CompSci Python ch01

B

To quit the Python shell, you can either select the window's close box or press the____key combination:a)ctrlC, b)ctrlD, c)ctrlZ, d)ctrlX

F (other way around)

When executing the print statement, Python first displays the value and then evaluates the expression.

F (input and output)

When using a computer, human users primarily interact with the memory.

F (algorithm)

Informally, a computing agent is like a recipe.

F (binary digits)

Information is stored as patterns of bytes (1s and 0s).

A

A modern____organizes the monitor screen around the metaphor of a desktop, with windows containing icons:a)GUI, b)CLI, c)terminal-based interface, d)applications software

C

A____takes a set of machine language instructions as input and loads them into the appropriate memory locations:a)compiler, b)linker, c)loader, d)primary

A

An algorithm consists of a(n)____ number of instructions: a)finite, b)infinite, c)predefined, d)undefined

T

An algorithm describes a process that ends with a solution to a problem.

F (eventually)

An algorithm describes a process that may or may not halt after arriving at a solution to a problem.

T

An algorithm solves a general class of problems.

T

An important part of any operating system is its file system, which allows human users to organize their data and programs in permanent storage.

T

Ancient mathematicians developed the first algorithms.

T

Computer science focuses on a broad set of interrelated ideas.

B

Computers can communicate with the external world through various____that connect them to networks and to other devices such as handheld music players and digital cameras:a)facilities, b)ports, c)racks, d)slots

T

Each individual instruction in an algorithm is well defined.

B

Early in the nineteenth century, ____designed and constructed a machine that automated the process of weaving:a)George Boole, b)Joseph Jacquard, c)Herman Hollerith, d)Charles Babbage

T

Guido van Rossum invented the Python programming language in the early 1990s.

T

IN the 1960s, batch processing sometimes caused a programmer to wait days for results, including error messages.

C

In its early days, ____was primarily used for lab experiments in an area of research known as artificial intelligence:a)COBOL, b)machine code, c)LISP, d)FORTRAN

A

In science or any other area of enquiry, a(n)____allows human beings to reduce complex ideas or entities to simpler ones.a)abstraction, b)algorithm, c)module, d)compiler

T

Magnetic storage media, such as tapes and hard disks, allow bit patterns to be stored as patterns on a magnetic field.

F (2)

Moore's Law states that the processing speed and storage capacity of hardware will increase and its cost will decrease by approximately a factor of *3* every 18 months.

C

Python is a(n)____language:a)functional, b)assembly, c)interpreted, d)compiled

F (Tim Berners-Lee)

Steve Jobs wrote the first Web server and Web browser software.

T

THe first electronic digital computers, sometimes called mainframe computers, consisted of vacuum tubes, wires, and plugs, and filled entire rooms.

T

THe interpreter reads a Python expression or statement, also called the source code, and verifies that it is well formed.

B

Tapes and hard disks are an example of____storage media:a)semiconductor, b)magnetic, c)optical, d)primary

D

The CPU, which is also sometimes called a____, consists of electronic switches arranged to perform simple logical, arithmetic, and control operations: a)motherboard, b)chip, c)computing agent, d)processor

D

The Python interpreter rejects any statement that does not adhere to the grammar rules, or____, of the language:a)code, b)library, c)definition, d)syntax

C

The action described by the instruction in an algorithm can be performed effectively or be executed by a____: a)computer, b)processor, c)computing agent, d)program

T

The algorithms that describe information processing can also be represented as information.

F (integrated circuit)

The development of the transistor in the early 1960s allowed computer engineers to build ever smaller, faster, and less expensive computer hardware components.

T

The most important example of system software is a computer's operating system.

T

The part of a computer that is responsible for processing data is the CPU.

F (.py)

When writing Python programs, you should use a .pyt extension.

D

____took the concept of a programmable computer a step further by designing a model of a machine that bore a striking resemblance to a modrn general-purpose computer:a)George Boole, b)Joseph Jacquard, c)Herman Hollerith, d)Charles Babbage

D

____was considered ideal for numerical and scientific applications:a)COBOL, b)machine code, c)LISP, d)FORTRAN

A

In the modern world of computers, information is also commonly referred to as____: a)data, b)bits, c)input, d)records

F (machine)

A program stored in computer memory must be represented in binary digits, which is also known as ascii code.

T

A programmer typically starts by writing high-level language statements in a text editor.

T

By the mid 1980s, the Arpanet had grown into what we now call the Internet, connecting computers owned by large institutions, small organizations, and individuals all over the world.a

C

CDs and DVDs are an example of____storage media:a)semiconductor, b)magnetic, c)optical, d)primary

A

Flash memory sticks are an example of____storage media:a)semiconductor, b)magnetic, c)optical, d)primary

T

If Python expression is well formed, the interpreter translates it to an equivalent form in a low-level language.

T

In 1984, Apple Computer brought forth the Macintosh, the first successful mass-produced personal computer with a graphical user interface.

F (print)

In Python, the programmer can force the output of a value by using the cout statement.

B

In Python, you can write a print statement that includes two or more expressions separated by____:a)periods, b)commas, c)colons, d)semicolons

C

In a computer, the____devices include a keyboard, mouse, and microphone: a)memory, b)CPU, c)input, d)output

C

In carrying out the instructions of any algorithm, the computing agent starts with some given information known as____: a)data, b)variables, c)input, d)output

D

In carrying out the instructions of any algorithm, the computing agent transforms some given information according to well-defined rules and produces new information known as____:a)data, b)variables, c)input, d)output

F (Alan Turing)

In the 1930s, the mathematician Blaise Pascal explored the theoretical foundations and limits of algorithms and computation.

F (1950s)

In the early 1940s, computer scientists realized that a symbolic notation could be used instead of machine code, and the first assembly languages appeared.

B

In the early 1980s, a college dropout name Bill Gates and his partner Paul Allen built their own operation system software, which they called____:a)LISP, b)Windows, c)MS-DOS, d)Linux

B

The primary memory of a computer is also sometimes internal or____:a)ROM, b)RAM, c)flash memory, d)associative memory

D

The sequence of steps that describes a computational process is called a(n)____: a)program, b)computing agent, c)pseudocode, d)algorithm

B

____consists of the physical devices required to execute algorithms: a)firmware, b)hardware, c)I/O, d)processors

C

____developed a machine that automated data processing for the U.S. Census:a)George Boole, b)Joseph Jacquard, c)Herman Hollerith, d)Charles Babbage

A

____developed a system of logic which consisted of a pair of values, TRUE and FALSE, and a set of three primitive operations on these values, AND, OR, and NOT:a)George Boole, b)Joseph Jacquard, c)Herman Hollerith, d)Charles Babbage

C

____is the set of algorithms, represented as programs in particular programming languages: a)freeware, b)shareware, c)software, d)dataset

D

____programming languages resemble English and allow the author to express algorithms in a form that other people can understand:a)assembly, b)interpreted, c)low-level, d)high-level