Concepts in Pharm
Solutions that use dissolving agents other than water are called:
Nonaqueous solutions.
Which of these facilities offer skilled and custodial care to older people who do not need intensive or acute hospital care but for whom remaining at home is no longer appropriate?
Nursing homes
Which type of formulary generally covers drugs that it does not list?
Open
Which law was enacted to provide for federal inspection of meat and forbade the sale of adulterated food products and poisonous medications?
Pure Food and Drug Act of 1906
Which of the following is found in the "Adverse Reactions" section of a drug monograph?
Reactions that are unexpected and potentially life-threatening
The second step in the ordering process is:
Reviewing the order.
Which type of numbering system uses letters and symbols to represent numbers?
Roman Numerals
The process of moving a drug from prescription to non-prescription status is called
Rx to OTC switch.
What action is required when compounding the two components of a transdermal gel for proper micelle formation?
Shearing
Which medication order is used to indicate that the patient should receive the medication at set intervals throughout the day?
Standing order
Which of the following has the authority to suspend or revoke the license of a pharmacy, pharmacist, or pharmacy technician?
State Board of Pharmacies
Which of the following is the first item a pharmacy technician should remember when communicating changes to a patient?
State the specific change in the drug order.
Which certification offered by NPTA indicates competency and mastery of techniques associated with aseptic IV product preparation?
Sterile Products/IV Admixture and Chemotherapy
To stir liquids by hand, which piece of equipment is used?
Stirring rods
Using the alligation grid to calculate 0.75 gm of a 1% ointment with 14.25 gm of an ointment base, how do you determine the total number required?
Subtract diagonally from the top left.
When following aseptic procedures for withdrawing from a vial, what should the pharmacy technician do first after gathering all necessary materials for the manipulation?
Swab all rubber tops with alcohol and allow the alcohol to dry.
Someone who joined the National Guard on October 15, 2003, would be eligible for which insurance program?
TRICARE Reserve Select
Mrs. Smith has been taking an antihistamine that contains pseudoephedrine. She tells the pharmacy technician that whenever she takes the pill, her she feels like her heart is racing. What should the pharmacy technician tell her
The pharmacist can answer that kind of question. Here she comes now.
The two primary methods for organizing drug information resources are by drug name or by:
Therapeutic usage.
What makes oral medications slower to take longer to provide effects and relief than other routes of administration?
They must be broken down and absorbed before they can be distributed throughout the body.
One advantage of automated medication-delivery systems in a hospital setting is the dramatic decrease in:
Turnaround time for medication orders.
Which of the following increases the security of controlled substances in an automated dispensing cabinet?
Unit–dose
Pharmacy technicians perform all of the following tasks EXCEPT:
Verifying medication orders.
_______ compounding is now one of the fastest growing areas of pharmaceutical compounding.
Veterinary
Which of the following cough medicines is NOT an expectorant?
Vicks 44 Cough
The suffix -scopy refers to:
Viewing of.
The first step in evaluating a website is to determine the website's authority and accuracy by asking certain questions. Which of the following is NOT one of those first-step questions?
When was the website last revised or updated?
The rise and fall of drug prices affects all of the following EXCEPT:
Which patients are on the formulary.
Which purchasing method allows the pharmacy buyer to purchase a large number of products by many manufacturers from one single source?
Wholesaler
What dosage form consists of a very fine liquid or solid particles mixed in a vehicle, then packed with gas and pressure that forces the medication directly into the respiratory system?
aerosol
Sometimes it is necessary to add a vowel between the root and a suffix in order to make the word pronounceable. This ________ does not change the meaning of the other word parts.
anterior vowel
Which of the following is NOT a commercially prepared cream base
aquaphor
A box of bandages retails for $5.49. The overhead on this product is calculated at $1.50. What further information do you need to calculate the net profit?
cost
A drug information resource is any source providing ________, evidenced-based, and evaluated drug information.
credible
A prescription's ________ is the expected duration of time the prescription will last the patient.
days supply
To use an alligation grid to prepare 120g of hydrocortisone using a 1% ointment and 2.5% ointment, what information is still required?
desired strength
A substance used to dilute another substance is known as the:
diluent
Prescriptions are received by a retail pharmacy in all of the following ways EXCEPT:
fax from pt
Except for the Defense Department and law enforcement agencies, the ________ government conducts its activities through administrative agencies that enforce the law.
federal
Medications for patients with AIDS will usually be encountered by pharmacy technicians who work in ________ pharmacies.
hospital
A statute is a ________ that is passed by federal, state, or local legislatures
law
Identification of recalled drugs can be determined by using the drug's NDC and:
lot #
A "want book" may be used when using a(n) ________ system to plan inventory orders
manual
Which of the following is an example of an output device?
monitor
An individualized set of values or value system is known as a ________ or principle-based philosophy.
moral
Today, pharmacists are _________ involved with the actual mechanics of prescription filling as in the past.
not as
The ________ is the representation of the number of grams of active ingredient contained in 100 mL.
percent strength
When compounding a liquid for otic use, the drug plus any preservatives and other excipients are mixed with about ________ the vehicle, before being brought to full volume.
three-quarters of
An alligation is used when mixing ________ of the same active ingredient.
two products with different percent strengths
The Pharmacy Compounding Accreditation Board (PCAB) was founded when eight of the nation's leading pharmacy organizations joined together to create a(n) ________ quality accreditation designation for the compounding industry.
voluntary
Which of the following types of concentration refers to those in which a solid active ingredient is mixed with a liquid base?
w/v
When medication is compounded in a cream form, medications are usually suspended or dissolved in a(n) ________ base.
water-soluble
10,000 mL=__________L
10
Decimals are fractions with a denominator that is a multiple of:
10
How many milligrams of isoniazid are contained in a 500ml stock bottle with a strength of 100mg/5ml?
10,000
A pharmacy filling ________ prescriptions daily would be most likely to find a prescription-filling robot to be cost-effective.
1000 or more
A class 100 environment contains no more than ________ airborne particles, ________ micron(s) or larger, per cubic foot of air.
100; 0.5
1 L is to be administered over 10 hours using a 60 drop factor. What is the flow rate in gtts/min?
100gtts/min
A pediatric patient weighs 18 lbs. Using Clark's Rule, ________ mg is an appropriate dose for the patient if the normal adult dose is 100mg.
12
The pharmacy expiration date for a unit-dose of medication is typically:
12 months from the date of unit dosing.
Rx: Dextrose 7.5% 250 mL. You will prepare the prescription by mixing Dextrose 50% and Dextrose 5%. How much Dextrose 50% will be needed?
13.9 mL
The largest medication-dispensing robots can fill up to ________ prescriptions per hour.
130
Rx: Epinephrine 0.05% solution 15 mL. You will prepare the prescription by mixing epinephrine 1% with sterile water. How much sterile water is needed
14.25 mL
A pediatric patient weighs 10 kg. Using Clark's Rule, ________ mg is an appropriate dose for the patient if the normal adult dose is 100mg.
14.6
Consider the following prescription: Amoxicillin 250mg capsules ii po tid x 10 days. What is the total amount of amoxicillin, in mg, to be dispensed?
15,000mg
How many mL of active ingredient must be added to distilled water to produce 1.5L of a 1.5% solution (v/v)?
150 mL
How many grams of hydrocortisone 2.5% must be mixed with hydrocortisone 1% to prepare 30 gm of hydrocortisone 1.5% ointment?
15gm
How much distilled water must be mixed with alcohol 70% to prepare 32 oz of alcohol 32%?
17.4 mL
In what year was the Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act passed?
1970
Rx: Dextrose 35% 5 L. You will prepare the prescription by mixing Dextrose 50% and Dextrose 20%. How much Dextrose 20% will be needed?
2,500 mL
3 gm of active ingredient is mixed with 120 gm of ointment base. What is the final concentration (w/w)?
2.5 %
A 1 L IV bag contains 20 mEq of KCL. If the IV bag runs over 8 hours, how much drug is administered per hour?
2.5 mEq
Rx: Hydrocortisone 1% ointment 60 gm. You will prepare the prescription by mixing hydrocortisone 2% and hydrocortisone 0.5% cream. How much hydrocortisone 2% cream will be needed?
20 gm
1 L is to be administered over 10 hours using a 15 drop factor. The flow rate is ________ gtts/min.
25
To prepare 5L of Dextrose 35%, you need to mix 2,500 mL of Dextrose 50% with ________ of Dextrose 20%.
250 mL
One avoirdupois ounce = _______, which is usually rounded to 30 g.
28.35 g
A 250mL IV bag running at 75 mL/hr will last ________ hours.
3
66 lbs = ________ kg
30
What SPF is recommended for children under 6 months old?
30+
How many mg of albuterol are found in 1 Tbsp of albuterol 2mg/ml?
30mg
1 L is to be administered over 5 hours using a 10 drop factor. What is the flow rate in gtts/min?
33 gtts/min
If a patient takes 200mg q4h for itching, how many milligrams would the patient take in 3 days?
3600mg
All of the following are improper fractions EXCEPT:
4/5
100 mL is to be infused over 15 minutes. What is the rate in mL/hr?
400mL/hr
A 1 L bag of NS is to infuse over 24 hours. The rate is:
42 mL/hr.
You need to prepare Dextrose 2.5% 1L by mixing Dextrose 5% with sterile water for injection. How much sterile water would be needed?
500 mL
The pharmacy pays $13.50 for a product that it sells for $28.99. What is the gross profit percent on this product?
53.43%
Rx: 1L of Dextrose 7.5%. Prepare by mixing Dextrose 50% and Dextrose 5%. How much Dextrose 50% is needed?
55.6 mL
Laminar flow hoods should be inspected and certified every:
6 months.
Consider the following prescription: Nystatin 100,000 units/ml susp 50,000 units po bid Disp: 60ml. How many days will this prescription last?
60 days
Vancomycin® 250 mg/250 mL Disp. 500 mg over 3 hours q8hr. The drop rate is not provided, so we assume it is:
60gtts/mL
1 grain = ________ mg
65
Rx: Triamcinolone 0.25% cream 20 gm. You have 0.5% and 0.1% cream available to prepare the prescription. How much 0.5% cream would be needed?
7.5 gm
Approximately how many FDA-approved non-prescription drugs are available on the U.S. market?
700
How much dextrose 70% would be mixed with SWFI to make 1 L of dextrose 5%?
71.4 mL
Rx: Diphenhydramine 5 mg/5 mL 200 mL. You will prepare the prescription by mixing diphenhydramine 12 mg/5 mL solution and diphenhydramine 1 mg/5 mL solution. How much diphenhydramine 12 mg/5 mL solution would be needed?
72.7 mL
Most retail pharmacies are organized into how many sections or areas?
8
A 1L IV bag running at 125 mL/hr will last:
8 hours.
380 mL of active ingredient is added to 4 L of distilled water. What is the final concentration (v/v)?
8.68%
32°C = ________°F
89.6
To convert a microgram to a kilogram, move the decimal point:
9 places to the left
What would indicate a net loss on an accounting income statement?
A negative number on the last line
Which reference is indexed into four comprehensive sections and is used primarily in medical office but also in pharmacies?
AHFS Drug Information
Where C = concentration and V = volume, which pharmacy calculation uses the correct formula?
C1 x V1 = C2 x V2
What federal agency is charged with protecting public health and safety through the investigation, identification, prevention, and control of diseases?
CDC
Hank was permanently disabled during his service in the USMC during the first Iraq war. His wife, Sandra, has been diagnosed with diabetes. The family's income is the below the poverty line. Which of the following will provide coverage for Sandra's medications?
CHAMPV
If an insurance claim for medication is denied, what should the pharmacy technician do?
Call the insurance company to straighten out the problem
Which of the following is an advantage of medication in solid form?
Carries a false or misleading label.
A pharmacy system that operates out of one primary location is considered:
Centralized.
A ________ drug recall is for products that could cause temporary or moderate adverse health conditions
Class II
Water-in-oil emulsion bases are occlusive, meaning the substance:
Closes or covers a wound, keeping air out.
________ is the portion of the cost of a service or product that a patient pays out-of-pocket each time the service is provided.
Co-pay
A fraction written with a numerator that is separated by a fraction line and positioned above a denominator is called a:
Common fraction
Pharmacy technicians have assumed many duties once performed by the pharmacist, including:
Compounding and preparation of intravenous drugs.
Which of the following refers to the strength of active pharmaceutical ingredient in a medication?
Concentration
Which part of a TPN compounder is the computer that must be kept outside the laminar flow hood and is controlled by using the keypad to enter data for each component?
Control module
What service does the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act require pharmacists to provide?
Counseling of patients on medication-related issues
The Baker Universal 2010 manufactured by McKesson is a type of:
Counting machine
What can help pharmacies to separate out specific numbers of tablets and capsules?
Counting machines
Automated systems manage and track inventory. Paper reports:
Must still be generated and maintained.
A product is being moved to the clearance table to be sold at 1% less than cost. The product has standard 100% markup. If the product ordinarily sells for $25, what is the sale price?
$12.38
The pharmacy orders neoprene ankle supports in small, medium, and large sizes. The total amount on the invoice is $62.97. Each ankle support sells for $33.58. What is the markup on a single ankle support?
$12.59
A prescription costs the pharmacy $15.85 and is sold for $42.00. What is the gross profit?
$26.15
The pharmacy orders a case of 6 telescoping aluminum reachers for $101.95. Each reacher is marked up by 100%. What is the retail price for a single reacher?
$33.98
If a patient's plan reimburses at AWP - 20% + $5.00, and the AWP is $78, what will the pharmacy receive from the third-party plan
$67.40
The pharmacy has paid $4.25 each for thermometers and sells them for $12 each. What is the markup on each thermometer?
$7.75
When a person is injured at work, what percentage of their medical costs will they have to cover?
0%
How much clotrimazole is contained in 15ml of clotrimazole 1% (w/v) topical solution?
0.15gm
Syringe capacity ranges from ________ mL.
0.5 to 60
How much clindamycin phosphate is contained in 60 mL of Clindamycin 1% (w/v) solution?
0.6 gm
60 gm of a compounded ointment contains 500 mg of neomycin sulfate. What is the final concentration (w/w)?
0.83%
Which section of the monograph notes the medication's strength, dosage format, and storage requirements?
How supplied
In which kind of fraction is the value of the numerator larger than the value of the denominator?
Improper Fraction
Which of the following shows the correct DEA registration number format for Dr. Mary Smith?
AS1234563
Another term for cost or invoice cost is:
Acquisition cost.
What is wrong with this alligation? Mix 10 gm of hydrocortisone 2.5% ointment with 20 gm of triple antibiotic 1% ointment.
Active ingredients are not the same.
Which of the following is an advantage of extended-release medication?
Adverse reactions and side effects are reduced, because the medication is introduced into the body slowly.
What tool is used to perform an alligation calculation?
Alligation Grid
What electronic resource contains evidence-based answers on herbals, dietary supplements, vitamins, and minerals for proper usage and dosing, efficacy, adverse reactions, and interactions?
AltMedDex System
Which reference book provides a thorough explanation and correlation of both prescription and non-prescription drugs, including around 22,000 brand name and official USP generic drugs, in a dictionary-style format?
American Drug Index
Which law, passed in 2009, included the goal of integrating technology into the nation's healthcare delivery?
American Recovery and Reinvestment Act
In the context of insurance claims, what does the word "abuse" mean?
An action that misuses government-allocated money
Which of the following is NOT likely to require prior authorization for the Drug Utilization Review process?
Inexpensive drugs
Which of the following OTC medications comes in the form of an acupressure band?
Antiemetic
Which of the following is NOT a gastrointestinal OTC system drug?
Antihistamine
Which of the following is NOT used to provide IV fluids and electrolytes?
Antineoplastic solution
A customer tells the pharmacy technician that he has read the Drug Facts Label on a package of OTC antiemetic medication but he still has some questions. What should the pharmacy technician do?
Arrange for the customer to speak with the pharmacist.
AWP stands for:
Average wholesale price.
What technology can be used to ensure that the Five Patient Rights are electronically checked?
Bar-code scanner
Which part of the syringe is open at one end and tapers into a hollow tip at the other?
Barrel
Which term is NOT used when describing a needle?
Barrel
When should an employee's competence and understanding of good work practices be tested?
Before and periodically throughout employment
Medication doses for animals are usually calculated on the basis of:
Breed and body weight.
Automixers and micromixers are examples of
High-speed compounders.
When the pharmacy technician enters patient information into the pharmacy computer, that information is stored in a(n):
Database.
A health system pharmacy with a central inpatient pharmacy, satellites, and an outpatient pharmacy is known as a(n):
Decentralized pharmacy system.
The word "parenteral" indicates that the solution is:
Delivered into the bloodstream via IV infusion.
You need to prepare a 7.5% Dextrose solution using SWFI and D10W. What information do you still need to fill in the alligation grid?
Desired Quantity
The first step in using a reference source is to:
Determine the appropriate reference source
Which of the following affects the central nervous system?
Diphenhydramine
The correct formula for calculating the quantity to dispense is:
Dose x frequency x duration = quantity to dispense.
Which of the following is NOT ordered using a medication order form?
Double room
Which pharmaceutical reference book has a loose-leaf edition that is updated monthly?
Drug Facts and Comparisons
Which law requires that all drug establishments (manufacturers, repackagers, and distributors) register their products with the FDA?
Drug Listing Act of 1972
Also known as the Prescription Drug Amendment, which law required that all prescriptions bear the legend, "Caution: Federal law prohibits dispensing without a prescription."?
Durham-Humphrey Amendment of 1951
Which type of insurance requires a patient to have a primary care physician referral in order to see a specialist?
HmO
Which of the following is true of tinctures?
Each mL of fluidextract contains 100 mg of the crude drug.
An otolaryngologist is a physician who specializes in treatment of disorders of the:
Ear, nose, and throat.
A pharmacy billing system should provide support for all of the following EXCEPT:
Employee performance reviews.
Which of the following dosage forms must be shaken prior to administration?
Emulsion
Which substance is NOT used to wet a powder during compounding?
Ethyl alcohol
How frequently must a pharmacy file a report concerning the controlled substances in its possession?
Every 10 days
What is the difference between an antitussive and an expectorant?
Expectorants loosen and thin mucus and phlegm.
Which of the following agencies does not regulate the practice of health-system pharmacies?
FDA
Which publication is organized into four parts, one of which is a cumulative list of FDA-approved products that have never been marketed?
FDA Orange Book
The term used to describe the length of time for which an IV will be administered is:
Flow rate duration.
Which reference source contains monographs for 249 parenteral drugs?
Handbook on Injectable Drugs
What kind of oral medication dosage form can be pulled apart so its contents can be sprinkled over food or into water before administration for patients who cannot swallow a whole capsule?
Hard gelatin shell capsules
What kind of medication order is used in a health-system facility research program?
Investigational medication order
Which of the following is NOT a potential source of patient medication errors related to repackaging?
Lack of verification by the pharmacy technician
The final step in using a drug information resource is to:
Locate the desired information and read it carefully.
The hollow space inside a needle is called the:
Lumen.
Which of the following is used for continuous stirring?
Magnetic stir plate
What should be done with drugs that will expire within 6 months?
Mark or label with an expiration sticker.
Which of the following is a correct formula to calculate markup percent?
Markup/cost x 100 = markup percent.
Which reference manual contains information on radiopharmaceuticals?
Martindale
Which reference book contains information on disinfectants and pesticides?
Martindale: The Complete Drug Reference
What is the health insurance program for low-income persons or persons with disabilities?
Medicaid
Clancy is a hospital patient in crisis and needs an additional dose of his usual medication. Because the usual dosage is programmed into the automated medication device, what will need to happen?
Medical personnel will use the emergency override on the device to obtain the necessary medication.
Which type of insurance is partially funded through payroll taxes?
Medicare
Which of the following is NOT in the Micromedex suite of products?
MedmarX
Laminar flow hoods should have their pre-filters changed every:
Month
The person designated on the SBOP record as the primary, on-site pharmacist, who is responsible for ensuring that the pharmacy operates in accordance with state laws and regulations, is the:
PIC
Which is a very viscous dosage form intended to be used as a protective covering over areas where it is applied?
Paste
Which of the following is an ingredient found in OTC products used to treat dermatitis?
Petrolatum
Which of the following is NOT an authorized prescriber with the ability to write a prescription?
PharmD
To complete a hard-copy medication order form by entering it into the pharmacy computer, which of the following pieces of information will the pharmacy technician need to include?
Pharmacy DEA number
Which of the following is appointed to supervise all aspects of the daily pharmacy operation?
Pharmacy manager
What time-consuming step in the medication order process could be eased with technology?
Physical delivery of medication to the nursing unit
DAW Code 2 indicates:
Physician authorized generic substitution and the generic equivalent is available, and the patient refused the substitution.
Which of the following is NOT a reason to dispose of a controlled substance?
Potential for abuse
Who should not use medicated eye drops or ointments?
Pregnant women
In which section of a retail pharmacy are new prescriptions prepared and labeled?
Prescription filling area
Which purchasing method allows the pharmacy buyer to purchase a large number of products from one single source with better pricing and service terms but often requires a dollar volume commitment?
Primary vendor
Which do manufacturers require for a drug product to be returned if it has neither expired nor been recalled?
Product must be unopened and unmarked.
Characteristics of a drug's chemical name include the following EXCEPT:
Proprietary name that only the manufacturer is allowed to use.
Which of the following is an advantage of liquid dosage forms of medication?
Provide much more flexibility for achieving the proper dosage of the medication.
The prefix a- or an- means:
before
Hospital pharmacies will generally carry ________ and also work in preparing and compounding these drug treatments.
biologics
A ________ is a solid-dosage form in which the active ingredient and any excipients are enclosed in a soluble gelatin shell that will dissolve in the stomach.
capsule
A device that can hold hundreds or thousands of tablets is called a(n):
cassette