Consciousness

During a normal night's sleep, a person typically experiences about ___ of NREM and REM sleep.

5 Cycles

On the average, each complete cycle through the stages of NREM sleep and REM sleep lasts about:

90 minutes

After turning out the light for the night, your head hits teh pillow. Gradually, your muscles relax and drowsiness occurs. This drowsy yet wakeful state is associated with ___ brain waves.

Alpha Waves

STAGE 1

Alpha Waves

BETA WAVES

Awake & Alert (FAST)

Adaptive Sleep Theory

Unique sleep patterns of different animals Evolved over time

During stage 4 NREM:

a. the sleeper's heart rate, blood pressure, and breathing rate drop to their lowest levels.

Sleep apnea

breathing stops while asleep mostly over weight middle aged men

STAGE 4

DELTA WAVES

REM Sleep

Delta Waves

NREM SLEEP

ESSENTIAL! Paralyzation Enuresis

Restorative Sleep Theory

Essential to normal physical and mental functioning Keeps brain active creates story

FREUDS THEORY OF DREAMS (2)

Manifest content: Dream images Latent content: disguised psychological meaning

STAGE 1

NREM Lasts a few minutes Hypnagogic Hallucinations/ Myclonic Jerks Sleep starts

Ultradian Rythms

Occurs 1x+ a day Sleep cycle

2 THEORIES OF HYPNOSIS Social Influences Divided Consciousness

Peer Pressure/ Suggestion Our consciousness splits so that one aspect is not aware of the others played

For several nights in a row, a sleep researcher wakes you up whenever you show signs of entering REM sleep. On the first night that you are allowed to sleep uninterrupted, you will most likely experience:

REM rebound

STAGE 2

Sleep Spindles 15-20 Mins (theta to delta) Brain activity decreases

Which stage of sleep is the first TRUE sleep?

Stage 2

Carlotta is a research assistant in the college sleep lab. As she monitored the EEG recording of a sleeping subject in the lab, she noted the presence of theta brain waves and sleep spindles. Carlotta concludes that the subject is in:

Stage 2: NREM

night terrors/ incubus attacks

Stage 3&4 Horrible Dreams

As you are being monitored by sleep researchers, almost all of your brain activity comprises delta brain waves. This is a clear sign that you are in:

Stage 4: NREM

Minnie goes to bed at 10 p.m. and quickly falls asleep. He sleeps soundly until 6 a.m. the next morning. During the first four hours of sleep, Paul will most likely experience:

Stages 3 and 4 of NREM sleep

STAGE 2

THETA WAVES

Stage 4:

Theta Waves

SLEEPING DISORDERS

Yep

As you are reading this question, you ae awake and alert. This means that your brain is generating ___ brain waves.

beta

Narcolepsy

excessive daytime sleepiness chronic lifelong condition- genetic brief lapses of sleep Instant REM- sleep paralysis

REM is an acronym that stands for:

rapid eye movements

Shortly after going to bed and as you are falling asleep, you experience the vividly realistic sensation that you are falling or tripping forward, which jolts you awake. This vivid sensation is a common example of:

a hypnagogic hallucination.

Awake & Relaxed:

Alpha Waves

Subconscious

Consciousness just below our present awareness

Levels of Consciousness Order

Consciousness, Subconsciousness, Unconscious

STAGE 3&4

Delta Waves Heart Rate, Blood Pressure decrease Noises up to 90 Decibles Sleep Walking

REM SLEEP

Dreams last 5-40 mins Sleep Walking Night terrors Bruxism

Biological Rhythms: Circadian

Every 24 hrs Regulated by sunlight Sleep Awake Cycle Melatonin Suprachiasmatic Neclues (master biological clock) Free Running CYcle

Consciousness

Immediate awareness of thoughts, sensations, and memories of the world around you

Insomnia

Inability to fall asleep Caused by stress

Sleepwalking typically occurs during:

Stages 3 &4

Hypnosis

State of relaxation in which focused on certain objects, actions, or feelings

Infradian Rhythms

Takes place once a month or season Hibernation or menstral cycle

Dual Processing

The principle that info is often processed on separate conscious and unconscious tracks at the same time

Unconscious

Thoughts or desires about which we have no direct knowlege

Nightmare

likely to occur if missed REM sleep

Campared to her 40 year old father, 5 year old Niva:

spends more time in deep sleep and REM sleep.

As you are lying in bed, your mind begins to drift and you become increasingly drowsy. During this short, transitional stage of sleep you disengage from teh routine sounds in your environment. This sleep stage is called:

stage 1 NREM