CSF Chapter 43

Process begins before birth: oogenesis Haploid daughter cells are produced: both each daughter cell develops into a gamete: spermatogenesis meiosis is involved: both One daughter cell becomes a gamete and the others becoming polar bodies: oogenesis Process begins at puberty: spermatogenesis

Classify as Oogenesis, Spermatogenesis, or both. Process begins before birth: Haploid daughter cells are produced: each daughter cell develops into a gamete: meiosis is involved: One daughter cell becomes a gamete and the others becoming polar bodies: Process begins at puberty:

Forms the muscles, bones, and cartilage: mesoderm Lines the digestive tract: endoderm Forms the stomach: endoderm Inner layer of the embryo: endoderm Outer layer of the embryo: ectoderm Forms the central nervous system: ectoderm Middle layer of the embryo: mesoderm Forms the brain and spinal cord: ectoderm Forms the kidney and gonads: mesoderm

Classify as ectoderm, mesoderm, or endoderm. Forms the muscles, bones, and cartilage: Lines the digestive tract: Forms the stomach: Inner layer of the embryo: Outer layer of the embryo: Forms the central nervous system: Middle layer of the embryo: Forms the brain and spinal cord: Forms the kidney and gonads:

Maintains uterine lining for pregnancy: progesterone Low levels suppress LH secretion during follicular phase: estrogen Stops menstrual cycle when pregnant: progesterone Triggers initial follicle growth: FSH Stimulates formation of the corpus luteum: LH Decline in production induces menopause: estrogen Triggers secondary sex characteristics: estrogen Induces follicle maturation: LH

Classify as estrogen, progesterone, Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) or luteinizing hormone (LH). Maintains uterine lining for pregnancy: Low levels suppress LH secretion during follicular phase: Stops menstrual cycle when pregnant: Triggers initial follicle growth: Stimulates formation of the corpus luteum: Decline in production induces menopause: Triggers secondary sex characteristics: Induces follicle maturation:

A sperm cell from a male rabbit fertilized the egg of a female rabbit: sexual A banana slug produces both sperm and eggs and will sometimes self-fertilize: sexual A sponge grows mitotically produced buds that grow into new sponges: asexual Two frogs release their eggs and sperm into the water: sexual An amoeba produces two identical daughter cells via mitosis: asexual A gecko produces eggs that do not need to be fertilized to produce offspring: asexual

Classify as sexual reproduction or asexual reproduction. A sperm cell from a male rabbit fertilized the egg of a female rabbit: A banana slug produces both sperm and eggs and will sometimes self-fertilize: A sponge grows mitotically produced buds that grow into new sponges: Two frogs release their eggs and sperm into the water: An amoeba produces two identical daughter cells via mitosis: A gecko produces eggs that do not need to be fertilized to produce offspring:

Sperm production: FSH Stimulation of Sertoli cells: FSH Stimulation of Leydig cells: LH Production of testosterone: LH Inhabitation of GnRH secretion: testosterone Increased muscle mass and strength: testosterone Deepening of the voice: testosterone

Classify as testosterone, Follicle-Stimulating hormone (FSH), or luteinizing hormone(LH). Sperm production: Stimulation of Sertoli cells: Stimulation of Leydig cells: Production of testosterone: Inhabitation of GnRH secretion: Increased muscle mass and strength: Deepening of the voice:

A process fusing the nuclei of two gametes: fertilization A fertilized egg cell: zygote Sperm cell: gamete Cell resulting from the fusion of gametes: zygote Cell produced by meiosis: gamete

Classify as zygote, gamete, or fertilization. A process fusing the nuclei of two gametes: A fertilized egg cell: Sperm cell: Cell resulting from the fusion of gametes: Cell produced by meiosis:

Observed in sponges: fragmentation Formation of offspring by outgrowths that break free or remain attached to form a colony: budding Growth and division of parent into two separate and equal individuals: fission Growing and developing from embryo from unfertilized egg: parthenogenesis Splitting of an organism into body parts that each grow the rest of the missing body parts: fragmentation Used by prokaryotic microorganisms: fission Seen in some fish: parthenogenesis Used by baker's yeast: budding

Identify characteristic of asexual reproduction (budding, fission, parthenogenesis, fragmentation) Observed in sponges: Formation of offspring by outgrowths that break free or remain attached to form a colony: Growth and division of parent into two separate and equal individuals: Growing and developing from embryo from unfertilized egg: Splitting of an organism into body parts that each grow the rest of the missing body parts: Used by prokaryotic microorganisms: Seen in some fish: Used by baker's yeast:

A whiptail lizard develops from an unfertilized;

Identify the scenario that set describes parthenogenesis. A male clownfish changes to a female; A goat develops from and egg fertilized by a sperm; A prokaryotic cell divides to form two identical cells; A whiptail lizard develops from an unfertilized;

A mature oocyte is ovulated and moved down the Fallopian tube; A sperm cell passes through the follicle cells surrounding the oocyte; A portion of the zone pellucid is digested by enzymes found within the acrosome, located on the tip of the sperm cell; A sperm cell binds to and fuses with the plasma membrane of the egg; The haploid nucleus of the sperm enters the cytoplasm of the egg; The sperm and egg nuclei fuse to form a zygote; The developing embryo is implanted on the inner lining of the uterus;

Place the step of fertilization in the order that hey occur. A mature oocyte is ovulated and moved down the Fallopian tube; The developing embryo is implanted on the inner lining of the uterus; A sperm cell passes through the follicle cells surrounding the oocyte; A portion of the zone pellucid is digested by enzymes found within the acrosome, located on the tip of the sperm cell; A sperm cell binds to and fuses with the plasma membrane of the egg; The haploid nucleus of the sperm enters the cytoplasm of the egg; The sperm and egg nuclei fuse to form a zygote;

days 6-13

The inner lining of the uterus grows in response to increased levels of estrogen produced by the maturing follicles. Days 1-5; days 5-13; day 14; days 15-28;

days 15-28

The inner lining of the uterus is prepared for implantation in response to increased levels of progesterone. Days 1-5; days 5-13; day 14; days 15-28;

days 1-5

The shedding of the inner layer of the uterus that would have supported implantation and early embryo growth has fertilization occured. Days 1-5; days 5-13; day 14; days 15-28;

pituitary gland

What gland is responsible for producing both follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH)? pituitary gland; thyroid gland; testes; hypothalamus;

Asexual reproduction produces genetically identical offspring, whereas sexual reproduction produces offspring that are genetically different from each other and from their parents;

What is the difference between asexual reproduction and sexual reproduction? Asexual reproduction produces genetically identical offspring, whereas sexual reproduction produces offspring that are genetically different from each other and from their parents; Asexual reproduction involves both cell replication and fertilization, whereas sexual reproduction includes only cell replication; Asexual reproduction occurs only in prokaryotic organisms. whereas sexual reproduction occurs only in eukaryotic organisms; Asexual reproduction produces genetically unique offspring, whereas sexual reproduction produces offspring that are genetically identical to each other and identical to their parents;

Support, nourish, and regulate the product of sperm;

What is the function of Sertoli cells found within the seminiferous tubules located within the testes? Maintain the appropriate temperature for spermatogenesis; Support, nourish, and regulate the product of sperm; Secrete testosterone during spermatogenesis; Differentiate into mature sperm cells;

Release of a secondary oocyte from a mature follicle;

Which statement best described ovulation? Maturation of a single zygote in response to a follicle stimulating hormone; Binding of a zygote to the inner lining of the uterus; Release of a secondary oocyte from a mature follicle; Formation of the corpus luteum, which begins production of progesterone; An increase in levels of estrogen during the proliferative phase;

day 14

In response to rising estrogen levels, luteinizing hormone promotes the release of the oocyte from the follicles in the ovary. Days 1-5; days 5-13; day 14; days 15-28;

river

In which type of environment is external fertilization most likely to occur? savannah; desert; woodland; river;