concepts of engineering and technology exam quesions
According to the unit, the median salary of a mechanical engineer is a.$51,000. b.$67,000. c.$75,000. d.$83,000.
$83,000
According to the zeroth law of thermodynamics, which of the following cannot occur? a.A room being heated by an air conditioner. b.A temperature below the coldest item in an area. c.A cooler full of ice chilling a soda sitting on top of it. d.Returning heat to an area that has reached absolute zero.
A cooler full of ice chilling a soda sitting on top of it.
How do chemical engineers support those in the agriculture industry? a.By consuming a lot of vegetables. b.By designing more efficient barns for livestock. c.By measuring and documenting soil erosion. d.By developing fertilizer and pesticides that promote plant growth.
By developing fertilizer and pesticides that promote plant growth.
Why would it be important for surgeons to use technology to see how an individual's heart is functioning when correcting heart defects? a.Very few surgeons have the time to develop the specialization to examine hearts. b.Those with heart defects do not have hearts that work the same as everyone else's. c.Surgeons have been particularly reluctant to embrace the benefits of biotechnology. d.Of all medical issues that use biotechnology, heart defects are the most important.
Those with heart defects do not have hearts that work the same as everyone else's.
In order to be a machine, a device must have which of the following? a.a motor b.working gears c.a need for energy d.interaction with other devices
a need for energy
If the product is an industrial pizza oven, the most likely end user is a.a home chef. b.a restaurant cook. c.anyone who likes pizza. d.other oven manufacturers.
a restaurant cook
A coastal engineer is to oil platform as a structural engineer is to a.a freeway. b.a skyscraper. c.a submarine pipeline. d.an underground tunnel.
a skyscraper
All of the following are types of models EXCEPT a.a theory. b.an analogy. c.a physical replica. d.a mathematical representation.
a theory
Prototypes are designed to determine a product's feasibility. In this context, "feasibility" means a.popularity. b.skills required. c.ability to be built. d.total cost of production.
ability to be built
A team given the task of designing a product would likely include all of the following EXCEPT a.a designer. b.an accountant. c.a mechanical engineer. d.a material science engineer.
an accountant
The purpose of surveying is to a.appropriately measure the land. b.determine accessibility to water. c.see if a proposed project will have a negative impact. d.measure all other buildings and structures in the area.
appropriately measure the land
How much testing should a product undergo? a. 10 tests b. 20 tests c. 100 tests d. as much as possible
as much as possible
Which of the following describes reverse engineering? a. Identifying a problem to be solved and solving it. b.Using systems thinking to address a serious problem. c.Beginning with the product and developing the process. d.Going back to the beginning when a step in the process does not work.
begining with the product and developing the process
Which of the following analyses allow biological information to forward much medical research? a.Bioinformatics b.Red biotechnology c.White biotechnology d.Green biotechnology
bioinformatics
Those considering a career in engineering should expect to take several classes in all of the following EXCEPT a.biology. b.economics. c.mathematics. d.computer science.
biology
Which of the following would be a career that required a background in life science? a.biotechnology b.mathematician c.software design d.automotive designer
biotechnology
What does the engineering design process have in common with the scientific method discussed in a previous unit? a.Both have clearly defined steps. b.Neither requires special training. c.Both can be ignored in certain situations. d.Neither is started with a particular result in mind.
both have clearly defined steps
Which of the following is an important function of microbes? a.Hosting the DNA of a cell b.Allowing species to reproduce c.Breaking down organic matter d.Forming the basis of multi-celled organisms
breaking down organic matter
Which of the following best summarizes the principle of recycling in chemical engineering? a.Bypassing a step in the process. b.Creating as little waste as possible. c.Finding many uses for the same item. d.Using discarded material to make a new product.
bypassing a step in the process
The measurement of an electric current includes which of the following? a.Time and space. b.Space and height. c.Charge and time. d.Height and charge.
charge and time
How does chemical engineering differ from mechanical engineering? a.Only mechanical engineering requires math. b.Chemical engineering creates new materials. c.There is far more science involved in chemical engineering. d.Mechanical engineers are more likely to work with natural elements.
chemical engineering creates new materials
Which type of control system uses a censor to continuously make adjustments as needed? a.Discrete control b.Sequential control c.Continuous control d.Open and closed loop control
continuous control
In the phrase, "funnel knowledge into the alchemy of an entirely new and innovative result," the term "alchemy" means which of the following? a.Caution b.Creation c.Collateral d.Chemistry
creation
an engineering notebook can be used for all of the following purposes EXEPT a. documenting research b. proving the origin of an idea c. keeping sketches in one place d. documenting goals in an engineer's personal life
documenting goals in an engineer's personal life
From a developmental standpoint, what is the largest challenge we currently face regardingcolonizing in space? a.Technological abilities b.Associated costs c.Fear of expansion d.Ecological life support
ecological life support
which of the following explains how technology and engineering ar related? a. Engineering demonstrates how to properly use technology. b. Technology creates social problems and engineering solves them. c. Technology often incorporates the latest advances in engineering. d. Technology is completely dependent on science, whereas engineering uses both science and technology.
engineering demonstrates how to properly use technology
It is important that measurements be consistent in engineering because a.there is only one established system of measurement available. b.measurements are not usually based on any established standard. c.there is one unit that is used to measure weight, length, and distance. d.engineers often work together internationally and replicate each others' results.
engineers often work together internationally and replicate each others' results.
The purpose of process control is to a.identify variables and discover the full range of results they produce. b.ensure that the output is consistent every time the process is enacted. c.allow chemical engineers to work successfully with those in other fields. d.develop the management skills required to assist chemical engineers in doing their job.
ensure that the output is consistent every time the process is enacted
True or False: All advancements in engineering came from Europe.
false
True or False: Industrial waste is always toxic.
false
true or false: All engineers agree that sketches are better than digital options.
false
true or false: Civil engineering includes buildings and bridges only.
false
true or false: If the scale model works as predicted, the final product is guaranteed to be flawless.
false
true or false: It is possible to eliminate every single problem with a product through testing.
false
true or false: Most of the social problems that require the aid of engineers are currently being resolved.
false
true or false: engineering makes predictions about what will happen in a given cicumstance.
false
true or false: heat travels from cold places to hot places.
false
true or false: scientist perfer to work with open systems
false
true or false: when one solution is found, the engineering process is complete.
false
true or false:There are few uses for sulfuric acid.
false
Ideation includes all of the following EXCEPT a. actualizing ideas. b.generating new ideas. c.finding flaws in others' ideas. d.communicating how to develop ideas.
finding flaws in others' ideas
The benefit of bioengineering is that a.it helps relieve soil erosion. b.all materials involved must be organic. c.it does not ever impact the environment. d.it produces advancements that keep people healthy.
fit produces advancements that keep people healthy
Minimizing the risk of landslides would be the job of a(n) a.urban engineer. b.coastal engineer. c.geotechnical engineer. d.transportation engineer.
geotechnical engineer
Functionality relates to a.how a product actually works. b.whether a design is innovative. c.taking an idea to the next level. d.having the right materials for the job.
how a product actually works
A test for compatibility will examine a.the final cost of producing the product. b.whether a device functions as designed or not. c.how well systems or components work together. d.if the product compares with others in the markets.
how well systems or components work together.
The author mentions the Pyramids of Giza in order to a.highlight the wonders of the Ancient World. b.point out that the Great Wall of China is more important. c.show how primitive and simple early building techniques were. d.illustrate how important civil engineering is in human history.
illustrate how important civil engineering is in human history.
Measuring mass requires documenting which of the following? a.Inertia b.Velocity c.Complexity d.Flammability
inertia
What problem does chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) create? a.It causes lead poisoning. b.It causes great damage to the ozone layer. c.It leaks into food as it cools the air in refrigerators. d.It is responsible for most of the pollution created by automobiles.
it causes great damage to the ozone layer
why is it that technology designed to communicate can also make communication more difficult? a. It diminishes interpersonal skills. b. It is available in only one language. c. It requires high levels of vocabulary. d. It is often difficult to access or operate.
it diminishes interpersonal skills
which of the following best explains why research is an important first step? a. Research is important in every type of career. b.It ensures experiments focus on new information. c. Scientists never want to get the same results as other scientists have. d. It is important to conduct the exact same experiment other scientists have.
it ensures experiments focus on new information
Which of the following is true of the field of water resources engineering? a.It focuses on the public's water needs. b.It is the only field that deals with water. c.Stopping coastal erosion is its primary goal. d.It is only concerned with agricultural industries.
it focuses on the public's water needs
Why is a portfolio essential for getting a job in engineering? a.It lists your education and skills. b.It provides examples of your work. c.Most other candidates won't have one. d.It contains references from past employers.
it provides examples of your work
what makes a tool a kind of technology? a. it is made of stone b. it is popular throughout the region c. it's application solves a practical need d. it can be used for many diffrent tasks
its application solves a practical need
Thomas Midgely is responsible for significant advances in all of the following EXCEPT a.refrigeration. b.aerosol sprays. c.jet plane engines. d.automobile manufacturing.
jet plane engines
Conductivity is the capacity to transmit all of the following EXCEPT a. heat b. light c. sound d. electricity
light
Resistance to impact is an example of a(n) a.obtuse property. b.thermal property. c.mechanical property. d.general physical property.
machanical property
The phrase "a leap from information to formation" most closely means a.making an idea into a concrete object. b.creating theories based on information. c.using assumptions when facts are not available. d.incorporating ideas from many fields of engineering.
making an idea into a concrete object.
The author uses the example of Henry Ford to illustrate that a.the process of invention is easy. b.mechanical engineering can lead to great innovations. c.life was very difficult at the turn of the 20th century. d.mass production methods were an important part of the Industrial Revolution.
mechanical engineering can lead to great innovations
The purpose of control systems is to a.monitor and regulate output. b.facilitate unexpected variation in output. c.eliminate the need for human interaction. d.demonstrate that chemical engineering principles are effective.
monitor and requlate output
How many different organelles do humans have? a.Five b.Seven c.Nine d.Twelve
nine
Clarifying the criteria is the part of the problem-solving process that involves working with the. a. client b. genral public c. other engineers d. scientific community
other engineers
Which of the following viruses is under control thanks to bioengineers? a.Zika b.Ebola c.Rabies d.Dengue
rabies
Cells with a nucleus produce which of the following? a.red blood cells b.prokaryotic cells c.metabolic activity d.reproductive organs
red blood cells
the fact that redesign is part of the engineering design process indicates what? a. Engineering is a complex field. b. Engineers make many mistakes. c. Mistakes are often made if people are not careful. d. Refining products in an important part of engineering.
refining products in an important part of engineering.
Inversion is similar to what other concept discussed in the unit? a. Reverse engineering. b. Using a poem to solve problems. c. Connecting systems to each other. d. Clearly identifying systems and subsystems.
reverse engineering
why is understanding science the first step in engineering? a. Science is much older than engineering. b. A degree in engineering requires a degree in a science first. c. Science helps engineers, but engineers never advance science. d. Science provides the basic rules that engineers must use when creating products.
science provides the basic rules that engineers must use when creating products
what does it mean to test a hypothesis? a. Pass a quiz on other scientists' results b. Analyze only the results from scientific sources c. Not make assumptions about how an experiment will turn out b.See if the results of an experiment are what the scientist predicted
see if the results af an experiment are what the scientist predicted
Which of the following is an example of development after a product is released to the public? a.Putting the product on sale. b.Sending out a software update. c.Seeing how competitors are pricing their products for the market. d.Ensuring that the most efficient materials are used in production.
sending out a software update
which of the following would a person interested in termodynamics study? a. solar energy b. water purification c. combating cancer d. governing systems
solar energy
Material science focuses on which of the following? a.Heat b.Solids c.Gases d.Liquids
solids
If you are examining the reliability in a test, you are testing for a.surprises. b.soundness. c.comparison. d.compatibility.
soundness
External combustion engines convert energy into a.oil. b.water. c.steam. d.gasoline.
steam
All of the following were developed in the same era EXCEPT a.sulfuric acid. b.colored glass. c.synthetic detergents. d.mathematic principles.
synthetic detergents
all of the following are examples of the disadvantages of air travel technology EXEPT. a. the risk of plane crashes b. the greater opportunity to travel c. the pollution created by planes d. the environmental cost of increased demand for fuel
the greater opportunity to travel
what determines which problems engineers attempt to solve? a. the needs of society b. scientists' recommendations c. professional engineering orginizations d. problems that have been solved in the past
the needs of society
The entropy in the universe can never be reduced' is which law of thermodynamics? a.The first b.The second c.The third d.The fourth
the second
all of the following are important technological developments of the middle ages EXEPT a. the plow b. the tidal mill c. the printing press d. the steam engine
the steam engine
All of the following are examples of discrete control systems EXCEPT a.a light switch. b.the ignition button on a boat. c.the volume control on a sound system. d.the power button on the remote control.
the volume control on a sound system
All of the following statements are true of prokaryotic cells EXCEPT a.they are the smallest. b.they do not have a nucleus. c.there are about 75 trillion types. d.they are found in single cell organisms.
there are about 75 trillion types
Which of the following is true of viruses? a.They reproduce quickly and easily. b.They attach themselves to living cells. c.They only attack major systems of the body. d.They contain many different types of cellular material.
they attach themselves to living cells
whi is the industrial revolution similar to the digital age? a. They both began in the late 1900s and ended about a century later. b.They both created technology that changed many aspects of everyday life. c.They are the only two eras in which technology played a significant role. d.They both are characterized by the use of stone and iron to advance technology.
they both created technology that changed many aspects of everyday life.
technological systems can be considered very social because a. they have no subsystems b. they require a lot of maintenance c. they are built by people to serve society d. they communicate with many diffrent elements
they communicate with many diffrent elements
why was the first skyscraper torn down? a. it was dameged in a fire b. to build an even bigger skyscraper c. there were serious structural flaws in the building d. the community objeted to the height of the building
to build an even bigger skyscraper
Why should a coworker sign off as a witness for an engineering notebook? a. To double check the work. b. Many engineers skip this essential step. c. Because fraud is common in engineering. d. This step is needed only for inexperienced engineers.
to double check the work
What is the point of a process sketch? a.To demonstrate perspective. b.To illustrate an idea for clients. c.To get a basic concept on paper. d.To show understanding of the project.
to illustrate an idea for clients
True or False: Coastal engineers design man-made islands.
true
True or False: Smaller engines generally require less fuel than their larger counterparts.
true
true or false- whether technology is good or bad depends on how it is used
true
true or false: A closed loop system is more sophisticated than an open loop system.
true
true or false: A prototype shows if a product meets the required needs.
true
true or false: All materials have distinct properties that need to be considered in the design process.
true
true or false: Even chaos is studied in mechanical engineering.
true
true or false: The military often employs geotechnical engineers.
true
true or false: There are fewer career opportunities in biotechnology than in other engineering fields.
true
true or false: engineering need to look for non-technological systems, as well as technological problems, to solve problems
true
true or false: engineering uses scientific thinking to solve real-world problems.
true
true or false: even closed systems are never perfectly closed
true
true or false: going back the beginning of the process is common in engineering.
true
true or false: the individual charictoristics of the elements of a system are as important as the characteristics of the system itself.
true
true or false:All machines use some type of energy.
true
