Darby Ch 55 - Respiratory diseases

Which of the following drugs is contraindicated for patients who have a history of asthma? A. Aspirin B. Epinephrine C. Xylocaine D. Erythromycin

A. Aspirin

The management of COPD begins with reducing the risk factors associated with COPD, particularly smoking cessation. As the disease progresses, a patient's physician must implement a plan to manage exacerbations. A. Both statements are true. B. Both statements are false. C. The first statement is true, the second is false. D. The first statement is false, the second is true.

A. Both statements are true.

Each of the following is true about the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) EXCEPT one. Which is the EXCEPTION? A. COPD can be cured. B. Antibiotics are often prescribed during the acute attack of symptoms. C. Bronchodilators, such as those used by people with asthma, have been used commonly as treatment. D. Beta2-agonists used to treat COPD are fast acting and, in addition to relaxing the bronchial tubes, improve mucus clearance.

A. COPD can be cured.

When treating a patient with a history of tuberculosis, which of the following is the major concern? A. Disease transmission B. Proper patient positioning to avoid symptom exacerbation C. Stress prevention D. Use of local anesthesia with epinephrine

A. Disease transmission

Which of the following has contributed to the problem of multi-drug-resistant strains of tuberculosis? A. Noncompliance during lengthy drug therapy. B. High rates of TB in the United States. C. Patients undergoing immunosuppressive therapy or taking immunosuppressive drugs. D. None are applicable.

A. Noncompliance during lengthy drug therapy.

A condition that involves the partial or complete collapse of the upper respiratory airway while breathing during sleep best describes the term. A. Obstructive s leep apnea B. central sleep apnea C. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease D. Tuberculosis

A. Obstructive s leep apnea

Each of the following is an oral manifestation of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) EXCEPT one. Which is the EXCEPTION? A. Prognathic mandible often accompanied by Class III malocclusion B. Bruxism C. Enlarged tongue D. Enlarged tonsils

A. Prognathic mandible often accompanied by Class III malocclusion

A condition that involves the partial or complete collapse of the upper airway while breathing during sleep best describes the term A. obstructive sleep apnea. B. central sleep apnea. C. chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. D. tuberculosis.

A. obstructive sleep apnea.

Which of the following statements is NOT true about alpha-1 antitrypsin? A. Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency involves a genetic predisposition to emphysema B. Alpha-1 antitrypsin is a fatty acid found in the blood that promotes the activity of elastase in the lungs. C. Those with alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency may not have any other predisposition factors that would lead to the severe emphysema. D. Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency can be diagnosed by a blood test.

B. Alpha-1 antitrypsin is a fatty acid found in the blood that promotes the activity of elastase in the lungs.

Each of the following types of patients is associated with aspiration pneumonia EXCEPT one. Which is the EXCEPTION? A. Frail, elderly adults B. Infants C. Patients with dysphagia D. Patients inhaling vomit or saliva

B. Infants

Each of the following types of patients is associated with aspiration pneumonia EXCEPT one. Which is the EXCEPTION? A. Frail, elderly adults. B. Infants C. Patients with dyspnea D. Patients inhaling vomit or saliva

B. Infants

Each of the following is an appropriate precaution to be taken when treating a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) EXCEPT one. Which is the EXCEPTION? A. Place patient in semi-supine position. B. Nitrous oxide inhalation sedation should be used to reduce anxiety. C. Assess salivary flow related to medication-induced xerostomia. D. Plan fewer, shorter appointments to reduce anxiety.

B. Nitrous oxide inhalation sedation should be used to reduce anxiety.

Which of the following statements is true concerning tuberculosis (TB)? A. TB is a relatively young disease, emerging in the United States in late 20th century. B. Those with HIV are at great risk for contracting TB. C. There is no vaccine for TB. D. Immigrants from high occurrence countries are not at risk for TB due to vaccinations.

B. Those with HIV are at great risk for contracting TB.

The use of the ultrasonic scaler is either contraindicated or to be used cautiously with many lung diseases due to the possibility of transmission of disease and the production of aerosols. The use of the air polisher is contraindicated for a patient with asthma because asthmatics may be allergic to the powder. A. Both statements are true. B. Both statements are false. C. The first statement is true, the second is false. D. The first statement is false, the second is true.

C. The first statement is true, the second is false.

Each of the following is a symptom of an asthma attack EXCEPT one. Which is the EXCEPTION? A. Dyspnea B. Perspiration C. A need to lie down D. Felling pressure or tightness in the chest

C. A need to lie down

Which of the following terms has been associated with emphysema? A. Blue bloater B. Mantoux skin screening C. Barrel chest D. Apnea

C. Barrel chest

Which of the following statements is NOT true about pneumonia in elderly, infirmed or intubated patients? A. Knowledge of respiratory conditions, treatment regimens, and prevention will enhance the role of the dental hygienist in alternative practice settings. B. For those infirmed and/or physically disabled, nursing staff must be knowledgeable and vigilant in oral care practices. C. Children, adults, and the elderly patients are equally susceptible to nosocomial pneumonia. D. The importance of proper oral care should be emphasized to family members and/or caregivers of the elderly and infirmed patients.

C. Children, adults, and the elderly patients are equally susceptible to nosocomial pneumonia.

Each of the following is a common risk factor for disorders associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) EXCEPT one. Which is the EXCEPTION? A. Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency B. Occupational irritants C. Marijuana use D. Underdeveloped lungs

C. Marijuana use

Improper methods of hand washing, gloving, and the use of contaminated equipment by healthcare workers in a clinical setting contribute greatly to the transmission of nosocomial pneumonia. Nosocomial pneumonia and community acquired pneumonia refer to the same condition. A. Both statements are true. B. Both statements are false. C. The first statement is true, the second is false. D. The first statement is false, the second is true.

C. The first statement is true, the second is false.

Patients identified with OSA are most commonly treated with the use of continuous positive airway pressure (CAP) o bilevel positive airway pressure (BiPAP) devices that opens up the airway during sleep. Compliance with the use of CPAP or BiAPAP devices among OSA patients is very high. A. Both statements are true. B. Both statements are false. C. The first statement is true, the second is false. D. The first statement is false, the second is true

C. The first statement is true, the second is false.

Patients identified with OSA are most commonly treated with the use of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) or bilevel positive airway pressure (BiPAP) device that opens up the airway during sleep. Compliance with the use of CPAP or BiPAP devices among OSA patients is very high. A. Both statements are true. B. Both statements are false. C. The first statement is true, the second is false. D. The first statement is false, the second is true.

C. The first statement is true, the second is false.

Use of a dental dam during dental procedures is contraindicated with COPD patients. The primary for this contraindication is because these patients have an allergic sensitivity reaction to the dental dam material. A. Both statements are true. B. Both statements are false. C. The first statement is true, the second is false. D. The first statement is false, the second is true

C. The first statement is true, the second is false.

Use of a dental dam during dental procedures is contraindicated with COPD patients. The primary reason for this contraindication is because these patients may have an allergic sensitivity reaction to the dental dam material. A. Both statements are true. B. Both statements are false. C. The first statement is true, the second is false. D. The first statement is false, the second is true.

C. The first statement is true, the second is false.

When treating a patient with a history of COPD, the dental hygienist must be mindful of precipitating factors reported by the patient and avoid those factors during professional care. To avoid decreased lung function, the patient must always be placed in an upright position. A. Both statements are true. B. Both statements are false. C. The first statement is true, the second is false. D. The first statement is false, the second is true.

C. The first statement is true, the second is false.

Which one of the following is considered to be a major risk factor for sleep apnea? A. Hyperthyroidism B. Dwarfism C. Use of stimulants D. Obesity

D. Obesity

A patient with active tuberculosis can be treated in a dental office using universal precautions. Patients reporting latent tuberculosis infection will always have a positive PPD test. A. Both statements are true. B. Both statements are false. C. The first statement is true, the second is false. D. The first statement is false, the second is true

D. The first statement is false, the second is true

A patient with active tuberculosis can be treated in a dental office using universal precautions. Patients reporting latent tuberculosis infection will always have a positive PPD test. A. Both statements are true. B. Both statements are false. C. The first statement is true, the second is false. D. The first statement is false, the second is true.

D. The first statement is false, the second is true.

Asthma is a respiratory disease characterized by a decreased responsiveness of the airways to various stimuli. The symptoms of asthma often include periodic wheezing, dyspnea, coughing, and chest tightness. A. Both statements are true. B. Both statements are false. C. The first statement is true, the second is false. D. The first statement is false, the second is true.

D. The first statement is false, the second is true.

Chronic bronchitis symptoms appear quickly and intensely in individuals who smoke or when atmospheric concentrations of sulfur dioxide and other air pollutants increase. Those with chronic bronchitis may have a cough producing large amounts of sputum and may linger for several weeks. A. Both statements are true. B. Both statements are false. C. The first statement is true, the second is false. D. The first statement is false, the second is true.

D. The first statement is false, the second is true.

Multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis is a mild form of the tuberculosis. This type of TB is often caused by low patient compliance with long-term treatment regimens. A. Both statements are true. B. Both statements are false. C. The first statement is true, the second is false. D. The first statement is false, the second is true.

D. The first statement is false, the second is true.

The term associated with tuberculosis that describes the formation of hollow spaces in the lungs is A. blue bloater. B. barrel chest. C. status asthmaticus. D. cavitation.

D. cavitation.

What condition is defined as difficulty breathing?

Dyspnea

Which of the following terms best defines a severe asthma attack that does not respond to treatment with an adequate dose of commonly used bronchodilators? Dyspnea Cavitation Status asthmaticus Xerostomia

Status asthmaticus