Concept questions

What does the normative approach ask regarding the lifespan?

What are the average stages of development?

Which of the following is something an advocate for optimal arousal theory might observe?

When we are bored we look for excitement; when we are overexcited we wish for more peace.

If I have the same genes as my identical sister, including genes related to stress, is it possible for us to have different responses to stress on the the hormonal level (e.g. release of adrenaline)?

Yes because we could have had different experiences, thereby changing the way our genes are expressed

One-year-old Ainsley learned the schema for trucks because his family has a truck. When Ainsley sees trucks on television, she says, "Look mommy, truck!" This exemplifies ________.

assimilation

Patients with damage to amygdala

do not feel or express a normal fear response, have difficulty recognizing fearful expressions in other people, exhibit almost no startle response/ All of the above

If you suggest that smiling can make someone feel happier, then you believe the ________.

facial feedback hypothesis

When children develop theory-of-mind (TOM), they can recognize that ________.

others have false beliefs

Cici firmly believes that every child deserves a loving parent. She becomes a foster parent because she knows that it is the right thing to do. Cici becomes a foster parent because of ________ motivation.

intrinsic

Which of the following strategies should effectively reduce racism?

Teaching children to think independently and challenge social norms that promote racism

What is the just-world hypothesis?

An ideology common in the United States that people get the outcomes they deserve

Which of the following is an example of experimental research?

Babies were given pacifiers that played a recording of the mother's voice and of a stranger's voice. When the infants heard their mother's voice, they sucked more strongly at the pacifier.

Suppose you are waking down a street. A woman has fallen down, but because there are so many people around it does not occur to you that you should help. You just assume someone else is about to help her and keep walking. This is an example of

Bystander effect

During the _ stage, children now understand events and analogies logically, and they can perform simple mathematical operations.

Concrete operational

Evidence that two different emotions can elicit approximately the same physiological reaction

Suggests that polygraph tests are unreliable

Mona works at a bank. When Lois, a transgender person, arrives to drop off her paycheck Mona pretends to be busy and directs Lois to another teller. She does this whenever a person who is transgender or gender non-conforming comes to the bank. This is an example of ________.

Discrimination

Kara gets a failing grade on her history exam. Then she goes home and gets into an argument with her roommate, Lee. Lee assumes Kara is yelling at him because she likes to bully him, not because she had a bad day. Lee is making a _

Fundamental attribution error

What is the main point of the textbook discussion of Milgram's obedience study?

Individuals will obey authority to the point of potentially causing serious harm to another person.

Which is most influenced by nurture?

Language a child speaks

What is a major problem with the original Milgram study?

Milgram lied to his participants, making this study potentially unethical.

A developmental psychologist might use _ to observe how children behave on a playground, at a daycare center, or in the child's own home.

Naturalistic observation

Theorists who view development as ________ believe that development takes place in unique stages.

discontinuous