D-03 Identify the Defining Features of Single-Subject Experimental Designs (e.g., Individuals Serve as Their Own Controls, Repeated Measures, Prediction, Verification, Replication)

Experimental methods in behavior analysis are guided by assumptions which include

(all of the above) - 1. behavior is an individual phenomenon. 2. behavior is a continuous phenomenon. 3. behavior variability is extrinsic to the organism.

Defining features of single-subject methodology include

1. baseline logic experimental reasoning. 2. subjects serve as their own controls. 3. visual inspection of the data for level, trend, and variability. 4. threats to internal validity are addressed through experimental design.

Defining features of single-subject methodology include

1. changes in behavior as a result of intervention are socially important. 2. analysis occurs at the individual level. 3. behavior is measured repeatedly over time. 4. external validity requires replication across participants, settings, or materials.

In behavior analysis, the single-subject design uses experimental reasoning referred to as

baseline logic.

Experimental methods in behavior analysis are guided by assumptions which include

behavior is a continuous phenomenon.

Experimental methods in behavior analysis are guided by assumptions which include

behavior is an individual phenomenon.

Baseline

behavior variability is extrinsic to the organism.

The purpose of single subject research is to document

causal or functional relationships between the independent and dependent variables.

Baseline

could include an intervention.

Verification in baseline logic involves

demonstrating that prior baseline levels would have remained unchanged had the independent variable not been introduced.

Replication in baseline logic involves

manipulating the independent variable repeatedly and producing similar outcomes.

If the target behavior is dangerous, baseline

may not be possible due to safety concerns.

Prediction in baseline logic involves

obtaining steady state responding in baseline, which allows the anticipation of unknown future measurements.

Baseline logic entails the three elements of

prediction, verification, and replication.

Baseline is what is going on

prior to planned intervention.

Baseline

provides a comparison condition.

Science is best characterized as a set of methodologies that seeks

relationships between natural phenomena.

If baseline data indicate a therapeutic trend, baseline

should continue.

Within-subject research designs expose subjects to both control and experimental conditions, which allows

unique subject characteristics to be held constant across conditions.

Single subject or repeated measures designs use steady state responding, which requires that subject's behavior be measured repeatedly

until stable in one condition before changing and measuring in another condition.