Database
database system advantages
-reduce data redundancy -improved data integrity -easier modification and updating of data -better data security -more efficient data storage
database administrator
DBA, a skilled and trained computer professional who directs all activities related to an organizations database, including providing security from intruders
lights out environment
Data centers are approaching the point of automation, where they can run and manage themselves while being monitored remotely
data center
a climate-controlled building or set of buildings that house servers that store and deliver mission-critical information and services
database
a collection of data organized to meet users' needs multiple application programs share a pool of related data -reduces data redundancy
data definition language (DDL)
a collection of instructions and commands used to define and describe data and data relationships in specific databases
record
a collection of related fields that describe some object or activity
table
a collection of related records aka a file
database key
a field in a table used to identify a record, such as EmployeeNUmber
primary key
a field within a database table that uniquely identifies each record
structured query language (SQL)
a popular data manipulation language used by the vast majority of database programmers and administrators for manipulating data to meet the needs of the users
data mart
a small data warehouse, often developed for a specific person or purpose
data manipulation language (DML)
a specific language provided with the DBMS that allows people and other database users to access, modify, and make queries about data contained in the database and to generate reports
data warehouse
a very large database that hold important information from a variety of sources
database development platforms
allow you to create a database and a DBMS for accessing and manipulating data in a database
master files
are permanent files that are updated over time
good data should be
be nonredundant, flexible, simple, and adaptable to a number of different applications
general purpose databases
can be uses for many different types of applications
attribute
characteristic of an entity
selecting
choosing data based on certain criteria
in situations where a distributed database provides storage services to the public or other businesses
cloud storage
joining
combining two or more tables
database management system (DBMS)
consists of a group of programs that manipulate the data within a database. Provides an interface between the database and the user, or between the database and the application programs
data
consists of raw facts
replicated database
database that hold a duplicate set of frequently used data
garbage in/garbage out (GIGO)
errors caused by inaccurate data being entered into a database
database=collection of integrated...
files/tables
range in database size
from simple personal management software (PIM) to large industrial databases
entity
generalized class of people, places, or things for which data is collected, stored, and maintained
schema
graphical representation of the structure of a database -allow users to visualize the structure of a database
industrial databases
large databases that function as the cornerstone of information systems in businesses and enterprises
Digital universe study
market research firm IDC reports that the worlds total stored data was 1.8 zettabytes
comma-separated values
most common type of flat format filing
special purpose data bases
only one person can use at a time used to store and manipulate personal data
relational database
organizes data into multiple tables that are related by common fields -placed in 2D tables organized in rows and columns
one of the first steps in creating a database=
outline the logical and physical structure of the data and relationships among the data in the database
data mining
process of extracting information from a data warehouse or data mart
data analysis
process that involves evaluating data to identify problems with the content of a database
data dictionary
provides a detailed description of each field and table in a database -includes names, dates, descriptions -terms referenced by programmers -maintain data integrity
an attribute is a characteristic of a____
record
data hierarchy
refers to the manner in which data in a database is organized into sequential levels of details
database structure
refers to the manner in which data is organized and store
data integrity
refers to the quality and accuracy of the data
entity relationship diagram
relationshop between tables
all organizations need to process...
routine transactions
field
smallest practical unit in most databases typically a name, number, or combination of characters that in some way describes an aspect of an object or activity
database tools
software and techniques for analyzing, maintaining, and manipulating data in a database
data item
specific value of an attribute, can be found in the fields of the record describing an entity
flat file database
stores database records in a plain text file -stores each record as a line of text
distributed database
takes available data stored in multiple locations and makes it appear as a single collection
transaction files
temporary files that hold data that needs to be processed -contain data representing transactions
relationship
the ability to connect data in different tables through a common field -usually follows a logical model
virtualized database
the actual data may be spread across several databases at different locations -connect via telecommunications
business intelligence (BI)
the business use of data mining can help increase efficiency, reduce costs, or increase profits
normalization
the process of correcting data problems or anomalies
data integrity
the quality of data: the degree to which it is accurate and up to date
purpose of relational model
to describe using data using a standard tabular format
query by example (QBE)
were a database entity is selected as an example of the criteria to be queried
