CSD 475 phonation workbook questions

phonation threshold pressure:

Is the lower lung pressure required to initiate phonation

the Lombard effect tells us that:

People tend to increase their vocal intensity when speaking within noise

all of the intrinsic laryngeal muscles receive innervation from cranial nerve:

X vagus

all extrinsic laryngeal muscles are innervated by:

a combination of CN V, CN VII, CN XII

the cricothyroid joint:

allows the thyroid cartilage to rock forward and downward to achieve vocal fold elongation

adduction

closing of VF

the abduction and adduction of the vocal folds is achieved by movement of the:

cricoarytenoid joint

increased fundamental frequency is achieved by elongating the vocal folds, which ____________________ their stiffness and _______________ their mass per unit length

decreases increases

during VF vibration, the arytenoid cartilages ______________ adduct and abduct the VF

do not

three features of vocal fold closure that are important in the regulation of intensity are:

duration, speed, degree

in the body cover mechanical model of the VF, the body consists of

epithelium and the superficial and intermediate layers of the VF

T/F short term cycle to cycle variability in the amplitude of VF vibration is called shimmer

false

T/F the bernoulii effect is the primary means by which the VF are adducted into the airstream during phonation

false

T/F voice quality refers to pitch and loudness

false

during VF vibration, the restorative forces of the VF tissues:

help to return the VF to their midline position

the major regulator of intensity is:

increased lung pressure

In the three-layer mechanical model of the VF, the vocal ligament consists of the:

intermedia and deep layers of the lamina propia

Short term (cycle to cycle) nonvolitional F0 irregularity is referred to as:

jitter

during VF vibration, the arytenoid cartilages:

maintain adduction of the VF

during VF vibration, the air pressure below the VF:

must be greater than the air pressure above the VF

Abduction

opening of VF

the movement of the cricoarytenoid joints is the:

primarily rocking

all intrinsic laryngeal muscles except for the cricothyroid muscle are innervated by the:

recurrent laryngeal nerve

all intrinsic muscles except for the cricothyroid muscle are innervated by the:

recurrent laryngeal nerve

fundamental frequency is controlled by:

the mass per unit length and the stiffness of the VF

T/F the myoelastic aerodynamic theory of voice production describes passive vibration of the vf when adducted into the airstream

true

breathy onset:

vf approximate after exhalation is initiated

hard onset:

vf are firmly approximated prior to initiation phonation

the myoelastic aerodynamic theory of voice production tells us that:

vocal fold vibration occurs passively due to the interaction of the aerodynamics and the biomechanical properties of the vocal fold tissues

the glottal resistance is the amount of resistance of the __________________ to the airflow

vocal folds

gentle onset:

vocal folds approximate at the same time as exhalation is initiated