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Community Board Review Questions

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Which type of grant allows the recipient to receive a lump sum of money to use at their discretion to fund a community project? a. Block grant b. Line item grant c. Corporate funding grant d. WHO Objective Fund grant

a. Block grant

Which program offers employees the opportunity to temporarily extend their group health care coverage under their employer's plan if their coverage is ceased due to job termination? a. COBRA b. Medicaid c. Medicare d. Social Security

a. COBRA

Effective program evaluation is done a. continuously from start to finish b. in the beginning of the program using a pre-test c. at the end of the program using summative evaluation d. via questionnaire within two weeks of program completion

a. continuously from start to finish

A high school health class has 40 students aged 14 to 16 years. Two public health hygienists are asked to assess the oral health status of the students. Before gathering any data, the hygienists meet at the county dental clinic to select examination procedures and determine equipment needs. Both hygienists agree that utilizing a flashlight and disposable mouth mirror to conduct DMFT examinations on the students would be a good approach. Prior to conducting the school evaluations, the hygienists perform DMFT examinations on 10 volunteer patients at the county clinic and compare their results. After their clinical techniques produce the same clinical findings within the volunteer patient pool, the hygienists schedule an "oral health day" at the high school. All 40 students returned their parental permission slips and DMFT examinations were conducted by the two hygienists. The total DMFT of the class was 160. Following the examinations, the hygienists gave each student a pamphlet entitled "oral healthcare strategies for the teenager". The relatively high F value (76) would indicate that this population: a. has access to dental care b. has a high incidence of tooth loss c. is in need of aggressive periodontal therapy d. has high levels of fluoride in their water supply

a. has access to dental care

A dental hygienist public health officer with the Public Health Service accepts a new position with a tribal dental clinic. She is approached by the medical clinic staff to develop an interdisciplinary program to improve the oral care and oral health of pregnancy women who are treated in the tribal medical clinic. There is specific concern because the normal, expected rate of gestational diabetes in this population is 30%. When a pregnant women is first examined by a nurse practitioner in the medical clinic for prenatal care, she is referred to the dental clinic for a dental examination. However, only 15% of the patients referred over the previous 6 months complied with the dental referral. She collaborates with the medical staff to conduct a knowledge survey of all pregnant women served by this clinic. Results reveal that the women do not realize their risks for diabetes, are unaware of the relationship between oral health status and diabetes, and do not understand the benefits of an oral health assessment in relation to their overall health and the health of their babies. All of the following EXCEPT one are potential outcomes of this public health initiative. Which one is the EXCEPTION? a. increases access to care b. increases demand for care c. provides preventive services d. promotes utilization of dental services

a. increases access to care

A high school health class has 40 students aged 14 to 16 years. Two public health hygienists are asked to assess the oral health status of the students. Before gathering any data, the hygienists meet at the county dental clinic to select examination procedures and determine equipment needs. Both hygienists agree that utilizing a flashlight and disposable mouth mirror to conduct DMFT examinations on the students would be a good approach. Prior to conducting the school evaluations, the hygienists perform DMFT examinations on 10 volunteer patients at the county clinic and compare their results. After their clinical techniques produce the same clinical findings within the volunteer patient pool, the hygienists schedule an "oral health day" at the high school. All 40 students returned their parental permission slips and DMFT examinations were conducted by the two hygienists. The total DMFT of the class was 160. Following the examinations, the hygienists gave each student a pamphlet entitled "oral healthcare strategies for the teenager". The brochures handed out by the public health hygienist would facilitate: a. informal learning b. formative learning c. internal motivation d. summative learning

a. informal learning

The dental hygiene students attending the Community College of Best Professions on the Planet organized a community outreach program for the two local kindergarten facilities (the Laughing Giraffe School and Kinder Kindness). Consent forms were sent to the facilities and filled out by the parents of the kindergartners. It is determined that the first-year students will conduct dft examinations on those children attending The Laughing Giraffe School while the second-year students will conduct the same examinations on the Kinder Kindness students. After analyzing the examination results, the mean dft was calculated for each group. Which test would be BEST utilized to compare the statistical difference between the two group scores? a. t-test b. p-Value c. ANOVA d. standard deviation

a. t-test

Diagnosis in the dental setting is MOST like what procedure performed in the community setting? a. Survey b. Analysis c. Appraisal d. Program operation

b. Analysis

Which of the following types of studies does NOT depend on testing hypotheses? a. Analytical b. Descriptive c. Prospective d. Retrospective

b. Descriptive

A dental hygienist public health officer with the Public Health Service accepts a new position with a tribal dental clinic. She is approached by the medical clinic staff to develop an interdisciplinary program to improve the oral care and oral health of pregnancy women who are treated in the tribal medical clinic. There is specific concern because the normal, expected rate of gestational diabetes in this population is 30%. When a pregnant women is first examined by a nurse practitioner in the medical clinic for prenatal care, she is referred to the dental clinic for a dental examination. However, only 15% of the patients referred over the previous 6 months complied with the dental referral. She collaborates with the medical staff to conduct a knowledge survey of all pregnant women served by this clinic. Results reveal that the women do not realize their risks for diabetes, are unaware of the relationship between oral health status and diabetes, and do not understand the benefits of an oral health assessment in relation to their overall health and the health of their babies. Based on the current information described in the scenario, which health education theory would be the most appropriate to use as the foundation for an oral health education intervention to improve compliance with the dental referral? a. Learning ladder b. Health belief model c. Social learning theory d. Community organization theory

b. Health belief model

Two dental hygiene students developed a flyer on implant care and maintenance and distributed it to care givers working in a local veteran's administration medical and dental facility in the hopes of improving oral health for residents with dental implants. This type of information dissemination is known as is: a. Formal delivery b. Informal delivery c. Objective learning d. Summative discussion

b. Informal delivery

Which type of sampling has the greatest chance of introducing bias to a study? a. Stratified sample b. Judgment sample c. Systemic sample d. Convenience sample

b. Judgement sample

The second-year dental hygiene students applied and received a $500 grant from the Association of Retried Teachers (ART) to aid in putting on an oral hygiene awareness program for the retired educators in their community. When they received the funds, ART stipulated that the $500 be used accordingly: $300 to purchase new electric toothbrushes for the teachers in Ada County, $100 to purchase flyers as course handouts, and $100 for floss to be distributed during the event. This type of grant is a(n): a. block grant b. line item grant c. medicare grant d. accountability grant

b. line item grant

When personnel at the Kick Butt Smoking Cessation Center became alarmed by the rate of squamous cell carcinomas they were seeing in their clients, they instituted a policy to document each new diagnosed case as it was reported. After two years, the data was analyzed to determine if increasing the number of cigarettes smoked by clients contributed to an increase in the rate of squamous cell carcinoma. It was determined that the more cigarettes a client smoked, the more likely they were to develop squamous cell carcinoma. Which correlation co-efficient would reflect similar findings? a. 0 b. +.3 c. +.9 d. -.7

c. +.9

Which community dental health procedure is conducted in an ongoing manner? a. Survey b. Analysis c. Appraisal d. Program operation

c. Appraisal

c. Calibration

All of the following are characteristics of an ideal index except ONE. Which one is the EXCEPTION? a. Valid b. Reliable c. Complex d. Objective

c. Complex

The Department of Health and Human Services is a branch of which level of government? a. State b. Local c. Federal d. International

c. Federal

The Sunnyside Retirement Home has requested that members of the local dentist and dental hygiene components organize a Dental Health Day for residents of the facility. Most of the residents are non-ambulatory and receive public assistance for their health care needs. Which type of government program is most likely providing funding for their medical and dental needs? a. FEMA b. Medicaid c. Medicare d. Social Security

c. Medicare

A dental hygienist public health officer with the Public Health Service accepts a new position with a tribal dental clinic. She is approached by the medical clinic staff to develop an interdisciplinary program to improve the oral care and oral health of pregnancy women who are treated in the tribal medical clinic. There is specific concern because the normal, expected rate of gestational diabetes in this population is 30%. When a pregnant women is first examined by a nurse practitioner in the medical clinic for prenatal care, she is referred to the dental clinic for a dental examination. However, only 15% of the patients referred over the previous 6 months complied with the dental referral. She collaborates with the medical staff to conduct a knowledge survey of all pregnant women served by this clinic. Results reveal that the women do not realize their risks for diabetes, are unaware of the relationship between oral health status and diabetes, and do not understand the benefits of an oral health assessment in relation to their overall health and the health of their babies. Which of the following is an appropriately stated outcome objective for this program? a. Pregnant women will be referred for an oral examination b. Oral health of pregnant women in the population will improve c. Referred women will comply with a referral for a dental examination d. eighty (80) percent of pregnant women who are referred by the medical staff for a dental examination will comply within a month.

c. Referred women will comply with a referral for a dental examination

A dental hygienist is serving on the board of faith-based preschool program for children of low income families. The program director asks her to organize a fluoride varnish program for the children. They hygienist organizes a community oral health rotation for dental hygiene students from the local dental hygiene education program. The students participate by conducting a Basic Screening Survey (BSS) and apply fluoride varnish. A classroom presentation is planned to orient the children to the varnish application procedures to improve their compliance on the varnish application day. The program is presented in one classroom of 3-year olds, but because of a scheduling conflict, it is not presented in the second 3-year old classroom. It is hypothesized that the classroom that receives the program will have a higher compliance rate than the classroom that does not receive the program. What type of hypothesis is this? a. null b. natural c. alternative d. experimental

c. alternative

A dental hygienist is serving on the board of faith-based preschool program for children of low income families. The program director asks her to organize a fluoride varnish program for the children. They hygienist organizes a community oral health rotation for dental hygiene students from the local dental hygiene education program. The students participate by conducting a Basic Screening Survey (BSS) and apply fluoride varnish. What is the first step in conducting the program? a. Order varnish supplies b. Send consent forms home for parent signature c. conduct a need assessment to help with planning d. Present a program in the classroom to prepare children for the varnish application

c. conduct a need assessment to help with planning

The first step in implementing a community health program is: a. selection of a venue b. recruitment of volunteers c. conduction of a needs assessment d. determination of goals and objectives

c. conduction of a needs assessment

d. Community partner

A dental hygienist public health officer with the Public Health Service accepts a new position with a tribal dental clinic. She is approached by the medical clinic staff to develop an interdisciplinary program to improve the oral care and oral health of pregnancy women who are treated in the tribal medical clinic. There is specific concern because the normal, expected rate of gestational diabetes in this population is 30%. When a pregnant women is first examined by a nurse practitioner in the medical clinic for prenatal care, she is referred to the dental clinic for a dental examination. However, only 15% of the patients referred over the previous 6 months complied with the dental referral. She collaborates with the medical staff to conduct a knowledge survey of all pregnant women served by this clinic. Results reveal that the women do not realize their risks for diabetes, are unaware of the relationship between oral health status and diabetes, and do not understand the benefits of an oral health assessment in relation to their overall health and the health of their babies. Which would be the BEST activity to implement next to increase compliance with the dental referral? a. Conduct oral health screening during prenatal care visits b. Develop written educational materials for distribution during prenatal visits c. Document the oral condition of the women who have complied and received a dental examination d. Conduct focus groups with non-compliant referred patients to determine their reasons for non-compliance.

d. Conduct focus groups with non-compliant referred patients to determine their reasons for non-compliance.

Two dental hygiene students are asked to present an in-service to the nurses' aides to a local retirement center. The aides meet in the West Wing of the facility on the first Monday of every month. In order for the students to demonstrate oral hygiene care procedures to the aides, it is determined that they will need five residents from the facility for demonstration purposes. The nurses' aides select five residents from the West Wing for the presentation to minimize patient transportation issues. The resultant sample is an example of which type of sampling method? a. Random sample b. Judgment sample c. Systematic sample d. Convenience sample

d. Convenience sample

Which of the following indices has the MOST sensitivity? a. dft b. RCI c. deft d. DMFS

d. DMFS

The following test scores were posted for an oral pathology mid-term: 72, 77, 78,87, 89, 90, 91, 92, 92, 92, 92, 93, 97, 97, 97, 98, 98, 99, 99, 99, 99, 100, 100, 100. If the test scores were plotted, what type of skew would result? a. Symetrical b. neutral skew c. positive skew d. negative skew

d. Negative skew

What is the MOST common measure of dispersion? a. Mean b. Rnage c. Data matrix d. Standard deviation

d. Standard deviation

The first-year dental hygiene students are excited to participate in a Children's Dental Health month event at Chatterly Grade School. Local hygienists as dentists have secured mouth mirrors and flash lights to help the dental hygiene students conduct oral examinations on the first graders at Chatterly. The two first-grade teachers have agreed to have consent forms signed by the parents of their students. Following the examinations, the dental hygiene students are planning to put on a puppet show demonstrating importance of brushing for the first graders. What type of examination method will be utilized? a. Type I b. Type II c. Type IV d. Type III

d. Type III

d. Use of mouth mirror and adequate lighting

A high school health class has 40 students aged 14 to 16 years. Two public health hygienists are asked to assess the oral health status of the students. Before gathering any data, the hygienists meet at the county dental clinic to select examination procedures and determine equipment needs. Both hygienists agree that utilizing a flashlight and disposable mouth mirror to conduct DMFT examinations on the students would be a good approach. Prior to conducting the school evaluations, the hygienists perform DMFT examinations on 10 volunteer patients at the county clinic and compare their results. After their clinical techniques produce the same clinical findings within the volunteer patient pool, the hygienists schedule an "oral health day" at the high school. All 40 students returned their parental permission slips and DMFT examinations were conducted by the two hygienists. The total DMFT of the class was 160. Following the examinations, the hygienists gave each student a pamphlet entitled "oral healthcare strategies for the teenager". The amount of untreated carious lesions in this population at the time of the examination is known as: a. dental neglect b. incipient caries c. caries incidence d. caries prevalence

d. caries prevalence

The first-year dental hygiene students are excited to participate in a Children's Dental Health month event at Chatterly Grade School. Local hygienists as dentists have secured mouth mirrors and flash lights to help the dental hygiene students conduct oral examinations on the first graders at Chatterly. The two first-grade teachers have agreed to have consent forms signed by the parents of their students. Following the examinations, the dental hygiene students are planning to put on a puppet show demonstrating importance of brushing for the first graders. What index would be MOST appropriate to utilize for this population? a. GI b. RCI c. SBI d. deft

d. deft

A high school health class has 40 students aged 14 to 16 years. Two public health hygienists are asked to assess the oral health status of the students. Before gathering any data, the hygienists meet at the county dental clinic to select examination procedures and determine equipment needs. Both hygienists agree that utilizing a flashlight and disposable mouth mirror to conduct DMFT examinations on the students would be a good approach. Prior to conducting the school evaluations, the hygienists perform DMFT examinations on 10 volunteer patients at the county clinic and compare their results. After their clinical techniques produce the same clinical findings within the volunteer patient pool, the hygienists schedule an "oral health day" at the high school. All 40 students returned their parental permission slips and DMFT examinations were conducted by the two hygienists. The total DMFT of the class was 160. Following the examinations, the hygienists gave each student a pamphlet entitled "oral healthcare strategies for the teenager". The DMFT examinations conducted by the public health hygienists on the volunteers before examining the high school students INCREASED: a. sensitivity b. sampling error c. predictive value d. interexaminer reliability

d. interexaminer reliability

d. local foundation

A dental hygienist public health officer with the Public Health Service accepts a new position with a tribal dental clinic. She is approached by the medical clinic staff to develop an interdisciplinary program to improve the oral care and oral health of pregnancy women who are treated in the tribal medical clinic. There is specific concern because the normal, expected rate of gestational diabetes in this population is 30%. When a pregnant women is first examined by a nurse practitioner in the medical clinic for prenatal care, she is referred to the dental clinic for a dental examination. However, only 15% of the patients referred over the previous 6 months complied with the dental referral. She collaborates with the medical staff to conduct a knowledge survey of all pregnant women served by this clinic. Results reveal that the women do not realize their risks for diabetes, are unaware of the relationship between oral health status and diabetes, and do not understand the benefits of an oral health assessment in relation to their overall health and the health of their babies. Which epidemiological term describes the rate of gestational diabetes presented in this program description? a. Mortality b. Epidemic c. incidence d. prevalence

d. prevalence

A dental hygienist public health officer with the Public Health Service accepts a new position with a tribal dental clinic. She is approached by the medical clinic staff to develop an interdisciplinary program to improve the oral care and oral health of pregnancy women who are treated in the tribal medical clinic. There is specific concern because the normal, expected rate of gestational diabetes in this population is 30%. When a pregnant women is first examined by a nurse practitioner in the medical clinic for prenatal care, she is referred to the dental clinic for a dental examination. However, only 15% of the patients referred over the previous 6 months complied with the dental referral. She collaborates with the medical staff to conduct a knowledge survey of all pregnant women served by this clinic. Results reveal that the women do not realize their risks for diabetes, are unaware of the relationship between oral health status and diabetes, and do not understand the benefits of an oral health assessment in relation to their overall health and the health of their babies. Six months after implementing interventions aimed at increasing the compliance rate, it increased. Statistical analysis revealed that p = 0.4 for the improved compliance rate. The statistical decision is to reject the null hypothesis meaning that the interventions are impacting the compliance rate because a p value of less than .05 is considered statistically significant. a. Both the statement and reason are correct and related b. both the statement are reason are correct but NOT related c. the statement is correct, but the reason is NOT d. the statement is NOT correct, but the reason is correct e. NEITHER the statement NOR the reason is correct

Community Board Review Questions

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