Comprehensive Exam Questions

The notion that American public schools are open to all is an example of

Equality of outcome

Communist regimes that gave their police great powers to arrest and imprison suspicious people raised a conflict between

Freedom and Order

A libertarian is likely to believe

all of these choices are true

Newspapers did not move toward independent ownership and large circulation until

1830's

Despite new technological options, and despite criticism that in its current form it polarizes politics in an unhealthy way, _____ of Americans listen to traditional AM/FM radio weekly.

90%

Liberals are more likely to favor generous government support for

All choices are true

Globalization can be seen as a threat to

Capitalism

A country where the government heavily censors Internet news and search engines is

China

Thomas Hobbes's ideal form of government was

Democratic Socialism

The now-abolished __________ obligated broadcasters to discuss public issues and to provide equal coverage of all opinions on those issues

Fairness Doctrine

During the 1990s, Congress prohibited private businesses from discriminating in employment, public services, and public accommodations on the basis of physical or mental disabilities. This act creates a clash between

Freedom and Equality

All but which one of the following are collectively called "civil liberties?"​

Freedom of Education

​The media executives, news editors, and prominent reporters who decide which events to report and how to report them are known as

Gatekeepers

When the authors say that we live in an era of "globalization," they mean that citizens and nations are increasingly

Interdependent

Which political philosopher inspired the phrase "life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness" in the Declaration of Independence?

John Locke

Which of the following philosophers is usually associated with socialism?

Karl Marx

An American, who supports the creation of election districts that are likely to vote for minority candidates for public office and wants more restrictions on business owners' hiring decisions, is likely to be a

Liberal

Some research indicates that people who watch partisan news become

More extreme in their politics

Government enterprises commonly engaged in by the U.S. government include

None of these choices is a common U.S. government enterprise.

According to Thomas Hobbes, author of Leviathan, the proper objective of government is to ensure

Order

A consistent set of values and beliefs about the proper purpose and scope of government is a(n)

Political Ideology

The traditional division of mass media into _________ has been made problematic by the Internet.

Print and broadcast

​Democratic governments that have in the decades since World War II been, at times, avowedly socialist include

Sweden and Germany

The amount of information online is so vast that most people rely on _________ to help them determine which news is real and important.

The mainstream media

Which president first provided space in the White House for reporters?

Theodore Roosevelt

The government's role in redistributing income to promote economic equality has been a major source of debate in the United States ever since

World War 1

National sovereignty is defined as

a political entity's externally recognized right to exercise final authority over its affairs

A person who favors government ownership of some basic industries and a strong government role in directing the economy would best be labeled a

a socialist

One example of government focus on equality of outcome is

affirmative action programs

Early TV network news programs focused their evening news programs on

an anchorman

___________ are group leaders who follow news in specific areas.

attentive policy elites

Private ownership of the media in the United States makes the American news industry

dependent on advertising revenues

Regarding the Internet, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC)

does not have jurisdiction to regulate Internet content.

More and more, cable news seems analogous to

early partisan newspapers

Capitalism is best described as a(n)

economic system in which the means of production are owned by the state

Social order is usually defined as

established patterns of authority and traditional modes of behavior

The first newspapers in the United States were

financed by political parties that advocated party causes

Conservatives strongly favor

firm police action and swift punishment for criminals, traditional patterns of social relations and less go. regulation of business

Although the United States is a capitalist country, the government does intervene in the economic arena, primarily through

government ownership of some key industries

Which of the following statements reflects the role public opinion should play according to the majoritarian model of democracy?

government should do what a majority of the public wants

The text suggests that in the early days of radio, owners sought government regulation of the airwaves to

guarantee that stations could use the frequencies they wished, without interference from owners of other stations.

The Internet was started

in 1969, with support from the U.S. Department of Defense

To stay in business in the digital age, many newspapers have __________ their online content, with varying degrees of success.

instituted paywalls for

The broad, basic definition of government given by the text is

legitimate use of force within specified geographic boundaries to control human behavior

Americans are likely to think of freedom and equality as

less important than order

According to your text, the difference between libertarianism and John Locke-inspired liberalism is

libertarianism puts a greater emphasis on individual freedom

The phrase "off the record" means that media

not allowed to print the information

Using a two-dimensional model of political ideology, conservatives are more likely to support

order over freedom and freedom over equality

Each citizen having one vote demonstrates

political equality

According to the text, the concept of order encompasses

preserving life, protecting property and maintaining patterns of social relationships

In the United States today, the mass media

provide a two-way channel of communication between the people and the government.

The Telecommunications Act of 1996

relaxed the rules governing media ownership

Newspapers owned by publicly-traded chains are more likely to

resort to negative or positive spin on the news.

A government pursuing laissez-faire policies would

take a hands-off attitude toward the economy

The national government can act on individuals if

the action is based on a constitutionally delegated power

Anarchism is the political opposite of​

totalitarianism

_________ occurs when a media outlet such as a magazine informs a relatively small number of group leaders who follow news in a specific area, and those leaders in turn mobilize their followers to put pressure on public officials.

two step flow of communication

A story that contains no policy content and is not related to the day's events but that commonly discusses popular personalities and is designed to draw greater viewer interest is

infotainment

As derived from John Locke's philosophy, the doctrine of liberalism holds that government should

leave citizens free to further their individual pursuits.

An underlying assumption of the text is that perfect freedom and order can never be achieved because

these two values are inherently in conflict and cannot be provided simultaneously

If universities increase funding for women's sports so that they receive comparable funding to men's, that is an example of

Equality of outcome