Computer Sci. Unit 1
Each time we add another bit, what happens to the amount of numbers we can make?
Each time you add another bit, it doubles the amount of numbers you can make.
How many bits would be needed to count all of the students in class today?
I am not sure exactly how many students were in class today, but there was about 20, so you would need approximately 5 bits.
As a reminder, in the warm-up we saw the this scenario: Imagine you were using some of our pixelation tools to create an image and you posted it online for your friends to see - but, a week later you find out someone took that image and put it on a T-shirt that they're selling for $10 each. Now that we understand Copyright, what would need to change in order for the scenario from the warm-up to be okay?
In order for the scenario from the warm-up to be okay, you would need to create a Creative Commons license, so that the original person who produced the work, can allow others to use and sell items with their work on them.
You've been given a new cell phone with a 2 gigabyte data plan. You plan to use your phone for text messages, images, video, and music. Which of these categories are best compressed using lossless compression? Which of these categories are best compressed using lossy compression? Why?
Out of these options, images, video, and music are best compressed using lossy compression. This is because you can lose data, such as the amount of pixels you use, without the human eye or ear noticing it very much, and it can still be recognized. Text messages however, are better for lossless compression because you are able to reduce the number of bits you need, without losing any information on your device. In a message, you could also use symbols as a way to compress data without losing any information, and you still want to make sure that people understand what you mean, so lossless compression is better. Therefore, images, video, and music are better with lossy compression, but lossless compression is better used with text messages.
When using bits to represent fractions of a number, can you create all possible fractions? Why or why not?
Technically speaking, no you cannot create all possible fractions using bits because even bits have limitations and if the fractions get to small or too large it may have trouble processing and converting it to its binary equivalent.
What is the most important quality of lossless compression?
The data is transformed to usually make it smaller. It can always be re-constructed back to the original.
How would you explain a number system to someone who had never seen numbers before?
The way I would explain a number system to someone who has never seen numbers before, is by either using rhythm and tapping to my advantage or using a visual representation like shapes or grabbing a piece of paper and writing down how basic numbers look like.
"The binary pattern 01000001 represents the number 65." Write a brief response explaining whether you believe this statement is always true. Explain your reasoning.
Yes I believe that pattern is always true in the binary system because there are 8 binary digits and when you convert them to the decimal numeral system, you can see that it equals 65. For instance, the base 10 value would be equal to the binary pattern when representing the number 65.
How is a Creative Commons license different from a regular copyright?
A Creative Commons license is a way to easily share copyrighted work. It allows you to still have some rights and control over your work, but it also give others the opportunity to use it as long as they follow the rules you put in your Creative Commons License. Creative Commons is less strict on their protections, and it allows people to save time and money throughout the process. A regular copyright on the other hand, gives people with permission the right to copy, but it has very restrictive rules and intense protections on someone's work, and it takes a lot of time and effort to get a copyright. Copyright lets people get economic control over their work , and they get to have a say on how it is distributed most of the time.
Modern car odometers can record up to a million miles driven. What happens to the odometer reading when a car drives beyond its maximum reading?
Based on the car odometer application we used, when a car drives beyond its maximum reading, it overflows because it passed its limitations. Then, after overflowing it resets and has to start over again.
Your computer science teacher asks you to sample a black and white image that is 4" x 6". How would you sample the image to provide a good digital approximation using the pixelation widget? What sample size would you use? How would your decision affect the digital representation?
Based on the logo my partners and I created, I would say I would need a sample size of 20 by 25 for this image, so in total 500 squares. I would then draw the 4 by 6 image inside of that sample size and go from there.This would give a more accurate representation of the black and white image, and it would be a more precise digital representation than if we were to use smaller sample sizes.
Which of the following would result in a better digital approximation of an analog black and white image?
Decreasing the size of each sample square, thus increasing the number of samples taken.
Describe how the process of sampling, RGB pixels, and binary sequences work together to display a digital color image.
During the sampling process, samples of equal sizes are taken and read from the anolog image, and they are then assigned to pixels. Once that happens, pixels are represented by 3 colors, red, green, and blue lights. After these colors are processed, the red, green, and blue values are represented using binary number sequences, and are then sent out through electrical signals to display a color image.
An author is preparing to send their book to a publisher as an email attachment. The file on their computer is 1000 bytes. When they attach the file to their email, it shows as 750 bytes. The author gets very upset because they are concerned that part of their book has been deleted by the email address. If you could talk to this author, how would you explain what is happening to their book?
If I could talk to the author, I would explain that the reason the whole book does not seem to be attached is because the file is using too many bits to represent their information, perhaps information that has been repeated a lot of times. I would also need to explain that the computer did not delete part of the book, and that it was just compressing some of the repeating data with symbols to make the file they were sending smaller in order to process correctly. In other words, the computer was using lossless compression, meaning that no data was lost, and it can be reversed back into the original form. The person receiving the file, will be able to open up the entire book, not just part of it, and no symbols will show up on their end due to the lossless compression the computer used.
Which statement about analog and digital images is true?
Sampling an analog image more frequently produces a digital image with a better representation.
Many museums have digital catalogs of their collections. What are the potential benefits and harms of creating these digital catalogs?
Some potential benefits would be that they are easily accesible, can be updated on a frequent basis, and can be seen by anyone basically anywhere. The potential harm of creating a digital catalog however, is that it would most likely lack security. This could then lead to more attempts for someone to steal or copy the museum's data and information, which would have a negative impact on the museums.
Assume your friend just sent you 32 bits of pixel data (just the 0s and 1s for black and white pixels) that were encoded after sampling an image. Choose the two statements that are true.
The correct width and height must be input into the pixelation widget to produce the image. The fact that only 32 bits were used to represent the image indicates relatively large sample squares were used. The digital image may vary from the analog image significantly.
What are the similarities and differences between the binary and decimal systems?
The difference is that the decimal system uses digits 0-9 but the binary system only uses two digits, 0's and 1 's. However they are similar in a sense, because they both use place values to compose their numbers.
Recall when you built your information sending device. Why did we decide to send a message as a sequence of two options rather than modifying our devices to represent more options?
Using a message with a sequence of two options was meant to introduce us to binary code and how to process information in an easier way. We did this in that way because it was more complicated to make a device with a lot of answers.
Why should we care about information being represented digitally? How does this impact you personally?
We should care about the information being represented digitally because it provides for a faster way to do things, and it also eases the complexity of our work. It is also more interpertable when I use it personally, which is especially crucial when I communicate information with others. Another reason why it impacts me personally is because I will know whether or not my privacy is secure and I have control over how I want to use my ideas and information.
