CS 6

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What is multiprogramming?

Loading 2 or more programs into memory, executing one at a time

What is the downside of a system without a dedicated sound processor?

Lower quality sound

What is the advantage of designing an OS from scratch?

Optimized for device

What is a process scheduler?

Part of OS that decides on next task to be admitted to CPU

What is Polling?

Periodic checking of device status

What are mainframes?

Powerful computers with vast amounts of resources

What is swapping?

Process of moving program from RAM to hard disk and back

What is a scheduler?

Process of selecting the next process to be executed

What is a device driver?

Program that acts as a bridge between hardware and OS

What is the advantage of eliminating certain aspects of the OS?

Reduces size and RAM usage

What is the function of a graphics processor?

Renders complex graphics

What is abstraction in operating systems?

Representation of complex system with simpler model

What are the four main functions of an OS?

Resource, peripheral, hardware interface, memory/process management

What is an interrupt?

Signal from device that causes OS to stop current task

What is the impact of CPU processing sounds?

Slows down the system

What is an operating system?

Software that supports basic functions

What are the two ways to design a dedicated OS?

Adopt existing OS or design from scratch

What is a task scheduler?

Application that carries out specific tasks at specific times

What is multitasking?

Completing smaller tasks or processes quickly

What does the OS hide from users?

Complexity of hardware interactions

What is multiprocessing?

Computers with more than one core

What does the OS do?

Coordinates resources and controls execution of software

What are dedicated operating systems?

Custom made for specific function

What is multithreading?

Executing different parts of a program simultaneously

What are supercomputers?

Fast and expensive computers focused on mathematical calculations

What is Virtual Memory?

Feature to compensate for RAM shortages

What is batch processing?

Grouping programs together and executing without intervention

What does the OS do for user accounts?

Helps create accounts and defines privileges/rights

What is preemptive scheduling?

High priority task takes over low priority task

How do operating systems hide complexity from users?

Through GUI, folder structures, icons, and abstraction

What is slicing?

Used by multitasking to manage all running programs

What happens when a graphics processor is limited?

CPU processes graphics, taking longer or being limited

What is the disadvantage of designing an OS from scratch?

Can't be used on other devices and more expensive

What is memory management?

OS manages computer memory and instructions executed in ALU

What is paging?

Allows OS to use secondary storage as if it was RAM

What is multi-access?

Multiple users interacting with a single computer through their terminals


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