Criminal Justice Chapter 5

T or F? Most federal law enforcement agencies in the United States are found within the Department of Defense.

False

State Bureau of Investigation

a state agency that is responsible for investigating crimes involving state statutes; they may also be called in to assist police agencies in serious criminal matters, and often publish state crime reports.

T or F? Contract services is a term that describes outside firms or individuals hired by a company to provide security services for a fee.

true

T or F? Greater specialization is seen in larger police organizations.

true

T or F? Traffic investigations are considered secondary elements of policing.

true

Which of the following is a function of the Department of Homeland Security? -checking for security threats at migration entry points to the United States -preventing attacks against the United States using weapons of mass destruction -representing the government in legal suits protecting the United States from public corruption

-checking for security threats at migration entry points to the United States

Which of the following is an example of proprietary private police security? A bank hires an organization to provide around-the-clock security. A grocery store chain hires a company to provide their stores with security guards. A retail store hires several individuals to be part of their security department. A celebrity contracts with a company to provide personal protection overnight.

A retail store hires several individuals to be part of their security department.

Which individual is credited with shaping the development of police professionalism during the reform era? Cesare Becarria August Vollmer Arnold Comte John Augustus

August Vollmer

Which Department of Homeland Security agency is responsible for preventing terrorists and terrorist weapons from entering the United States?

Customs and Border Protection

Primary criminal justice officials in the United States today, including sheriffs, constables, coroners, and justices of the peace, have their roots in which country? Russia England Japan Australia

England

Which of the following were among the duties of the constable in early England? He collected taxes and served as magistrate. He maintained law and order in the tithings. He presided over court proceedings of civil disputes. He conducted preliminary hearings to determine cause of death.

He collected taxes and served as magistrate.

Which of the following is considered the only truly international crime-fighting organization? INTERPOL the FBI the U.S. Marshals Service the CIA

INTERPOL

Which of the following best describes the Department of Justice? Its main priority is to protect the United States from terrorist attacks. It is the state-level law enforcement agency. It is the legal arm of the U.S. government. Its operations are based outside the authority of the federal government.

It is the legal arm of the U.S. government.

Which of the following is true about private security and private police personnel?

Private security officers often receive little training compared to public police officers.

County correctional institutions are most often maintained and staffed by which department or agency?

Sheriffs department

T or F? An organizational structure creates a chain of command in police organizations

True

T or F? The first private security operation was established to ensure railway security.

True

organizational structure or chart

a diagram of the vertical and horizontal parts of an organization, showing its chain of command, lines of communication, division of labor, and so on.

Contract services

a for-profit firm or individuals hired by an individual or company to provide security services

justice of the peace (JP)

a minor justice official who oversees lesser criminal trials; one of the early English judicial functionaries.

municipal police departments

a police force that enforces laws and maintains peace within a specified city or municipality.

state police

a state agency responsible for highway patrol and other duties as delineated in the state's statutes; some states require their police to investigate crimes against persons and property.

county sheriff's offices

a unit of county government with a sheriff (normally elected) and deputies whose duties vary but typically include policing unincorporated areas, maintaining county jails, providing security to courts in the county, and serving warrants and court papers.,

For which of the following areas might a special-purpose state agency be formed? immigration agriculture highway patrol criminal investigation

agriculture

Which innovation is associated with August Vollmer? assigned police beats civil service systems social work alert systems

alert systems

private police/security officers

all nonpublic officers, including guards, watchmen, private detectives, and investigators; they have limited powers and only the same arrest powers as regular citizens.

Private officers' rights and responsibilities include being ______. highly trained bound by the Miranda decision allowed to carry guns usually dressed in a uniform

allowed to carry guns

reform era

also the professional era, from the 1930s to 1980s, when police sought to extricate themselves from the shackles of politicians, and leading to the crime-fighter era—with greater emphases being placed on numbers—arrests, citations, response times, and so on.

coroner

an early English court officer; today one (usually a physician) in the United States whose duty it is to determine cause of death.

organizations

an entity of two or more people who cooperate to achieve one or more objectives.

community era

beginning in about 1980, a time when the police retrained to work with the community to solve problems by looking at their underlying causes and developing tailored responses to them.

Which of the following would prohibit a potential officer from carrying a firearm?

being convicted of domestic violence

A person convicted of which crime is ineligible to carry a firearm? fraud theft drug possession domestic violence

domestic violence

Which law enforcement tasks are likely to be performed by specialized state agencies?

enforcement of fish and game laws

Which law enforcement tasks are likely to be performed by specialized state agencies? controlling immigration auditing violations of the Internal Revenue Code fighting crime internationally enforcement of fish and game laws

enforcement of fish and game laws

T or F? Modern justices of the peace in the United States and England are both able to grant bail to felons.

false

T or F? State police typically have a narrower set of responsibilities than state highway patrol.

false

Federal Law Enforcement Agencies

federal organizations that, for example, are charged with protecting the homeland (DHS); investigating crimes (FBI) and enforcing particular laws, such as those pertaining to drugs (DEA) or alcohol/tobacco/firearms/explosives (ATF); and guarding the courts and transporting prisoners (USMS).

Which innovation in policing was developed during the reform era? red light monitors body cameras fingerprinting community problem-solving databases

fingerprinting

political era

from the 1840s to the 1930s, the period of time when police were tied closely to politics and politicians, dependent on them for being hired and promoted, and for assignments—all of which raised the potential for corruption.

When compared with municipal police departments, members serving as part of the sheriff's department are more likely to ______.

have lower levels of education

constable

in England, favored noblemen who were forerunners of modern-day U.S. criminal justice functionaries; largely disappeared in the United States by the 1970s.

Propriety services

in-house security services whose personnel are hired, trained, and supervised by the company or organization..

Which position in early England had the ability to bail people out of jail?

justice of the peace

The London police are nicknamed "bobbies" because of the ______. jurisdictions where the officers served belief that "the police are the public, and the public are the police" man who established the first police force in London role the London police played in dispersing rioters

man who established the first police force in London.

Which application element is meant to screen potential officers for health conditions that may prohibit them from doing their job? drug testing medical exam background investigation basic training

medical exam

Which of the following services is a primary operational element of policing? providing technical support maintaining jails patrolling recruiting officers

patrolling

The top priority of the Federal Bureau of Investigation is to ______. provide a complete change of identity for members of the Witness Protection Program protect the United States against foreign intelligence operations and espionage protect the United States against cyber-based attacks and high-technology crimes protect the United States from terrorist attack

protect the United States from terrorist attack

The first private policing company specialized in which industry?

railway security

What functions might a sheriff's department serve that a municipal police department does not? maintain order enforce laws investigate crimes serve as bailiff

serve as bailiff

special-purpose state agencies

specially trained units for particular investigative needs, such as those for violations of alcoholic beverage laws, fish and game laws, organized crime, and so on.

Which of the following refers to a common element that is generally required of all law enforcement positions? ability to relocate successful completion of basic training successful completion of a medical examination ability to carry a firearm

successful completion of a medial examination.

Which of the following is generally required as a condition of placement in a law enforcement position? have U.S. citizenship successfully complete a drug test be 37 years of age or older disclose chronic medical conditions that may impair performance

successfully complete a drug test.

sheriff

the chief law enforcement officer of a county, typically elected and frequently operating the jail as well as law enforcement functions.

INTERPOL

the only international crime-fighting organization; it collects intelligence information, issues alerts, and assists in capturing world criminals, and it has nearly 200 member countries.

Which of the following eras of policing involved a great deal of police corruption? the reform era the community era the political era the Berkley era

the political era

Why did some police departments in the reform era prohibit officers from residing in neighborhoods where they patrolled?

to isolate officers from potential political influences

General training is not required for those who provide private security.

true

A special-purpose state agency would be most likely to investigate ______. criminal cases civil cases immigration violations unlawful alcohol distribution

unlawful alcohol distribution

chain of command

vertical and horizontal power relations within an organization, showing how one position relates to others.