Connect Quiz 20- Vessels

Label the components of the baroreceptor reflex (top to bottom)

1. Vasomotor center 2. Cardiac Center 3. Baroreceptor 4. Chemoreceptor 5. Vagus nerve 6. SA node 7. AV node

Correctly label the following anatomical features of capillary fluid exchange

1. filtration pores 2. transcytosis 3. diffusion through endothelial cells 3. intercellular clefts

Case Study 1.1: An embolus is a space occupying entity moving in the flow of blood which can be composed of:

All listed choices

WRONG Fill in the blanks with the terms provided

1. The volume of blood that leaves the CAPILLARY must be close to the volume that returns 2. Blood PRESSURE comes from the volume of blood and the contractions of the ventricles and is known as ARTERIOLES 3. This pressure forces fluid out of the capillaries especially at the VENULAR end. In the capillaries very large molecules, which are not lipid soluble, remain. An example of these would be PLASMA PROTEINS 4. These molecules are responsible for the COLLOIDAL OSMOTIC PRESSURE , which draws water into the capillaries to help return fluids at the ARTERIOLAR end of the capillary.

Select all that are true. During filtration, fluid is moved

1. Through intercellular clefts. 2. Through fenestrations. 3. Along with its solutes.

Select all that are functions of the hepatic portal system

Allow the liver to process nutrients from the digestive organs Allow the liver to detoxify harmful substances that may have been absorbed Allow the liver to recycle substances from the spleen

Match the mechanism of arterial blood pressure regulation with the correct category:

1. Adrenal medullary mechanism: Short-term regulation 2. CNS ischemic response: Short-term regulation 3. Vasopressin mechanism: Long-term regulation 4. Baroreceptor reflexes: Short-term regulation 5. Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone mechanism: Long-term regulation 6. Atrial natriuretic mechanism: Long-term regulation 7. Chemoreceptors reflexes: Short-term regulation

Place a single word into each sentence to make it correct.

1. Blood flow REDIRECTS according to metabolic needs 2. After a meal the INTESTINES receive priority and the skeletal muscles receive very little flow 3. During exercise the skeletal muscles receive MORE blood flow 4. Most of the redirection will occur in the ARTERIOLES

Place a single word into each sentence to make it correct, then place each sentence into a logical paragraph order.

1. Capillary beds have precapillary SPHINCTERS at the junction of capillaries and the metarteriole 2. Constriction of these sphincters REDUCES the blood flow through their respective capillaries 3. When this occurs, blood is DIVERTED to tissue or organs elsewhere 4. When the sphincters are open, blood will FILL the capillary bed

Correctly label the following anatomical features of a hepatic sinusoid (Top to bottom)

1. Endothelial cells 2. Erythrocytes 3. Liver cell 4. Microvilli 5. Sinusoid

Which of the following would cause temporary increase in arterial blood pressure (Check all that apply)

1. Increased blood volume 2. Increased cardiac output 3. Vasoconstriction

During periods of exercise (Check all that apply)

1. The sympathetic nervous system can selectively reduce blood flow to the kidneys and digestive tract. 2. The sympathetic nervous system can increase perfusion of the skeletal muscles. 3. Metabolite accumulation in a tissue can stimulate local vasodilation.

WRONG Rank in order the events involved in the production of angiotensin II

3. Angiotensinogen is converted to angiotensin I 1. Kidneys detect low blood pressure 4. Angiotensin II is formed after contact with angiotensin-converting enzyme 2. Renin is released from the kidney

Case Study 1.2: The term "thromboembolus" refers to:

A thrombus that has broken free and is now moving along in the flow of blood

Select all the hormones that affect blood pressure.

Angiotensin II Aldosterone Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

WRONG Fill in the blanks with the terms provided.

Blood delivers at the ARTERIOLAR end of the capillary bed and picks up at the VENULAR. This is because the pressure in and out are close to balancing. If hydrostatic pressure is 35 mmHg at the arteriolar end and the colloidal osmotic pressure is 24 mmHg This means more pressure forcing fluid out of the capillary. At the venular end the hydrostatic pressure is 16 mmHg and the colloidal pressure is still the same, so fluid returns to the capillary

Put the factors that regulate blood pressure in the correct location based on the hints provided.

Cardiac output increases 1. Blood pressure rises baroreceptors in aortic arch and carotid sinuses are stimulated 2. Sensory impulses to cardiac center 3. Parasympathetic impulses to heart 4. SA node inhibited 5. Heart rate decreases blood pressure returns toward normal

Case Study 3.2: A common site for the initiation of thrombus formation is:

Just behind the valve cusps of the leg vein

Case Study 2.1: Factors that can contribute to thrombus development include all of the following except:

Physical activity

Case Study 2.2: The term for a pathological blood clot that forms in the intact vascular system is:

Thrombus

Cardiac output equals _____ blood flow

Total

True or False: If given the choice between traveling through a vessel with high resistance and one of low resistance, blood will travel through the vessel of most resistance

True

Place a single word into each sentence to make it correct.

Typically fluid filters OUT the arterial end of a capillary. Fluid will then osmotically reenter at the VENOUS end. This fluid delivers materials to the cells and removes its WASTE This shift in fluid balance at the arterial end is referred to as HYDROSTATIC pressure This is the physical force exerted by a LIQUID against a surface like a capillary

Check all that could potentially result in an increased arterial blood pressure

Vasoconstriction of arterioles Increase in cardiac rate Increase in stroke volume

Case Study 3.1: A person becomes sick when an embolus lodges in a major pulmonary vessel because:

the lodged embolus blocks the flow of blood into a portion of the lung and thereby effectively removes that segment of the lung from participating in gas exchange.

When arterial outflow becomes greater than inflow

Arterial pressure decreases

Eventually, after the arteriole outflow has remained at an increased level

Arterial pressure reaches a steady state.

The blood's resistance to flow is influenced largely by the ___ of the total blood volume composed of red blood cells

Hematocrit

Select the correct word from the list to complete each sentence regarding the relationship between blood flow, vessel radius, and resistance.

The SMALLER the radius of a vessel, the greater the resistance. As the radius of a vessel increases, the resistance DECREASES As the resistance decreases, the blood flow INCREASES The LARGER the radius of a vessel, the less the resistance. Blood flow to an organ will decrease with VASOCONSTRICTION Blood flow to an organ will increase with VASODILATION