CSFA 1172 Final

An experienced CRNA administered MAC to a 29-year-old female undergoing local scar revision surgery for an old abdominal incision. She titrated midazolam and propofol to dull the patient's level of consciousness. She was alerted by the dropping SpO2 reading and the patient's loss of chest movement. The patient did not respond to a head tilt-chin lift maneuver. The CRNA's next response to this event is to:

Alert the surgeon and ventilate the patient's lungs with a self-inflating bag/valve/mask.

Which statement best explains the mechanism of action of general anesthetic agents?

Analgesia, amnesia, anesthesia, and systemic hyporeflexus

Which of the following medications is a specific depolarizing muscle relaxant than can produce generalized fasciculations?

Succinylcholine

Whenever regional anesthesia is used, resuscitative equipment and drugs must be immediately available and the patient monitored for any substantial change in vital signs or untoward reactions. An example of a risk with regional anesthesia is:

Intravascular injection of the anesthetic agent.

During a surgical procedure using ketamine as the induction and maintenance agent, the perioperative nurse should:

Maintain close proximity to the patient and anesthesia provider in case the patient has hallucinations.

Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is often a side effect of the analgesic ___________.

Morphine

Which anesthetic agent could not be given if an IV-only anesthesia plan was employed?

Desflurane

While hypothermia was historically credited as a therapeutic modality benefitting all surgery because it decreases metabolism and reduces oxygen demand, inadvertent hypothermia is now recognized as impacting many critical physiologic functions and patient outcomes. Which of the following impairments can contribute to surgical site infections?

Impaired wound healing

In the past, MH mortality ranged up to 80%, but the immediate infusion of dantrolene (Dantrium) and proper treatment have reduced the death rate to about 7%. What is dantrolene's mechanism of action that reverses the hypermetabolic state and crisis?

It is a skeletal muscle relaxant.

At a regional malignant hyperthermia (MH) testing center a 14-year-old male is undergoing a muscle biopsy for suspected genetic predisposition to malignant hyperthermia. The anesthesia provider will provide light intravenous (IV) sedation while the surgeon infiltrates the biopsy site with a local anesthetic. This will facilitate the patient's tolerance of the procedure and minimize his risk for an MH episode. What is the current correct name for this anesthesia modality?

MAC

Which inhalational anesthetic agents have the fastest onset of induction, emergence, and recovery?

Nitrous oxide and sevoflurane

What is the primary purpose of premedication before anesthesia?

Sedate the patient and reduce anxiety

A desired anesthesia experience for a child is an anesthetic agent that offers a rapid and smooth induction with good relaxation, followed by rapid emergence. Which of the listed inhalational agents is the best choice for pediatric anesthesia?

Sevoflurane

Many factors have contributed to the evolution and progressive growth of ambulatory surgery. Select the three anesthetic agents that promote fast induction, rapid emergence, and minimal side effects and have been credited as a significant factor in this trend.

Sevoflurane, propofol, desflurane

The instillation of a local anesthetic into the subarachnoid space is termed:

spinal anesthesia.