CS 2301 - Study Guide

Time required by the CPU for the execution of a process is called _____ time.

Burst

'makedir' is a command in Linux/UNIX for marking a director for deleting.

False

A blocked state is a state of a process that cannot be changed by an interrupt request.

False

A user can display the value of a variable using the 'printfileo' command.

False

At any given time, many pages of any process are in the main memory and therefore more processes can be maintained in memory.

False

GUI is a command-line program that relies on text inputs to perform operating system functions.

False

True or False: A 32-bit logical address with 8 KB page size will have 1,000,000 entries in a conventional page table?

False

True or False: A base register is used to transform physical addresses (generated by the program) into virtual addresses.

False

True or False: Fragmentation does not occur in a paging system.

False

True or False: Implementing paging support without care will lead to a faster machine.

False

True or False: Without a mechanism such as an address-space identifier, the TLB must be flushed during a context switch

False

Waiting Time is the time difference between completion time and arrival time.

False

FIFO is a method for page replacement and stands for:

First in First Out

Which is NOT a CPU scheduling algorithm?

Last in First Out

Full operating systems can be found on all devices except ______

Microwave ovens

Which is a system call for Linux?

Open

______ is a preemptive scheduling algorithm in which each process is given a time

Round Robin

All memory references within a process are logical addresses that are dynamically translated into physical addresses at run time.

True

Application Program Interfaces (APIs) let application programmers use functions of the computer and operating system without having to directly keep track of all the details in the CPU's operation

True

By interfacing with a kernel, a shell provides a way for a user to execute utilities and programs

True

Each thread belongs to exactly one process and no thread can exist outside a process

True

FCFS is the easiest and most simple CPU scheduling algorithm

True

If a process is in an interruptable_sleep state, it is sitting and waiting for input before it continues

True

Linux is a type of operating system

True

The name of Round-Robin Scheduling algorithm comes from the round-robin principle, where each person gets an equal share of something in turn.

True

The swap memory is utilized in both Linux and Windows systems.

True

Threads provide a way to improve application performance through parallelism

True

True or False: A translation-look aside buffer, or TLB is part of the chip's memory-management unit (MMU).

True

True or False: Address space can be shared or dedicated to users.

True

True or False: Cache coherency involves ensuring that multiple caches store the most updated version of the stored data

True

True or False: There are usually two types of locality, temporal and spatial

True

True or False: calloc() allocates memory and also zeroes it before returning.

True

With virtual memory, each and every memory access uses a _____ address.

Virtual

Cache Affinity means run process on

a. Same CPU

Internal fragmentation means:

a. Space inside the allocated unit is not all used but fragmented

What is NOT a major component of a modern operating system?

a.Paint

What can be either fine-grained or coarse-grained?

a.SIMD

A Kernel is a computer program that is the heart and core of an Operating System.

a.True

A computer does not multitask but shares CPU time and changes process states to seem like all the programs are running.

a.True

After typing a command, the result users get would be either text information or specific action performed by the computer.

a.True

Application programming interfaces allow developers to write applications that can run on all systems running the same operating system(s).

a.True

As processes are loaded and removed from memory, the free memory space is broken into little pieces.

a.True

CPU Scheduling algorithm is an algorithm that is used to assign system resources to processes in a computing system.

a.True

Mapping chunks of memory to disk files enables a computer to treat secondary memory as the main memory.

a.True

Memory compaction addresses memory fragmentation issues.

a.True

The longest job first (LJF) algorithm is the non-preemptive version based on the burst time of the processes.

a.True

The name of Round-Robin Scheduling algorithm comes from the round-robin principle, where each person gets an equal share of something in turn.

a.True

The operating system creates an illusion of virtualizing the CPU.

a.True

When a process is busy swapping pages in and out the situation is called thrashing.

a.True

A computer can address more memory than the amount physically installed on the system. This extra memory is called

a.Virtual Memory

A computer can address more memory than the amount physically installed on the system. This extra memory is called ________.

a.Virtual Memory

In Java, garbage collection is the process of managing memory

a.automatically

Linux reuses the written pages and synchronizes the file contents on the device with the latest data when they are marked

a.dirty

Assume the value of the base and limit registers are 1200 and 350 respectively. Which of the following addresses is legal?

b. 1200

__________ is when each cache pays attention to memory updates by observing the bus that connects them to main memory. When a CPU then sees an update for a data item it holds in its cache, it will notice the change and either invalidate its copy or update it

b. Bus Snooping

Paging has advantages over segmentation to include which of the following:

b. Does not lead to external fragmentation

The term random-access memory or RAM means that:

b. Memory is randomly accessed

Memory leaks were common in the past when developers mainly used _________.

b.C/C++

A GUI uses scripting, commands, and command codes to carry out commands, such as opening, deleting, and moving files.

b.False

A user can delete the swap file, as it is not needed by the operating system.

b.False

Developers on macOS and Linux machines always use Bash every day to work with files and applications.

b.False

First in First Out (FIFO) is an algorithm that takes the last process received and executes it.

b.False

GUI combines various graphical representations, including graphic icons.

b.False

In the Shortest Job First method, the process with the shortest burst time is scheduled last.

b.False

Memory leaks do not affect embedded systems.

b.False

Operating systems do NOT govern the input/output device data.

b.False

Shell is a user interface responsible for processing all commands typed on GUI.

b.False

The Completely Unfair Scheduler is the chosen scheduler method for Linux.

b.False

The OOM killer selects a processor to sacrifice for the sake of the overall system's health.

b.False

The number of operating systems that can be virtualized on a system is unlimited.

b.False

Virtual memory is NOT a common technique used in a computer's operating system (OS).

b.False

When the CPU is free, and its resources are NOT available, then the CPU must select a process from the ready queue and allocate resources for its execution.

b.False

A computer program requests a service from the ______ of the operating system.

b.Kernel

NUMA stands for

b.Non-Uniform Memory Access

The invention of a _______ marked the beginning of the point-and-click method as a new way to interact with the computer.

b.mouse

The period of time for which a process or job is allowed to run in a pre-emptive method is called time ________.

b.quantum

While copying virtual memory into physical memory, the OS divides memory with a fixed number of addresses into either page files or _______.

b.swap files

The fundamental difference between single-CPU hardware and multi-CPU hardware?

c. Caches

Consult the following figure; which page frame will be used first?

c. Page frame 3

The data structure free list is used to track?

c. Ranges of the physical memory which is not currently in use

The address can be used by all of the following except:

c. Registers

'cd' is a command in Linux/UNIX for

c.Change of Directory

Placing free memory together into a large block is called

c.Compaction

Operating Systems utilize mostly __________.

c.RAM

The two types of swap memory include:

c.Swap partitions and swap files

What command will show you information on your filesystem?

c.df

When a process makes a request to the Kernel, this is called a _______.

c.system call

APIs in operating systems are utilized in order to directly _____.

control the execution of processes and change states.

Which is not a common error?

d. All are common errors

Which is not a goal of virtual memory (VM)?

d. Isolation

Which of the following data structures is appropriate for placing into its own segment?

d. all of the above

BASH is the GNU ______-Again shell

d.Bourne

Before GUI interfaces, computers used primarily ______.

d.CLI

Operating systems cover all operations directly except ______.

d.Information coming out of speakers

Virtual memory frees up ______ by swapping data that has not been used recently over to a storage device, such as a hard drive or solid-state drive (SSD).

d.RAM

Memory stored on the hard drive when not being used currently is called:

d.Swap file

A process is a running program that runs specifically in the _____.

d.background

If the number of processes keeps on increasing in the memory then the number of frames allocated to each process will be _______.

d.decreased

A thread is also called a ______ process.

lightweight