of communication

abstract, arbitrary, and ambiguous representations of other things

Communication in personal relationships __________. a. helps solve problems b. involves personal disclosures c. sustains the daily rhythms of intimate connections d. all of the above e. a and b

all of the above

Communication is __________. a. a process b. systematic c. symbolic d. all of the above e. none of the above

all of the above

Which of the following is an area of study in the discipline of communication? a. interpersonal communication b. public communication c. organizational communication d. mass communication e. all of the above are areas of study in the field of communication

all of the above are areas of study in the field of communication

All of the following can be used to express power, except __________. a. moving into someone's space b. silence c. touching someone d. gestures e. all of these can be used to express power

all of these can be used to express power

Author Julia Wood mentions which of the following factors affect her point of view in the textbook? a. being a woman b. her research and reading the research of others c. being from a middle income family d. being white e. all of these factors affect her point of view in the textbook

all of these factors affect her point of view in the textbook

Rebekah is mad at her boyfriend because she suspects that he was playing video games with friends last night instead of studying. She decides to ask him how his studying went. When he cannot answer her questions, she will let him have it. Rebekah's strategy is an example of __________. a. selective listening b. mindfulness c. ambushing d. critical listening e. literal listening

ambushing

The verbal symbols we select to use are not intrinsically connected to what they represent. This is known as __________. a. ambiguity b. abstraction c. brute meaning d. arbitrariness e. institutional meaning

arbitrariness

Nathan laughs when his grandfather describes him as a "cool cat." "That's how we used to describe someone who is neat, pleasing, good," his grandfather says. "Not anymore," Nathan replies. This exchange reminds us that language is __________. a. arbitrary b. rule bound c. totalizing d. stereotypical e. derivative

arbitrary

Nathan just moved into a new apartment and spent the first day hanging pictures, putting out souvenirs of important times, and placing favorite objects on the bookshelves. Nathan has relied on what form of nonverbal communication to personalize the new apartment? a. paralanguage b. artifacts c. kinesics d. proxemics e. appearance

artifacts

Which of the following statement(s) is (are) accurate about conflict between people in relationships? a. conflict indicates a relationship is in deep trouble b. conflict is a sign that people are involved and matter to each other c. conflict may be overt or covert d. conflict may be managed well or managed poorly e. b, c, and d

b, c, and d

During a heated discussion, Janet says to Scott, "There's no point in talking about this any further. I'm not going to change my mind." This language is an example of __________. a. provisional communication b. certainty communication c. descriptive communication d. evaluative communication e. C and D

certainty communication

Joaquin came to the United States from Mexico three months ago and he is still having trouble understanding Americans' tendency to rush all the time. He is also surprised when his teachers are irritated if he joins class a while after class has started. Joaquin's confusion about American pace of life is based on which aspect of nonverbal behavior? a. chronemics b. proxemics c. kinesics d. artifacts e. none of the above

chronemics

"I really know a lot more about this than you do, so you should listen to me." This comment is an example of communication that __________. a. is descriptive b. claims superiority of the speaker c. is tentative d. demonstrates empathy e. is focused on problem solving

claims superiority of the speaker

The emotional tone of a relationship between people who are interacting is known as the communication __________. a. shape b. performance c. substance d. climate e. mood

climate

Rachel is surprised when her friend Sarah consistently interrupts her while she is speaking. Rachel believes her friend should not continually disrupt her. Rachel's perception of her friend's behavior is based on a __________. a. regulative rule b. constitutive rule c. stereotype d. personal construct e. hypothetical thought

constitutive rule

The literal meaning of a message is referred to as __________. a. relational level of meaning b. connotative level of meaning c. bypassed meaning d. content level of meaning e. inferential level of meaning

content level of meaning

Given any typical day, how often does a person communicate? a. roughly 15-20 times a day b. continually throughout the day c. less than 5 times a day d. roughly 100-200 times a day e. roughly 200-300 times a day

continually throughout the day

Which one of the following types of communication promotes defensiveness? a. description b. provisionalism c. control d. equality e. empathy

control

Kimberly is irritated that Julia left and borrowed her sweater without asking. Kimberly then plays the stereo loudly when Julia is trying to talk on the phone. This is an example of __________. a. offensive climate b. acknowledgment c. defensive climate d. covert conflict e. overt conflict

convert conflict

Before Matt ever begins to speak, Dennis assumes that Matt will say something insulting, disparaging, or disrespectful. Dennis is engaging in __________. a. selective listening b. defensive listening c. ambushing d. paraphrasing e. monopolizing

defensive listening

According to Wood, the ability to feel with another person is called __________. [p. 56, I] a. cognitive complexity b. mind reading c. empathy d. inference e. self-serving bias

empathy

When a close friend she hasn't seen in a long time visits Beth in her dormitory room, Beth closes the door to the hallway, turns off the radio and shuts the window. By doing so Beth is reducing the potential __________ so she can effectively listen to her friend. [p. 119, III] a. environmental distractions b. internal obstacles c. insular obstacles d. regulative distractions e. message impediments

environmental distractions

A form of certainty language that assumes our culture and its norms are the only right ones is __________. a. ethnocentrism b. cultural relativism c. self-serving bias d. provisionalism e. stability

ethnocentrism

Which of the following is NOT a level of interpersonal confirmation? a. ethnocentrism b. recognition c. endorsement d. acknowledgment e. all of the above are levels of confirmation or disconfirmation

ethnocentrism

Independent and dependent variables are components of which type of quantitative research method? a. experiment b. survey c. textual analysis d. historical analysis e. descriptive statistics

experiment

The relationship level of meaning __________. a. is the connection between symbols and things b. focuses on the meaning of sounds only c. expresses the relationship between communicators d. is not a process e. is only found in verbal expression

expresses the relationship between communicators

Research has shown that babies in dysfunctional families are touched less often and less affectionately than babies in healthy families. This type of nonverbal behavior is referred to as __________. a. kinesics b. haptics c. olfactics d. proxemics e. artifacts

haptics

The physiological component of listening is __________. a. organizing b. hearing c. interpreting d. responding e. remembering

hearing

Which of the following is a personal construct? [p. 46, III] a. the dictionary definition of a co-worker b. how a co-worker measures up on the dimension of intelligent-unintelligent c. the person who is the best example of a co-worker to you d. your idea about how you should act in specific situations with a co-worker e. your expectation of how a co-worker will behave

how a co-worker measures up on the dimension of intelligent-unintelligent

Institutional facts are the meanings we attach to brute facts based on __________. a. objective decisions b. concrete experiences c. specific activities d. human interpretation e. higher levels of abstraction

human interpretation

"One day I won't have to worry about money. One day I'll make a great salary." These statements illustrate __________. a. arbitrary thought b. loaded language c. hypothetical thought d. symbolic organization e. symbolic evaluation

hypothetical thought

A technique developed by communication scholars to remind us that our evaluations apply only to specific times and circumstances refers to which of the following? a. indexing b. selective perception c. temporal differentiation d. ambiguity e. contextual perception

indexing

Cultural influences in the United States tend to place high value on which of the following? [p. 57, II] a. individualism b. relaxation and a leisurely pace of living c. collectivist orientation d. cooperation and deference e. membership and community

individualism

Putting together all that we have selected and organized, in order to make sense of communication, is known as __________. a. responding b. remembering c. pseudolistening d. hearing e. interpretation

interpretation

Which of the following is NOT true about nonverbal communication? a. it helps establish relationship-level meanings b. it is not always clear c. it interacts with verbal communication d. it reflect cultural values e. it does not vary over time

it does not vary over time

The term referring to body position and motions is __________. a. kinesics b. olfactics c. haptics d. proxemics e. artifacts

kinesics

Smiles, friendly touches, shaking hands are all signs of __________ in Western societies. a. liking b. power c. interaction d. negotiations e. awareness

liking

The most simplistic communication models are __________. a. transactional b. interactional c. linear d. bifocal e. directional

linear

After a long night of studying, Jacob puts his headphones on and listens to one of his favorite CD's. Jacob is __________. a. listening to discriminate b. listening critically c. relationship listening d. listening for pleasure e. listening for information

listening for pleasure

The statement "we should not let old geezers drive" is an example of __________. a. loaded language b. hypothetical thought c. self-reflection d. responsiveness e. abstraction

loaded language

Stuart has just started preparing a speech for his communication class. He has selected a topic and is thinking about the kind of arguments, reasoning and evidence he might use in his speech. Stuart is focusing on which canon of public speaking? a. logos b. organization c. pathos d. ethos e. delivery

logos

Stuart has just started preparing a speech for his communication class. He has selected a topic and is thinking about the kind of arguments, reasoning and evidence he might use in his speech. Stuart is focusing on which canon of public speaking? a. logos b. organization c. pathos d. ethos e. delivery

logos

Samantha says, "Arguments are terrible. I believe nobody can win when conflict breaks out." Samantha's orientation to conflict is best described as __________. a. win-win b. win-lose c. lose-lose d. exit e. winner takes all

lose-lose

Shawn is having trouble listening effectively in his advanced philosophy course. Usually he listens well in class, but the professor in this case is so full of information and he presents such complicated ideas that Shawn has difficulty following and retaining the lecture. Shawn is experiencing a listening obstacle known as __________. a. message overload b. preoccupation c. message complexity d. prejudgment e. lack of mindfulness

message complexity

Bao is a teacher. When she is talking to students one on one, she gently encourages them to express themselves by saying, "Tell me more," "go on," "I understand." These are examples of __________. a. minimal encouragers b. gentle nudging c. selective listening d. paraphrasing e. mindfulness

minimal encouragers

When Jing says to Juana that she is having a difficult time in her chemistry class, Juana's first response is to launch into an extended description of the difficulties she had in her physicals class. By doing so, Juana is engaging in a faulty listening practice known as __________. a. relational immunity b. disconfirmation c. pseudolistening d. monopolizing e. paraphrasing

monopolizing

Bart tries to concentrate during a particularly difficult lecture, but finds that he is more focused on the instructor's unique dialect and delivery style. This is an example of __________. a. noise b. feedback c. transaction d. social diversity e. both a and c

noise

Scholars use quantitative research methods to gather information in which of the following forms? a. ethnography b. textual c. numerical d. symbolic e. syntactical

numerical

During an argument, when Lisa tells her husband Scott, "It's not what you said, it's how you said it," Lisa is upset with Scott's use of __________. a. artifacts b. chronemics c. proxemics d. kinesics e. paralanguage

paralanguage

Lemarr says, "I am really bummed out about not getting any job offers." His roommate, John, responds, "Sounds as if you're feeling pretty low about the response so far." John's communication is an example of __________. a. pseudolistening b. relying on mnemonics c. paraphrasing d. evaluative listening e. ambushing

paraphrasing

The active process of selecting, organizing and interpreting people, objects, events, situations, and activities is known as __________ a. prototypes b. perception c. self-serving bias d. empathy e. cognitive schemata

perception

Which is the most abstract term in the following words? [pp. 69-70, III] a. Tiger Woods b. golf c. physical activity d. sport e. professional athlete

physical activity

When you are tired, stressed, or sick, you are likely to perceive things more negatively than when you are well rested. This is an example of __________. [p. 51, III] a. expectations b. social influences c. physiological influences d. self-serving bias e. attribution

physiological influences

The technique for imagining ourselves as successful is called __________. [p. 52, I] a. success reinforcement b. positive visualization c. role assumption d. cognitive reinforcement e. none of the above'

positive visualization

As soon as the news program begins an interview with the President, Dolores quits paying attention and she mumbles to herself, "I already know everything he has to say and I don't want to hear it again." Dolores' ability to listen is being hindered by __________. a. message overload b. prejudgment c. preoccupation d. message complexity e. noise

prejudgement

Signaling openness to other points of view while recognizing that people from different cultures differ in thoughts, actions, and values is known as __________. a. cultural diversity b. ethnocentrism c. provisionalism d. cultural absolutism e. cultural fanaticism

provisionalism

Caitlin is angry with her boyfriend, so she refuses to sit near him in the car or to let him get really close to her while they are walking. To communicate her anger, Caitlin is relying on __________. a. artifacts b. chronemics c. proxemics d. paralanguage e. silence

proxemics

Our perception of when a given interaction begins and ends is known as __________. a. totalizing b. punctuation c. reappropriation d. hypothetical thought e. abstraction

punctuation

Textual analysis is an example of which type of research approach? a. qualitative b. survey c. critical d. quantitative e. historical

qualitative

Which of the following is not a paralanguage behavior? a. raising volume when speaking b. pausing between words to emphasize certain words c. refusing to speak d. lowering pitch e. lowering volume when speaking

refusing to speak

Rachel doesn't want to be interrupted while she's speaking so she avoids looking at others until she has said all she wants to say. Then she looks at the person who wants to respond. Rachel has used nonverbal behavior to __________. a. establish relational level meanings b. establish content level meanings c. regulate interaction d. define her cultural standpoint e. demonstrate warmth

regulate interaction

Most experts consider the final aspect of listening to be __________. [p. 117, II] a. organizing b. remembering c. hearing d. interpreting e. responding

remembering

Assuming an attentive posture, holding eye contact, and nodding to show you understand what another person is saying are nonverbal behaviors that convey which dimension of relational level meanings? a. responsiveness b. liking c. status d. power e. control

responsiveness

Don goes to class on Friday but the instructor is not present. The teaching assistant announces that the instructor is ill and there will be no class that day. When Don comes to class on Monday, he notices that students are handing in an assignment to the instructor. He discovers that the TA told students that even though there was no class Friday, they had a homework assignment to complete. Don's failure to attend to that part of the TA's message reflects which aspect of the perception process? [p. 44, III] a. selection b. organization c. personal constructs d. stereotypes e. interpretation

selection

While visiting her parents on a break from school Melinda doesn't pay attention to much of what they say. She lets much of their communication just come in one ear and out the other without her ever listening. However, when her mother mentions going shopping to get some new clothes and good novels for Melinda to take back to school, Melinda listens attentively. This is an example of __________. a. defensive listening b. prejudgment c. selective listening d. mindless listening e. pseudolistening

selective listening

Annika says, "I didn't get a job offer because the interviewer was biased and it was a nasty day. However, Kathy didn't get an offer because she isn't qualified." This is an example of __________. a. construct differentiation b. stereotyping c. self-serving bias d. internal attributions e. scripting

self-serving bias

Three-year-old Elena calls every adult male "Daddy" because she doesn't yet make cognitive distinctions among men. This is an example of __________. [p. 54, III] a. a simple cognitive system b. a complex cognitive system c. certainty vs. provisionalism d. focus on abstract constructs e. reliance on multiple schemata

simple cognitive system

Which of the following is not a regulative communication rule? [pp. 72-73, III] a. Children should not interrupt adults. b. We do not talk about private issues in public. c. Call out "Amen" in response to the pastor. d. Sticking your tongue out at someone is rude. e. Applaud at the end of a speech.

sticking your tongue out at someone is rude

Louise has prepared a brief questionnaire to find out how satisfied her clients are with the service she has been providing them. She is engaging in which kind of quantitative research method? a. experiment b. survey c. textual analysis d. historical analysis e. descriptive statistics

survey

According to surveys of companies, the most important quality they look for in a job applicant is __________. a. technical skill b. a degree from an accredited university c. the ability to communicate effectively d. practical experience e. a willingness to relocate

the ability to communicate effectively

The openness of a system is __________. a. the extent to which a system strives to sustain equilibrium b. the extent of interaction within a system c. the extent to which a system affects and is affected by outside factors and processes d. the extent of absolute balance in a system e. the extent to which someone is willing to communicate

the extent to which a system affects and is affected by outside factors and processes

The major distinction between the linear and interactive models of communication is __________. a. the linear model allows for the concept of noise interfering with communication b. the interactive model includes both a source and receiver c. the interactive model allows for the concept of noise interfering with communication d. the linear model identifies a distinct message e. the interactive model includes feedback, or a response to the message

the interactive model includes feedback, or a response to the message

The content level of meaning __________. a. is always verbal b. is language c. is the literal message d. is psychological e. is cultural

the literal message

Which of the following is a prototype? [pp. 45-46, III] a. the dictionary definition of a co-worker b. how a co-worker measures up on the dimension of intelligent-unintelligent c. the person who is the best example of a co-worker to you d. your idea about how you should act in specific situations with a co-worker e. your expectation of how a co-worker will behave

the person who is the best example of a co-worker to you

Why was Plato suspicious of rhetoric? a. The possibility of its misuse to manipulate and deceive. b. All citizens might learn how to speak persuasively. c. It would be the demise of the Academy. d. It was too difficult for the average person to learn. e. He was suspicious for all of the above reasons.

the possibility of its misuse to manipulate and deceive

The statement that communication is systemic means that __________. a. symbols construct our meanings b. communication changes over time c. there is a content level and a literal d. it is studied in an organized manner e. the various parts affect each other

the various parts affect each other

Negating most of a person by spotlighting a single aspect of his/her identity is known as __________. a. totalizing b. punctuation c. reappropriation d. hypothetical thought 13 e. abstraction

totalizing

George Herbert Mead's statement that humans are talked into humanity means __________. a. people have to be calmed into acting with civility b. we gain our personal identity by interacting with others c. by communicating people automatically become human d. only humans can talk e. none of the above

we gain out person identity by interacting with others

Which is not an example of nonverbal communication? a. symbols that aren't words b. words used to describe an action c. tone of voice d. facial expressions e. posture

words used to describe an action

Which of the following is a script? [p. 48, III] a. the dictionary definition of a co-worker b. how a co-worker measures up on the dimension of intelligent-unintelligent c. the person who is the best example of a co-worker to you d. your idea about how you should act in specific situations with a co-worker e. your expectation of how a co-worker will behave

your idea about how you should act in specific situations with a co-worker