Contemporary Issues In Sport Final

Sport Business Journal estimates that total spending across the entire sports industry amounted to approximately ______ in 2006

$214 billion

While the Rose Bowl game began in 1902, several other traditional big bowl games (including the Sugar, Orange and Cotton Bowls) began in what decade as a way to draw holiday visitors to warmer southern climates?

1930's

Title IX was included in the amendments to the Higher Education Act in what year?

1972

NCAA began championships for women in what year?

1981

The women's world cup III final in The Rose Bowl featured a US penalty-kick victory over China. What was the attendance in Pasadena?

92,000

Under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, it is not illegal to discriminate based on religion, gender, or national origin if the classification is

A bona fide occupational qualification

The earliest evolutionary change in sports broadcasting from factual reporting to sports entertainment was seen within:

ABC's Monday Night Football broadcast

The larget pre-NCAA sponsor of women's intercollegiate athletics was

AIAW

Before a sport manager is liable for negligence, the plaintiff must show that the sport manager owed the plaintiff a duty of care. A legal duty of care arises from which of the following origins:

All of the above

Enforcement of the Title IX in the realm of competitive athletics (in both college and high school) focuses on equity in:

All of these

The U.S. Supreme Court case PGA Tour Inc. v. Casey Martin (2001) involved a challenge to PGA Tour rules under what statute?

Americans with Disabilities Act

Which best describes the athletic director profession at the Division III level:

An ability to wear many hats as they may be asked to perform many administrative duties

Winning 72 events and 10 majors between 1991 and 2008, who do some believe to be the greatest women's golfer of all time?

Annika Sorenstam

_________ is/are anything that an organization owns that can be used to generate future revenues

Assets

Self-proclaimed chauvinist Bobby Riggs defeated Margaret Court in an exhibition match to set up a much larger payday against this player in the 1973 "battle of the sexes" in the Houston Astrodome

Billie Jean King

Two dynasties existed in basketball in the Sixties. This was the pro-level dynasty with 11 titles in 13 years between 1957-1969.

Celtics coached by Red Auerbach

________________ are almost always publicly owned facilities built to lure business meetings to a municipality.

Convention centers

Which Catholic school rose to basketball prominence in the 1980s with an African-American coach and several inner-city players, but played a tenacious style of defense and team play as opposed to the "playground" style of basketball mentioned by Mandelbaum?

Georgetown

Although the NFL bans public ownership, it has made an exception for what team?

Green bay Packers

The oldest rivalry in college began in 1875. What two schools are involved?

Harvard; Yale

______ is defined in this course as a management theory focusing on the behavior and motivations of people in the workplace

Human relations movement

The administration of school and youth sports, in particular the final authority in determining athletic eligibility, is primarily performed by:

Local and state governing bodies/athletic associations

This hard-hitting left-handed player stepped into the limelight for tennis as Bille Jean King's career began to fade, setting new standards for the training and physical fitness of women's tennis players

Martina Navratilova

The recruiting of top women's basketball talent between Tennessee and UConn was fierce in the 90s and 2000s. For which player did a trip to ESPN during an official visit become a "secondary violation" for UConn?

Maya Moore

The Nike-Signed athlete was involved in the "anything you can do, I can do better" sports with michael jordan

Mia Hamm

This longtime head coach of the women's basketball team at Tennessee turned down three offers to take over the men's program at the university

Pat Summit

This coach - unique in that he played a defining role in high school, college and professional football - is the man Mandelbaum wrote "did the most to define the duties of the modern football coach"

Paul Brown

The first company to capitalize on the term official with regard to a professional sport product was:

Spalding

The final authority in determining athlete eligibility in high school sports is/are:

State athletic associations

_________________ are public assembly facilities primarily utilized for the presentation of live artistic entertainment.

Theatres

Although now embroiled in labor issues, this team victory in 1999 highlighted a groundswell of female participation in this sport

US Women's soccer team

All of the following are examples of publicly traded sport companies EXCEPT:

University of Notre Dame athletic department

Billie Jean King went on to co-found this league, where she was the first women to serve as a commissioner in an american sport

WTT

Springfield College in Massachusetts was a training college for what British-founded worldwide organization at the time Dr. James Naismith invented the game of basketball.

YMCA

Which of the following is not a defense available to an employer to justify a disparity in pay?

a difference in gender

Vicarious Liability is:

a tort that allows a plaintiff to sue a superior for the negligent acts of a subordinate

Nealon & Searls Giroux call this "in shortage" and "theory's opposite"

actions

All of the following are examples of a demographic trait or characteristic except:

activities

All of the following are examples of a demographic trait or characteristics except:

activities

The purposes of sport marketing research include all of the following except:

allowing fans direct input into team personnel decisions

What area of law has left an indelible mark on the structure and nature of labor relations in professional sport leagues

antitrust law

__________ are indoor facilities with the primary purpose of hosting sporting and entertainment events

arenas

Although Mandelbaum claims it may have been in the weakest relative position of the three major sports at the turn of the century, what sport draws the most people in total attendance in the top level of professional leagues?

baseball

The tension between a team-based game and individual star-making is most felt in which sport, according to Mandelbaum.

basketball

Bill Veeck believed and operated under the philosophy that fans came to the ballpark to:

be entertained

Which of these is not an argument Mandelbaum made for basketball having a global breadth that neither American football nor baseball enjoy.

best professional leagues are in the US

This term applies to "the list of accepted 'great' works that are deemed worthy of continued scholarly attention

canonicity

In the Gang of Four song "why theory", "what we thing" does what

changes how we act

Innovation in football by formation has made this role more central in football than any other team sport popular in America

coach

According to kotler, the marketer's job boils down to one action

creating demand

Which of these is not a reason for increased revenue in spectator sports

decreased regulation on ticket scalping

The underrepresentation of women, minorities, and people with disabilities in the sport industry is an important issue for sport managers who value ________ in the workplace

diversity

The first intercollegiate athletic contest was held in what time period"

during the mid-1800s

Which of these was not included in the 2012 International Olympic committee statement of the major tenets of good governance in sport?

equality

Basketball players and post-industrial workers share this trait in their roles - especially opposed to football players and industrial workers.

flexibility

Octagon represents athletes such as Davis Love III (golf), runs events such as the Gravity Games, and consults with corporations on their sport sponsorship involvement among other activities. As such, Octagon is known as:

full-service agency

Nealon & Searls Giroux argue that although fairly arbitrary - the relation between the word an its meaning is __________ or ____________.

historical; social

Which of these tactics in football is not directly from military tactics?

huddling

Which financial statement measures the financial performance of an organization over a specified time period, usually a year

income statement

According to Stotlar and Cooper (20015), the number of sport facilities constructed or renovated in the last 10 to 15 years has:

increased drastically

The 'theory' in which your authors are interested does what?

intervenes in otherwise inaccessible debates

What element of the sport of basketball does Mandelbaum argue limits the role of the coach in basketball as opposed to football?

it is a continuous game

Every sport manager needs to understand the basics of being a(n) ____ in the 21st century

manager

Current management theory stresses the concepts of employee involvement, employee empowerment, and _____

managers' concern with the human component of employees

The controllable variables the company puts together to satisfy a target group are referred to as the

marketing mix

Which of the following is not entirely in the control of the author

meaning

This term describes an instance where one material signifier is substituted for another material signifier

metonymy

Modern arenas and stadiums have directly helped owners to maximize revenues through all of the following except:

modernized locker rooms

Lucas Oil Stadium in Indianapolis, IN can best be described as what type of facility

multipurpose

the manage determines what types of jobs need to be performed and who will be responsible for doing these jobs during the _______ function

organizing

Keeping the financial scope of the psort industry in mind, it is important to note that sport managers need to be able to organize and work with __________ the most important asset in the organization

people

_______ is a continuous process that involves establishing organizational mission statements, goals, objectives, tactics, roles and evaluation

planning

This term describes a set of rules, ideas or plans agreed upon by management or a governing body of a sport organization.

policy

Sports marketing includes the marketing of: _______,_________, and __________.

products services and entities

Behaviors and preferences like an individual's beliefs, opinion, lifestyles, and habits are considered by marketers to be:

psycho graphic characteristics

Behaviors and preferences like individual's beliefs, opinion, lifestyles, and habits are considered by marketers to be:

psycho-graphic characteristics

_______has the aim of building mutually satisfying long-term relations with key parties - customers, suppliers, distributors - in order to earn and retain their business

relationship marketing

As chronicled in the book Moneyball, the strategy employed by the small-market Oakland A's general manager Billy Beane to better compete with large-market teams by identifying and acquiring undervalued players is an example of a organization maximizing its _____

return on investment

All of the following are examples of "financial" mechanisms for altering competitive balance EXCEPT:

reverse-order draft

What "parent-game" of football was directly used by English prep schools for war training?

rugby

In professional sports, the commissioner has discretionary power in all the following areas except:

rule making

Two of the earlier phases used in the development of management theory are

scientific management and human relations movement

Identifying subgroups of the overall marketplace based on factors such as age or income level is considered:

segmentation

Without considering reflexive or critical questions of theory, your authors argue, that "each day seems like a natural fact". This creates a situation where everything is then ____________.

self evident

"All meaning is contextual because language is a _____ rather than a natural phenomena"

social

According to Sutton (2012), as consumer-based industry sports organizations can follow the lead of companies like Orbitz and Southwest and us ______ to find out complaints about their offerings and shorten the time it takes to solve those issues.

social media

________ are outdoor or domed facilities built with the intention of housing sporting and entertainment events

stadiums

What is the term for the author-centered popular theory of constitutional law in the US that holds judges should adhere to the intention of the framers of the constitution

strict constructionism

The initial collegiate athletic contests were:

student-run events

Theory rule #1 for Nealon & Searls Giroux is "Everything is_____"

suspect

Letterman jackets and war medals are both _______ according to Mandelbaum.

symbolic rewards

Football being the first team sport to adopt instant replay is an argument for the positive role of this in the sport

technical innovation

What sport features even prize money in the majors for men and women?

tennis

Mandelbaum compares college football "lodged anomalously in an institution concerns with very different things" with what part of the human body?

the appendix

What effect on authorship was brought on by the scientific method

the author no longer functioned as a guarantee of truthfulness in scientific texts

What football strategy takes its name from the German tactic in World War II that translates to "lightning war"

the blitz

Mandelbaum considers this element - absent from baseball - a participant in football

the clock

An example of a collective bargaining agreement is

the contract between the players and the owners in professional sport

Active interpretation describes a system where:

the reader is making meaning

Which of these is not evidence of football being the sport of the machine age?

the violent nature of the game

Under the law of agency, the agent owes the principal fiduciary duties. Which of the following is not a fiduciary duty owed to the principal by the agent

to negotiate a contract

Under the law of agency, the principal owes the agent certain duties. Which of the following is not a duty owed to the agent by the principal

to negotiate a written contract with the agent

Your authors paraphrase Gilles Deleuze by saying they want theory to be the ________ of questions and concepts to be built and deployed

toolbox

The concept of ____ is probably the best single measure of an industry's impact

value added

Which of the following is NOT a common element used to define management

values, policy, and strategy