Convection Currents

Cause

Convection currents are caused by earths internal thermal energy causing mantle to heat, expand, and rise. As it gets closer to crust it cools, becoming denser and sinking, forming a current.

D (4th step)

Core heat causes temperature to rise, therefore decreasing the density of material

A (1st step)

Density of mantle material is less than material above it,so the materials begin to rise

Conduction

Heat transfer by direct contact of particles of matter. Example:Metal spoon heating up in a pot of hot soup.

B (2nd step)

Rising material hits rigid lithosphere and cannot go up any further

Effect

The convection currents act as a 'conveyor belt' moving the plates of the lithosphere above.

C (3rd step)

The force of gravity is causing denser material to fall

Result

The result of plates moving are earthquakes, volcanic eruptions,and building of mountains

Radiation

The transfer of energy through empty, has no direct contact between heat source in an object. Example:sunlight warming earth's surface

Convection

Transfer of heat by the movement (includes liquids and gases) Heat transfer by convection is caused by differences in tempature and density within a fluid ➡️Density-measure of how much mass there is in a volume of a substance Example:heating water on a stove -as water on bottom gets hot, it expands, becomes less dense