Conceptual Physical Science

A 10-kg block is pushed across a horizontal surface with a horizontal force of 20 N against a friction force of 10 N. The acceleration of the block is

1 m/s^2

A magnet will become weaker if it is

1) held in a hot flame 2) dropped on a hard surface

Without air resistance, a projectile fired horizontally at 8 km/s from a mountaintop will

1) trace a curve that matches the earths curvature 2) accelerate downward at g as it moves horizontally 3) return to its starting position and repeat falling behavior

The current in a 120-W bulb connected to a 100-V source is

1.2 A

A 1056-Hz tuning fork is sounded when a piano note of higher pitch is struck. You hear three beats per second. What is the frequency of the piano string?

1059

The amount of energy given to each coulomb of charge flowing through a 12-V battery is

12 J

If a power plant is 30% efficient, and the transmission system that delivers power to consumers is 60% efficient, then the overall efficiency is

18%

A length of wire has resistance R. The same wire twice as long has resistance

2R

Increasing the temperature of 50 grams of water by 1°C requires

50 calories

An ideal Polaroid will transmit 50% of nonpolarized incident light. How much light is transmitted by two ideal Polaroids oriented with their axes parallel to each other?

50%

In raising a 5000-N piano with a pulley system, for every 1 m of rope pulled down, the piano rises 0.1 m. Ideally, this means the force needed to lift the piano is

500 N

A stone is thrown horizontally from the top of a cliff. One second after leaving your hand it drops a vertical distance of

5m

A floating leaf oscillates up and down four complete cycles two-thirds of a second as a water wave passes by. What is the wave's frequency?

6 Hz

Ninety-five percent of light incident on a mirror is reflected. How much light is reflected from seven mirrors in succession?

69.8%

The temperature of water rises when 2.00 calories are added. It will rise the same when

8.38 J are added

Ninety percent of light incident on a certain piece of glass passes through it. How much light passes through two pieces of this glass?

81%

When ice changes phase to become water, energy is

Absorbed

The flight of a blimp best illustrates

Archimedes Principle

A nutritionist in the United States measures the food energy in units of

Calories

When the alignment of the Sun, the Moon, and Earth produce a lunar eclipse, the body that is in between the other two is the

Earth

On which body (other than Earth) is life in our solar system most likely to be found?

Europa

The usefulness of a bimetallic strip is due to differences in

Expansion of metals

The process of convection occurs in

Fluids

When you touch a piece of ice with your finger, energy flows

From your finger to the ice

As a ball falls, the action force is the pull of Earth's mass on the ball. The reaction force is the

Pull of the ball's mass on the earth

A length of wire has resistance R. Two of these same-length wires braided together have a resistance

R/2

The ultimate source of energy from fossil fuels is the

Sun

The reason that the Moon takes on a crescent shape each month has to do with the

Sun's position

Which explanation best describes why Earth observers always see the same face of the moon?

The Moon's rate of spin matches the rate at which the Moon revolves around Earth.

Which emits the highest frequency of radiation?

The sun (out of blue hot star, red hot star)

The planet with a mass most like Earth's is

Venus

A whitish sky is evidence that the atmosphere contains

a mixture of particle sizes

The gush of steam that issues from the escape valve of a pressure cooker is relatively cool

above the opening where expansion is prominent

Moving electric charges will interact with

an electric field and a magnetic field

If you were caught in freezing weather with only a candle for warmth, you would be warmer in

an igloo

The Moon falls toward Earth in the sense that it falls

beneath the straight line path it would follow without gravity

Heat energy is measured in units of

both joules and calories

Thermal energy can be measured in

calories, joules, Calories

When work is done by a system and no heat is added, the temperature of the system

decreases

The electric current in a copper wire is normally composed of

electrons

If the temperature of a sample of 4°C water slightly decreases, the sample of water

expands

A spinning cloud of interstellar gas tends to

flatten

The reason a 10-kg rock falls no faster than a 5-kg rock in free fall is that the

force/mass ratio is the same for both

The moderate temperatures of islands throughout the world has mainly to do with water's

high specific heat capacity

Glass in a florist's greenhouse blocks radiation of

low frequency

In a museum collection you can likely see a

meteorite but not meteoroid

A heavy truck and a small truck roll down a hill. Neglecting friction, at the bottom of the hill the heavy truck has greater

momentum

If the running speed of Fast Freda doubles, what also doubles is her

momentum

A freely falling object has a downward speed of 40 m/s at one instant. Exactly 1 s later its speed will be

more than 45 m/s

Tangential velocity is velocity

parallel to the surface of the earth

Light will not pass through a pair of Polaroids when their axes are

perpendicular

When the distance between two charges is halved, the electric force between the charges

quadruples

When a pulse of white light is incident on a piece of glass, the first color to emerge is

red

Rainbows exist because light is

reflected and refracted

The explanation for all types of refraction involves a change in

speed

Light is incident upon a pane of window glass at a particular angle. The angle of emerging light is

the same

Two lamps, one with a thick filament and one with a thin filament, are connected in series. The current is greater in the lamp with the

the same for thick filament and thin filament

Consider two planets in space that gravitationally attract each other. If the mass of both planets is doubled, and the distance between them is also doubled, then the force between them is

the same, relationship is the same

If the same quantity of heat is added to both a 1-liter and a 2-liter container of water, the temperature change of water in the 1-liter container will be

twice

The polarization axes of ordinary sunglasses are

vertical

When white light goes from air into water, the color that refracts the most is

violet