Conceptual Academy Unit A: Elements of Chemistry

Precision is how close a measurement is to the true value. *measured values are to each other.* in time measurements are taken. measurements align.

*measured values are to each other.*

A horizontal row of the periodic table is also known as an atomic group. family. *period.* transition.

*period.*

The atomic number is a count of the number of neutrons. electrons. *protons.* subatomic particles.

*protons.*

According to this video, the scientist is a natural *skeptic.* denialist. researcher. debater.

*skeptic.*

Filtered ocean water is best described as a *solution* suspension heterogeneous mixture pure substance

*solution*

According to this video, substantiated claims are more willing accepted by *the skeptic.* the denialist. lawyers. politicians.

*the skeptic.*

How do we get so many different types of materials from a relatively few number of elements? They multiply quickly. *A great variety of potential combinations.* Elements are used in materials over and over again. We don_t, there are only a few types of material.

*A great variety of potential combinations.*

What does a conceptual model describe? *The behavior of a system.* The movements of electrons and atoms. Patterns of change in an experiment. Predictions based on facts.

*The behavior of a system.*

A wavelength of visible light is *larger than an atom.* smaller than an atom. about the same size of an atom. None of these.

*larger than an atom.*

A micron is equal to 10(-3) meters. 10(-5) meters. *10(-6) meters.* 10(-9) meters.

*10(-6) meters.*

Which of the following numbers represents the greatest precision? 2.73 9.209 10.23 *104,564*

*104,564*

The number 10^15 in decimal notation has no zeros. 14 zeros. *15 zeros.* 16 zeros.

*15 zeros.*

The width of a DNA molecule is about 1 nanometers. *2 nanometers.* 2 microns. 10 femtometers.

*2 nanometers.*

How many conversion factors can be made from a single equality? 0.5 42 17 *2*

*2*

After 2 hours, by what percent did the air volume decrease in Kai and Maile_s jar? 10 percent *20 percent* 30 percent 40 percent

*20 percent*

In the year 0 AD, the world population of humans was about 2 million 20 million *200 million* 2000 million

*200 million*

The weight of the atmosphere is about 5 billion tons. *5 million billion tons.* 5 trillion tons. 5 billion trillion tons.

*5 million billion tons.*

What temperature is twice as hot as 0 degrees Celsius? *546 Kelvin.* 1 degrees Celsius. 60 degrees Fahrenheit. 700 Kelvin.

*546 Kelvin.*

What temperature is twice as hot as 10 degrees Celsius? 20 degrees Celsius. 420 Kelvin. minus 10 degrees Celsius. *566 Kelvin.*

*566 Kelvin.*

What is the promise of technology? New and exciting consumer electronics Advances in medicine Sustainable energy *A cleaner and healthier world*

*A cleaner and healthier world*

According to this video lesson, what is volume? The size of an object. *A given amount of space.* How loud a sound is. The total amount of mass in an object.

*A given amount of space.*

On planet Earth, which weighs more: a pound of gold or a kilogram of gold? *A kilogram of gold.* A pound of gold. They weigh the same. None of he above.

*A kilogram of gold.*

Any measurement of a physical quantity must always include two things. What are they? An instrument and an observer A prefix and a suffix *A number and a unit* Documentation and confirmation

*A number and a unit*

How much water should you add to the balloon that goes into the microwave? One gallon. Half a pound. *About a tablespoon.* One cup.

*About a tablespoon.*

In which phase(s) do the submicroscopic particles come in contact with one another? Solid Liquid Gaseous *All of the above.*

*All of the above.*

What do Kai and Maile initially use as a reaction vessel? *An aspirin bottle.* A computer simulation. A measuring cup with spout. The palms of their fists.

*An aspirin bottle.*

According to Kai, what kind of thinking makes for good science? Skeptical thinking. Critical thinking. Humorous thinking. *Analytical thinking.*

*Analytical thinking.*

When naming a compound made from two elements, what suffix is used to indicate the element to the farthest right side of the periodic table? "gen" "ium" *"ide"* "ian"

*"ide"*

The atomic mass unit is equal to *1.661 x 10(-24) grams.* 1.653 x 10(-36) ounces. 2.68 x 10(-12) grams. 2.698 x 10(-19) grams.

*1.661 x 10(-24) grams.*

The world population of humans is now about 7 million 70 million 700 million *7000 million*

*7000 million*

What is it that both a physical and chemical change involve? A thermal change. A change in magnetic activity. *A change in physical appearance.* A change of phase.

*A change in physical appearance.*

If something has energy, what can it do? *Apply a force over a distance.* Neutralize matter. Gain more energy. Attract magnets.

*Apply a force over a distance.*

What is an atom mostly made of? Electrons *Empty space.* Atoms Elements

*Empty space.*

What is the chemical formula for iron oxide? Fr3O2 Gh7N1 Ns92 *Fe2O3*

*Fe2O3*

Water collects on the side of the pot on the gas stove. Where does this water come from? The surrounding air. From the steam. *From the combustion of methane gas.* It seeps out of the pot.

*From the combustion of methane gas.*

What is the elemental formula for nitrogen? M1 *N2* E3 N5

*N2*

Which has a lower boiling point: nitrogen or oxygen? Oxygen *Nitrogen* They have the same boiling point. These are gases and to not boil

*Nitrogen*

Which models describe what atoms actually look like? Graphic descriptions. *None of them.* Conceptual models. Physical representations.

*None of them.*

Are alpha particles positive or negative in charge? Negative *Positive* The charge alternates. Alpha particles have no charge.

*Positive*

According to this video lesson, besides giving talks, how else do chemists formally present information to each other? Published articles. Blogs. Teleconferences. *Poster sessions.*

*Poster sessions.*

What four interrelated quantities can be used to describe the properties of a gas? *Pressure, temperature, number of molecules, and volume* Density, volume, mass, and temperature Kinetic energy, potential energy, heat, and temperature Volume, pressure, temperature, and density

*Pressure, temperature, number of molecules, and volume*

Which is the best statement: Science arises from technology. Technology arises from science. *Science and technology arise from each other.* Science and technology are not related.

*Science and technology arise from each other.*

Why doesn_t the match burn in the glass containing the reaction between vinegar and baking soda? *The match is extinguished by the carbon dioxide.* The match has too much fuel the burn. The current of oxygen out of the glass. The match is extinguished by the carbon monoxide.

*The match is extinguished by the carbon dioxide.*

What is the atomic number of an element? 42 *The number of protons found in each atom of that element.* The location of that element on the periodic table. How that element relates to other elements.

*The number of protons found in each atom of that element.*

The prefix for one billion is mega. nano. *giga.* hecto.

*giga.*

The number 10^-15 is *greater than zero.* equal to zero. less than zero. not a real number.

*greater than zero.*

The elements fluorine, chlorine, and bromine are also known as chalcogens *halogens* alkali metals noble gases

*halogens*

On a submicroscopic level, solids, liquids, and gases are distinguished by '''''''. the size of the molecules the density of each molecule how the molecules respond to heat *how the molecules are positioned*

*how the molecules are positioned*

Taking significant figures into account, what is 1000 minus 2? 1002 *1000* 998 999.8

*1000*

How large are the objects that are the focus of nanotechnology? 1.5 micrometers <p>1.5 millimeters</p> *2.1 nanometers* Less than 2 nanometers

*2.1 nanometers*

Which involves more energy per gram of material: a physical or chemical change? A physical change. *A chemical change.* They require the same amount of energy. They don_t require any energy.

*A chemical change.*

How does a chemist define a 'pure' material? A material recently created A material whose color is uniform A material of natural origin *A material consisting of only one element or compound*

*A material consisting of only one element or compound*

How did Lavoisier define an element? Any solid, liquid or gas A fundamental material found only in nature and not made by humans Any pure substance lighter than gold *A material that can't be broken down into simpler components*

*A material that can't be broken down into simpler components*

What is a chemist_s definition of _pure_? A material made out of heavy elements. A nonradioactive compound. A compound made out of naturally occurring elements. *A material that contains only one element or compound.*

*A material that contains only one element or compound.*

Which is typically easier to reverse: a physical or chemical change? *A physical change.* A chemical change. Both are as easy as making water into ice. Both are irreversible.

*A physical change.*

What is mass? A standard unit of inertia *A quality of matter* An alternate measure of an object's density The gravitational component of a portion of matter

*A quality of matter*

How much more mass does a proton have compared to an electron? About 1,467 times as much mass. About 1,583 times a much mass. About 1,702 times a much mass. *About 1,836 times as much mass.*

*About 1,836 times as much mass.*

How does Kai suggest to control the vinegar reaction? Regulate the pressure. Control the temperature. *Add the vinegar slowly.* Spread out the reaction.

*Add the vinegar slowly.*

Name two physical properties of gold. It_s very dense. It has a yellowish color. It_s soft. *All of the above.*

*All of the above.*

What is not found in a sample of pure gold? Lead Carbon Impurities *All of the above.*

*All of the above.*

Why should you turn the stove off just before all of the water has boiled away? Safety So the lab materials last longer. The stove is no longer needed. *All of the above.*

*All of the above.*

Density is a measure of what? An object's volume divided by its mass *An object's mass divided by its volume* An object's weight divided by its volume A quantitative measure of an object's tensile strength

*An object's mass divided by its volume*

Why can't we see atoms with an optical microscope? Atoms move too fast. *Atoms are smaller than the wavelength of light.* Optical microscopes don_t look close enough. Atoms can be seen, but only in large groups.

*Atoms are smaller than the wavelength of light.*

What is an isotope? A device used in nuclear power plants. A humanmade atom. Radioactive material found underground. *Atoms with the same number of protons but different number of neutrons.*

*Atoms with the same number of protons but different number of neutrons.*

Why are common names also used? Because most scientific discoveries can be attributed to one area. *Because they describe chemicals that are known to many.* Because the I.B.C. standardized them. Because they evolved over time.

*Because they describe chemicals that are known to many.*

What evidence suggests that a gas is formed when the vinegar is added to the baking soda? The acidic reaction. The smell. *Bubbles.* The combination of two materials.

*Bubbles.*

Which is the most abundant carbon isotope? Carbon-6 *Carbon-12* Carbon-13 Carbon-14

*Carbon-12*

The value of absolute zero can be most easily inferred from '''''''. Boyle's Law *Charles's Law* Avogadro's Law the ideal gas law

*Charles's Law*

Is the transformation of oxygen to ozone a chemical or physical change? *Chemical change.* Physical change. Neither Both

*Chemical change.*

What is the systematic name for the compound that has the chemical formula: H2O? *Dihydrogen monoxide or also dihydrogen oxide.* Hydrogen oxide or also Trihydrogen oxide. Calcium carbonate. Water

*Dihydrogen monoxide or also dihydrogen oxide.*

Why don_t atoms just pass through one another? Two bodies cannot occupy the same space. Magnetic forces keep them apart. *Electric repulsions between electrons.* It_s highly unlikely for atoms to come close.

*Electric repulsions between electrons.*

What subatomic particle was the cathode ray particle discovered to be? Quark *Electron* Atom Molecule

*Electron*

Why is the shell model a good graphical depiction of an atom? Because that_s what atoms actually look like. It_s widely accepted and commonly used. *Electrons behave as though they are in a series of 7 concentric shells.* All of the above.

*Electrons behave as though they are in a series of 7 concentric shells.*

What is on the outside of any atom? A magnetic field. Elements. Molecules. *Electrons.*

*Electrons.*

What are most things in our environment made out of? Atoms and molecules. Elements and molecules. *Elements and compounds.* Compounds and atoms.

*Elements and compounds.*

Are atoms made out of elements or are elements made out of atoms? Atoms are made out of elements. Elements and atoms form compounds. Atom is another name for element. *Elements are made out of atoms.*

*Elements are made out of atoms.*

Water collects on the outside of a cold bottle. Where does this water come from? *Humidity in the air.* From inside the bottle. The puddle you dropped it in. A chemical reaction inside the bottle.

*Humidity in the air.*

Name two elements that are attracted to a magnet. Argon and silicon. Neon and chlorine *Iron and nickel.* Iodine and bromine.

*Iron and nickel.*

What is the importance of developing a good conceptual model of an atom? Because atoms look like their conceptual model. For reference. *It helps give chemists a handle on how atoms behave.* All of the above.

*It helps give chemists a handle on how atoms behave.*

Lanthanides are used to make white writing paper. *LEDs.* vitamins. fluorescent lamps.

*LEDs.*

How can you tell whether an atom within a compound takes on a positive or negative charge? Use an electroscope. Test to see if the compound attracts or repels a thin stream of water. See how crystals of the compound respond to a magnetic field. *Locate the position of the atom in the periodic table.*

*Locate the position of the atom in the periodic table.*

How do we separate the components of a mixture? Electrolysis Use energy to remove the effects of entropy Filtration *Look for differences in physical properties*

*Look for differences in physical properties*

Name two physical properties of metals. Metals sink in water and they rust. Metals dissolve in water and are malleable. Metals are transparent and they conduct electricity. *Metals can be drawn into wires and are opaque.*

*Metals can be drawn into wires and are opaque.*

Did most alpha particles pass through the gold foil or bounce back backwards? *Most passed through the gold foil.* Most did not pass through the gold foil. Half the particles passed through the gold foil. Only the fastest alpha particles passes through the gold foil.

*Most passed through the gold foil.*

Did Rutherford actually see the atomic nucleus? No, although his lab assistant did. Yes, but only for a moment. *No, he deducted its presence based upon experimental evidence.* Yes, he discovered it by accident.

*No, he deducted its presence based upon experimental evidence.*

Is elemental sodium commonly found in the foods we eat? *No, sodium ions are found in food.* Yes, sodium is salt. No, elemental sodium is toxic. Yes, but in small amounts.

*No, sodium ions are found in food.*

Are the physical properties of water always the same? *No, they depend on environmental conditions.* Yes, the physical properties of water never change. No, scientists can change them to create energy. Only on the surface of planets.

*No, they depend on environmental conditions.*

Does the Fire Water activity work with an electric stove? Yes, any stove will do. No, you need heat from a wood stove. Yes, you need an electrical current. *No, this activity relies on the combustion of methane gas.*

*No, this activity relies on the combustion of methane gas.*

At any point in this video lesson, is water seen to be boiling? Yes, John makes tea for an experiment. *No, you see chemical transformation, not boiling.* Yes, water is heated to boiling to inflate a balloon. No, water is not even mentioned in this chapter.

*No, you see chemical transformation, not boiling.*

Is it possible to calculate the mass of one of these particles only knowing the angle of deflection? Yes. One only needs the angle to calculate mass. No. One needs the angle of deflection, size of the charge, and type of charge. Yes, but not very accurately. *No. One needs both the angle of deflection and the size of the charge.*

*No. One needs both the angle of deflection and the size of the charge.*

What is the difference between a homogenous and a heterogeneous mixture? Only in a homogeneous mixture can the different components be seen with the unaided eye. Only in a heterogeneous mixture can the different elements be seen with the unaided eye. *Only in a heterogeneous mixture can the different components be seen with the unaided eye.* Only in a heterogeneous mixture can the different components be seen with a microscope.

*Only in a heterogeneous mixture can the different components be seen with the unaided eye.*

Why does the match burn brighter in the glass containing the reaction between yeast and hydrogen peroxide? Yeast reduces the amount of carbon dioxide. *Oxygen gas within the glass is contributing to the combustion.* The yeast is providing fuel for the combustion. Because there is no wind in the glass.

*Oxygen gas within the glass is contributing to the combustion.*

Why is it important to wear safety goggles while performing this activity? The risk of projectiles. Some gases involved are harmful to the eyes. *Splattering of boiling water.* Bright lights used in the process can blind.

*Splattering of boiling water.*

Would the angle of deflection of the charged particles be bigger or smaller if they had more mass? The angle of deflection would be smaller because of the smaller inertia. The angle of deflection would be greater because of the greater inertia. *The angle of deflection would be smaller because of the greater inertia.* The angle of deflection would be smaller because of the smaller mass.

*The angle of deflection would be smaller because of the greater inertia.*

What happens to the atoms within molecules undergoing a chemical reaction? The atoms become larger. *The atoms change partners.* The atoms get really hot. The atoms split in half.

*The atoms change partners.*

What does temperature measure? The total energy within a material *The average kinetic energy of molecules* The heat of a substance The density of a substance compared to an external standard

*The average kinetic energy of molecules*

How did Millikan deduce that the atom was divisible? *The detected mass was smaller than the smallest known atom.* Transference of energy within the cathode ray tube. By measuring light invisible to the naked eye. Answers A and B.

*The detected mass was smaller than the smallest known atom.*

What changes during a physical change? Temperature Mass, volume, and area. *The physical attributes of a single material.* Weight

*The physical attributes of a single material.*

What does the probability cloud model describe? *The probability that the electron will be in a certain region.* How many electrons are most likely to be in an atom. The location of a molecule. How many atoms are occupying a certain volume.

*The probability that the electron will be in a certain region.*

What two subatomic particles make up the nucleus? *The proton and the neutron.* The molecule and neutrino. The atom and electron. The quark and neutron.

*The proton and the neutron.*

Why is the tarnishing of a coin an example of a chemical change? The tarnish is another form of the same material. *The tarnish is a fundamentally different material.* The coin is left exposed for a long time. It is not, the tarnish gets collected on the coin from other sources.

*The tarnish is a fundamentally different material.*

How do we account for the great variety of substances in the world? The Earth is 4.5 billion years old. Most of these substances are organic compounds. Atoms are incredibly small. *There are many possible combinations of atoms.*

*There are many possible combinations of atoms.*

Why did Millikan reverse the charges of the plates in his oil drop apparatus? To separate the oil from other compounds. *To get oil droplets to hover in midair.* To maintain the correct temperature. To measure the rate of change.

*To get oil droplets to hover in midair.*

How might you find out what Kai is seeing at the end of this video lesson? Look in another source. Turn to the back of the textbook. *Try the activity yourself.* Look at the video_s description.

*Try the activity yourself.*

List several common transition metals. Gallium, lead, and indium Actinium, plutonium, and uranium Sodium, potassium, and rubidium *Tungsten, platinum, and iron*

*Tungsten, platinum, and iron*

Can a gas mix into a liquid? Explain. *Yes, carbonated beverages are an example of this.* No, gas and liquid are two completely different phases. Yes, this is done for gasoline in cars. No, a gas will always escape the liquid.

*Yes, carbonated beverages are an example of this.*

Is it possible to have a solid mixture? Yes, so long as some liquid is added. *Yes, so long as it contains more than one component.* No, mixtures are always liquid. No, solids are in a fixed state.

*Yes, so long as it contains more than one component.*

Can electricity pass through nothing? No. electricity is like sound and needs to pass through matter. *Yes. Electrons passing through a vacuum is a form of electricity.* No. A vacuum is a natural insulator. Yes. Modern technology often takes advantage of wireless power supplies.

*Yes. Electrons passing through a vacuum is a form of electricity.*

Which has a lower melting point: zinc or copper? *Zinc* Copper They have the same melting point. These are liquids and do not melt.

*Zinc*

Dr. Edmond Locard was a British detective. an American scientist. a colleague of Sherlock Holmes. *a French criminologist.*

*a French criminologist.*

Sugar is an element. *a compound.* a transition element a form of water.

*a compound.*

Water is an element. *a compound.* a transition element a form of sulfuric acid.

*a compound.*

Carbon is *an element.* a compound. a transition element a form of water.

*an element.*

Dust mites thrive within lampshades. *bed sheets.* water. aerosols.

*bed sheets.*

Heat is a measure of the '''''''. total amount of energy within a substance average temperature of a substance *flow of energy between two substances* capacity of a substance to release thermal energy

*flow of energy between two substances*

How does applied research differ from basic research? *Applied research creates new technology.* Applied research explores how things work. Applied research has many sponsors. They are two phrases for the same thing.

*Applied research creates new technology.*

Why is the value of pi the same no matter what the size of the circle? The volume of the circle is the radius times diameter. As the circumference increases the radius decreases. *As the circumference gets bigger so does the diameter.* Pi is different for very large and very small circles.

*As the circumference gets bigger so does the diameter.*

Why are baked foods commonly more odoriferous than boiled foods? *Baking releases more vapor molecules.* Baking generally uses more spices. Because liquids have no odor. Ovens carry smell farther.

*Baking releases more vapor molecules.*

Why is the density of a material the same no matter what the size of the material? Density is constant with mass, not size. Because as the volume of a material gets bigger so does its mass. Gravity keeps the density in balance. *Because as the mass of a material gets bigger so does the volume it occupies.*

*Because as the mass of a material gets bigger so does the volume it occupies.*

It takes heat to cause water to evaporate from your skin. Where might this heat come from? Your heart. *Body heat.* Muscles. Physical activity.

*Body heat.*

Absolute zero can be infered from Boyles Law Avogadros Law *Charles Law* None of these

*Charles Law*

According to this video lesson, what goes on in the grand exhibition hall? *Companies exhibit their latest products to prospective clients.* Formal presentations of chemistry research. Dinner receptions followed by entertainment. Poster sessions.

*Companies exhibit their latest products to prospective clients.*

In which phase do the submicroscopic particles come in contact with one another the least? Solid Liquid *Gaseous* Plasma

*Gaseous*

Which phase occupies the greatest volume? Solid Liquid *Gaseous* Plasma

*Gaseous*

What determines the direction of heat flow? Air currents. Density of the material carrying the heat. *Heat always flows from a higher to lower temperature materials.* Heat always flows from a lower to higher temperature materials.

*Heat always flows from a higher to lower temperature materials.*

What is the difference between a hot and cold cup of coffee? A hot cup of coffee is delicious because of minimal surface tension. The cold cup of coffee is dispersing more kinetic energy. *In the hot cup of coffee, the atoms and molecules are moving faster.* The hot cup of coffee is dispersing more kinetic energy.

*In the hot cup of coffee, the atoms and molecules are moving faster.*

What happens to the average kinetic energy of the molecules in your finger as you touch warm stove? It decreases. It is transferred to the stove. *It increases.* Answers A and B.

*It increases.*

Why is it important that you explore the HandsOn Chemistry activities presented in the textbook? To impress friends and peers. *It takes direct experience to become an expert at something.* Because they cover exam material. All of the above.

*It takes direct experience to become an expert at something.*

What happens to the chemical potential energy of a combustible material after it burns? The total mass decreases. The color of the material changes. *It transforms into heat.* It gains thermal energy.

*It transforms into heat.*

In what month was this video filmed? January March *July* June

*July*

What did Kroto, Smalley, and Curl use to heat carbon to starhot temperatures? *Laser light* Mass spectrometer Infrared radiation Gamma radiation

*Laser light*

What does Maile hear? The ocean. The sound of the ocean. The speakers on your computer. *Maile isn't really there right now.*

*Maile isn't really there right now.*

Who had the correct prediction, Kai or Maile? Kai. *Maile.* Both. Neither

*Maile.*

What is the usual first step in conducting scientific research? *Making observations* Asking a broad question Performing an experiment Learning what is known

*Making observations*

What is an example of a flawed procedure? *Measuring one's weight on a broken scale* A procedure that gives a result that is not reproducible Making a discovery without documenting the results The detection of helium in the sun

*Measuring one's weight on a broken scale*

What two liquids are commonly used to make a thermometer? *Mercury and colored alcohol.* Lead and colored alcohol. Aluminum and mercury. Lead and mercury.

*Mercury and colored alcohol.*

If Maile had removed ALL the pennies from the film case before putting it back in the water, who would have been right, Kai or Maile? For what reason? Kai. The entire volume of the canister is submerged. Maile. The water level would rise up to the original height. Both. If all the pennies were taken out, then the canister would sink. *Neither. If all the pennies were taken out, then the canister would be floating.*

*Neither. If all the pennies were taken out, then the canister would be floating.*

If left longer, would the jar fill up with more water? Why or why not? Yes, there's plenty of room left. No, it_s full of air. Yes, the water is drawn up the sides of the glass. *No, all the oxygen within the jar has been consumed.*

*No, all the oxygen within the jar has been consumed.*

Is our use of chemistry necessarily bad for the environment? Yes, chemistry is what drives harmful industry. No, chemistry is separate from the environment. *No, what we do with chemistry is up to us.* Yes, chemicals are bad for the environment.

*No, what we do with chemistry is up to us.*

How many nanometers are in one millimeter? One thousand. *One million.* One billion. One billionth.

*One million.*

Why does the Fahrenheit scale have 212 degrees as the boiling point of water? Because it is flawed. *Originally, 100 degree Fahrenheit was the temperature of the human body and water boils 112 degree hotter.* J.D. Fahrenheit based his scale around water boiling at 200 degrees. Refinements in the scale changed it to 212� None of the above.

*Originally, 100 degree Fahrenheit was the temperature of the human body and water boils 112 degree hotter.*

A freezer takes heat away from water causing it to freeze into ice. Where does this heat go? Out the doors when they are open. The heat is used to regulate the refrigerator_s temperature. It is used as a power source. *Out the back side of the freezer.*

*Out the back side of the freezer.*

Why did Maile move her hands as she was trying to determine which penny on her fingers was heavier? *She was noting the differences in inertia.* She was asking Kai a question. She was noting differences in texture. She was moving the penny to a scale.

*She was noting the differences in inertia.*

What is dry ice made of? Oxygen and nitrates. *Solidified carbon dioxide.* Frozen heavy water. Artificially frozen oxygen.

*Solidified carbon dioxide.*

Should you add heat or take heat away in order to cause a material to freeze? Add heat. *Take heat away.* Neither, freezing occurs at a chemical level. Put the material next to something relatively warm.

*Take heat away.*

What principle is a typical thermometer based upon? The principle of thermodynamics. That a liquid becomes more massive as it is heated to higher temperatures. *That a liquid expands as it is heated to higher temperatures.* That heat can easily travel through a glass thermometer.

*That a liquid expands as it is heated to higher temperatures.*

What happens to the density of the fluid within a thermometer as the thermometer registers a higher temperature? The density increases. *The density decreases.* The density increases because the mass increases. The density decreases because the mass decreases.

*The density decreases.*

What happens to the kinetic energy of a rock as it falls off of a cliff? Kinetic energy is dispersed as the rock falls. *The kinetic energy increases as it arises from potential energy.* Nothing happens until the rock hits the ground. It kinetic energy decreases with increased velocity.

*The kinetic energy increases as it arises from potential energy.*

What do all conversion factors have in common? The numerator and the denominator have different values expressed in the same units. Absolutely nothing, conversion factors are based on unique equations. *The numerator and the denominator have the same value expressed in different units.* The sum is always equal to the total value of the denominator.

*The numerator and the denominator have the same value expressed in different units.*

What happens to the potential energy of a rock as it falls off of a cliff? *The potential energy decreases as it is converted into kinetic energy.* Its potential energy increases based on mass and weight. The potential energy decreases as it is converted into thermal energy. Friction converts potential energy to thermal and kinetic energy.

*The potential energy decreases as it is converted into kinetic energy.*

Which weighs less: a sealed balloon containing solid dry ice or the same balloon after the dry ice has turned into a gas? *The sealed balloon containing dry ice that has turned into a gas.* The sealed balloon containing solid dry ice. They weigh the same. Neither have a notable weight variation.

*The sealed balloon containing dry ice that has turned into a gas.*

What is the definition of chemistry? The study of chemicals, which are compounds made of atoms and molecules The branch of science arising from the study of the physics of the atom The applied science of matter and energy *The study of matter and the transformations it can undergo*

*The study of matter and the transformations it can undergo*

Which has more energy: a swimming pool of water at 100 degrees Celsius or a cup of water also at 100 degrees Celsius? *The swimming pool.* The cup of water. They have an equal amount of energy. None of the above.

*The swimming pool.*

What do all conversion factors have in common? Each conversion factor is different, so they have nothing in common. They all have units of mass, volume, length, and weight. They are universal constants. *The value of the numerator is equal to the value of the denominator.*

*The value of the numerator is equal to the value of the denominator.*

Why does warm cream have a greater odor than ice cream? Our noses are more sensitive at warmer temperatures. *There are more molecules vaporizing.* It is a cultural response to a food source. Because we all scream for ice cream.

*There are more molecules vaporizing.*

Which is hotter: 273 Kelvin or 0 degrees Celsius? 0 degrees Celsius. Kelvin measures mass and celsius measures temperature. *They are the same temperature.* 273 Kelvin.

*They are the same temperature.*

Why do you need to place the opening of the jar in a container of water? To create a stable chamber. *To create a sealed chamber.* So the gases can move freely. So the solids can move freely.

*To create a sealed chamber.*

Why does Jim Reeves goes to these meetings? *To share and learn the latest ideas with the "movers and shakers" of his field.* For publicity. Jim is the event organizer. To support his wife, who is also a chemist.

*To share and learn the latest ideas with the "movers and shakers" of his field.*

Which pillar of meaning had a snippet of music within this video? A sense of belonging Core project Personal storyline *Transcendence*

*Transcendence*

Do we smell liquids? Yes, we can smell the ocean. Only if they go up our nose. Liquids are odorless. *We only smell the vapors they release.*

*We only smell the vapors they release.*

Why is the concept of weight more complicated than is the concept of mass? Mass changes based on gravitational force, weight is constant. There are many different systems to measure weight. *Weight changes based on gravitational force, mass is constant.* Weight is used in everyday life.

*Weight changes based on gravitational force, mass is constant.*

When does a hypothesis become a scientific hypothesis? When there is a close agreement made by competent observers *When it can be tested through experiments* After the hypothesis has been established as a scientific law After the hypothesis has been established as a scientific theory

*When it can be tested through experiments*

When does the body of water in this video labeled as "warm" actually feel hot? *When the hand that was in the cold water was dipped into it.* When it turns into water vapor. During consumption. When the thermometer that was in the cold water was dipped into it.

*When the hand that was in the cold water was dipped into it.*

When does the body of water in this video labeled as "warm" actually feel cool? When the thermometer was removed. As its evaporating. *When the hand that was in the hot water was dipped into it.* When it is mixed with the other liquid.

*When the hand that was in the hot water was dipped into it.*

Kai says, "What you're doing is you're measuring inertiawhat it takes to lift that penny." Why would it have been better of him to have said "...what it takes to MOVE that penny"? *When you lift the penny you are fighting against the penny's inertia and weight.* Inertia and gravitational forces act independently. Moving a penny sideways is easier to measure. It would not have been better to say _move_ instead of _lift_

*When you lift the penny you are fighting against the penny's inertia and weight.*

When did modern science begin? *With Galileo's falling rock experiments in Pisa, Italy* Upon the discovery of the wheel of inquiry When people first became skeptical of their observations and explanations With the greatly respected Greek philosopher Aristotle

*With Galileo's falling rock experiments in Pisa, Italy*

What metal is used to fill the inside of pennies manufactured after 1982? Aluminum. Copper. Iron *Zinc*

*Zinc*

Within the ideal gas law, the letter R stands for pressure. *a constant.* the number of particles. frequency.

*a constant.*

In this video, it is pointed out that needed fertilizer can be made from bone meal. *air.* ocean water. photosynthesis.

*air.*

Chemistry is the study of the world of energy and light. *atoms and molecules.* living organisms. stars and galaxies.

*atoms and molecules.*

The gas produced from the reaction of baking soda and vinegar is nitrogen. *carbon dioxide.* oxygen. hydrogen.

*carbon dioxide.*

Not so many mathematical problems are provided in Conceptual Chemistry because math is separate from chemistry. *chemistry concepts can be nicely described using words.* mathematics is not required to understand the elegance of the universe. chemistry is more complicated than math.

*chemistry concepts can be nicely described using words.*

For a scientist with a Ph.D. , the letters Ph.D. stand for piled higher and deeper. physical doctorate. *doctor of philosophy.* non-medical doctor.

*doctor of philosophy.*

Any scientific claim must be supported by the community of scientists. a scientific theory. *experimental results.* money.

*experimental results.*

[Dry wood burns] is an example of a scientific *fact.* hypothesis. law. theory.

*fact.*

This video lesson encourages us to study chemistry because it is extremely profitable. *has a huge impact on our lives.* helps us understand the past. helps us prepare for the future.

*has a huge impact on our lives.*

[Local temperatures are a bit warmer this year because of the El Nino conditions occurring the Eastern Pacific Ocean] is an example of a scientific fact. *hypothesis.* law. theory.

*hypothesis.*

According to this video, a good way to learn chemistry is to memorize everything. discover the laws of chemistry on your own. *immerse yourself in its wonders.* forget about it. Chemistry is way too difficult.

*immerse yourself in its wonders.*

Within a conversion factor, the unit you want to get rid of goes in the numerator. *in the denominator.* outside of the parentheses. in as a fraction.

*in the denominator.*

According to this video, all evidence is subject to a time limitation. experience. re-examination. *interpretation*

*interpretation*

[Mass is conserved in a chemical reaction] is an example of a scientific fact. hypothesis. *law.* theory.

*law.*

In general, a virus is about the same size as a bacterium. *much smaller than a bacterium.* much larger than a bacterium. about the size of a hydrogen atom.

*much smaller than a bacterium.*

A society that accepts no risks receives a safer environment the appreciation of future generations *no benefits* none of chemistry's innovative technologies

*no benefits*

According to this video, science has a focus on feelings. *reasoning.* attention. discovery.

*reasoning.*

According to this video, any observation must be measureable as well as reversible. natural. *reproducible.* meaningful.

*reproducible.*

Technology is the practical application of art. trademarks. *science.* government.

*science.*

This activity works best performed in a fish bowl. *sink.* measuring cup. refrigerator.

*sink.*

Charles Law describes the relationship between volume and number of particles. *volume and temperature.* volume and pressure. two ideal gases.

*volume and temperature.*