Day 1 kinesiology: head, neck and face

how many bones compose the skull?

22

How many muscles create the range of expressions the human face displays?

30

What is a part of the origin of the longus colli?

Bodies of C-5 through T-3

Which is a part of the insertion of the longus colli?

Bodies of axis, C-3 and C-4

Which is an action of the masseter?

Elevate the mandible

Which action at the mandible would shorten the fibers of the masseter?

Elevation

What is an action of longus capitis

Flex the head and neck

Which muscle runs from the hyoid to the superior border of the scapula and is mostly inaccessible

Omohyoid

the anterior scalene lies partially deep to the lateral edge of which muscle?

SCM

What is the origin of longus capitis

Transverse processes of C-3 through C-6

Which is the origin of the masseter?

Zygomatic arch

Please identify three of the seven primary fascial expressions:

anger, contempt, fear

To discern the posterior scalene from the elevator scapula, what action could you ask your partner to perform that would contract the lever but not the scalene?

elevation of the scapula

Which is the insertion of the anterior scalene?

first rib

Which is the insertion of the middle scalene?

first rib

Which is an action of the anterior scalene?

flex the head and neck

where can you best feel the pulse of the temporal artery?

in front of the ear along the zygomatic arch

passive rotation of the head and neck to the same side would _________ the scm

lengthen

passive lateral flexion of the head and neck to the same side would ____________ the scm and scalenes

shorten

passive rotation of the head and neck to the opposite side would _________ the scalenes

shorten

The anterior scalene lies partially deep to the lateral edge of which muscle?

sternocleidomastoid

The two heads of the SCM originate at the ___ and ___.

sternum, clavicle

Which is the origin of the anterior scalene?

transverse processes of 3rd-6th cervical vertebrae

Which is the insertion of the masseter?

Angle and rams of mandible

What is the insertion of longus capitis

Inferior surface of occiput

Which is an action of the longus colli?

Laterally flex the head and neck to the same side

Which muscle is the strongest in the body relative to its size?

Masseter

Which movement of the neck and head lengthens the fibers of longus captious and colli?

Rotation to the opposite side

What 3 landmarks create the borders of the neck's anterior triangle?

SCM, trachea, mandible

When exploring the infrahyoids, one should stay in the superior half of these muscles to avoid irritating what?

Thyroid gland

The brachial plexus and subclavian artery pass through a small gap between which two muscles in the anterior, lateral neck?

anterior and middle scalenes

the brachial plexus and subclavian artery pass through a small gap between which 2 muscles on the anterior, lateral neck?

anterior scalene, middle scalene

Which muscle is involved in wiggling the ear?

auricularis superior

One head of the sternocleidomastoid attaches at the sternum, where does the second head attach?

clavicle

the pulse of the ____________________ can be felt medial to the SCM at the level of the hyoid bone.

common carotid arery

which muscle originates at the mastoid process, loops through a tendinous sling at the hyoid bone and inserts to the inferior border of the mandible?

digastric

name the 4 muscles which comprise the suprahyoids.

digastric, mylohyoid, geniohyoid, stylohyoid

located at the center of the occiput, the _____________________ is the superior attachment site for the ligamentum nuchae.

external occipital protuberance

which structure could you detect by placing your finger at the base of the mandible along the anterior edge of the masseter?

facial artery

the cranial bones are connected by ___________ joints which form tight-fitting sutures.

fibrous

the ____________ bone forms the forehead and upper rim of the eye sockets.

frontal

the galea aponeurotica forms the bridge between which two muscle bellies?

frontalis, occipitalis

the thyroid gland is situated on the anterior surface of the trachea between which two structures?

jugular notch, cricoid cartilage

Which muscle is responsible for protraction of the mandible?

lateral pterygoid

Which is an action of the lateral pterygoid?

laterally deviate the mandible to the opposite side

Which is an action of the posterior scalene?

laterally flex the head and neck to the same side

Which muscle acts as a synergist with the left sternocleidomastoid during rotation of the cervical spine to the right?

left anterior scalene

Passive protraction of the mandible would ____ the digastric.

lengthen

Passive protraction of the mandible would ______ the temporalis.

lengthen

not that you'd ever want to, but passive elevation of the hyoid bone would _____________ the infrahyoids

lengthen

Which muscle acts as an antagonist to the anterior scalene during flexion of the cervical?

levator scapula

To discern the posterior scalene from the levator scapula, what action could you ask your partner to perform that would contract the levator but not the scalene?

locate it and ask partner to elevate scapula

what two muscles attach from the anterior surface of the cervical vertebrae to the occiput and atlas?

longus capitis, longus colli

the __________________ is the strongest muscle in the body relative to its size.

masseter

Which is the origin of the digastric?

mastoid process

which bony landmark is located directly behind the earlobe and serves as an attachment site for the SCM?

mastoid process

Which is part of the insertion of the sternocleidomastoid?

mastoid process of the temporal bone

Which muscle mirrors the shape and position of the masseter from the opposite side of the mandible?

medial pterygoid

Integumentary muscles and mimetic muscles are what, respectively?

muscles embedded in the superficial fascia; muscles that express emotion

the ________________ is located at the posterior and inferior aspects of the cranium

occiput

which muscle runs from the hyoid bone to the superior border of the scapula and is mostly inaccesible?

omohyoid

to access the insertion of the temporalis, you must ask your partner to perform what action?

open mouth wide

What is the muscle that encircles the mouth?

orbicularis oris

the ___________________ bones merge at the body's midline to form the sagittal suture

parietal

which muscle becomes visually distinct when your partner forms a creature from the black lagoon expression?

platysma

Which scalene is difficult to distinguish from surrounding muscle bellies?

posterior

Which scalene is the least accessible for palpation?

posterior

the SCM, clavicle, and trapezius form the _________________ of the neck

posterior triangle

what direction should you give your partner in order to locate the suprahyoids?

press tongue against the roof of the mouth

What is an action of the buccinator?

presses the cheek firmly against the teeth

Which muscle is located between the eyebrows?

procerus

Which is an action of the medial pterygoid?

protract the mandible

the frontalis is best seen and felt by asking your partner to do what action?

raising eyebrows

Which movement at the mandible will lengthen the fibers of the medial pterygoid?

retraction

Which movement will lengthen the fibers of the anterior scalene?

rotate head and neck to same side

to create an even more visible contraction in the SCM, ask your partner to flex her neck after making what adjustment?

rotate head to the opposite side and flex

Which is an action of the middle scalene?

rotate the head and neck to the opposite side

Which is an action of the sternocleidomastoid?

rotate the head and necktie the opposite side

Before asking your supine partner to flex her neck to contract her sternocleidomastoid, how could you position the head to make the contraction even more visible?

rotate the head slighly away from the side you are palpating

Which muscles are located between the sternocleidomastoid and the anterior, lateral flap of the trapezius?

scalenes

You might ask your partner to "breathe deeply into your upper chest" when palpating which muscle group?

scalenes

You might passively flex your partner's neck and ask him to breathe deeply into his upper chest when palpating which muscle tissue?

scalenes

which muscles are located between the SCM and the anterior flap of the trapezius?

scalenes

Which is the insertion of the posterior scalene?

second rib

Passive depression of the mandible would ____ the suprahyoids.

shorten

Passive elevation of the mandible would ______ the masseter.

shorten

Passively raising the eyebrows would _____ the frontalis fibers.

shorten

Tightening the fascia of the neck would _____ the platysma.

shorten

passive flexion of the head and neck would ______________ the anterior scalene.

shorten

which bony landmark is located on the underside of the mandible and acts as an attachment site for the suprahyoid muscles?

submandibular fossa

while palpating the mandible, in which area should one use extra sensitivity?

submandibular fossa

which bony landmark of the occiput serves as an attachment site for several neck muscles?

superior nuchal line

Which muscle acts as an antagonist to the geniohyoid during depression of the mandible?

temporalis

the broad origin of which muscle attaches to the frontal, temporal, and parietal bones?

temporalis

the space between the zygomatic arch and the cranium is filled by the _____________ muscle.

temporalis

The elevator labii superiors is located between which two structures?

the upper lip and center of the eye

Which is the origin of the sternocleidomastoid?

top of the manubrium, later one-third of the clavicle

Which is the origin of the middle scalene?

transverse processes of 2nd-7th cervical vertebrae

Which is the origin of the posterior scalene?

transverse processes of the 6th and 7th cervical vertebrae

Which muscle is located between the corner of the mouth and the apex of the cheekbone?

zygomaticus major